摘要:

AbstractA seroepidemiological study was carried out in three different institutions for the aged. Serological evidence of HBV infection and the HBsAg carrier rate were found to be significantly increased in all three institutions with respect to the control group (noninstitutionalized aged). Of the 24 HBsAg asymptomatic chronic carriers 62% were positive for HBeAg. Among 15 patients with acute viral hepatitis, none had a severe course and in three HBsAg was not cleared 4–18 months after transaminase levels became normal. During 12–18 months of follow‐up, two asymptomatic seroconversions to HBsAg were observed. Although no single HBV transmission route was identified, the close cohabitation with this high number of HBsAg/HBeAg‐positive asymptomatic subjects could lead to an increased risk of spread of HBV within such institutions. Failure to clear HBsAg and the mild, often subclinical, HBV infection observed in these subjects, may be due to immunological abnormalities present in the

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890090402

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMany of the small round human fecal viruses implicated in outbreaks of nonbacterial gastroenteritis have been collected together and examined under the electron microscope. Negatively stained preparations without the addition of antibody were used so that the surface morphology of the virus particles remained clearly visible. It was apparent that several viruses, previously thought to be simply antigenic variants within the Norwalk group of viruses, show distinct morphological differences and quite clearly belong to other virus groups. By comparing the features of all the viruses examined in this study, both with each other and with standard cell culture strains of enterovirus, parvovirus, and calicivirus, it has been possible to propose an interim classification scheme, based primarily on the morphological appearance of the particles and supported by estimations of size and buoyant density.

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890090403

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA prospective study was carried out during 1 year in order to correlate intussusceptions in childhood with a viral infection. A virus was incriminated in 50% of the 64 patients in this survey. Adenovirus infections remain predominant as compared to rotavirus infections.

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890090404

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractExisting methods for detecting complete virus particles in the serum of patients with chronic HBV infection are either insensitive or indirect. A method is described in which Dane particle‐associated DNA is extracted from a small volume of serum and detected by molecular hybridization using32P‐labeled cloned HBV‐DNA or HBV‐DNA extracted from the serum of an immunosuppressed patient, followed by autoradiography and densitometry. There was a positive correlation between the amount of HBV‐DNA detected using HBV particle‐derived and cloned HBV‐DNA probes. The amount of HBV‐DNA detected in serum samples showed a positive correlation with the HBV‐DNA polymerase. The method was more sensitive than the DNA polymerase and HBeAg assays in detecting complete virus particles. It may be useful in determining the level of infectivity in patients and in monitoring response to

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890090405

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe have studied the growth of eight different viruses on skin fibroblasts from three families each having one or more diabetic members and appropriate controls. The haplotypes of all of the family members had been previously characterized. In addition, we havc investigated the growth of mumps virus on the lymphoblast cultures from four families of the same type. Our results show no difference between the growth of these viruses in cells derived from juvenile diabetics and cells derived from nondiabetic siblings and parents even when the haplotypes were identical. Howcver, we noted a striking rcsistance of human skin fibroblast cultures from both normal and diabetic individuals to Coxsackie H virus infection.

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890090406

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractB lymphocytes separated from anti‐HBe‐positive donors were established as lymphoblastoid cell lines by infection with EBV, but anti‐HBe in the culture supernatant from such lymphoblastoid cell lines could not be detected. The lymphoblastoid cell lines were rosetted with HBe antigen‐coupled SRBC to prepare cells for the production of specific anti‐HBe. Antibody activity in the culture supernatant against rosette forming cells was detected by RIA, ID, and R‐PHI tests during the first 1 to 4 wk, but not after 5 wk. The activity in the supernatant was not destroyed by treatment with 2‐mercaptoethanol, indicating that the antibody

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890090407

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA rapid enzyme immunofiltration technique using monoclonal antibodies to serotype herpes simplex virus is described. It requires only a Gngle tube culture showing viral cytopathology and can accommodate multiple specimens in a single assay. The monoclonal antibodies confer absolute specificity and the use of horseradish peroxidase‐conjugated staphylococcal protein A or antiglobulin permits easy visual interpretation of the results following the 2‐3‐hour assay. Although it is possible that an occasional wild strain of HSV might escape recognition by monoclonal antibody, this potential problem has not been observed among the more than 500 clinical isolates tested to date, all of which have yielded an unequivocal r

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890090408

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEight of forty (20%) human expressed breast milks enhanced the infectivity of human rotavirus (HRV) when assayed by immunofluorescence in a monkey kidney cell line (LLC‐MK2). This enhancement was demonstrated with two HRV strains, one derived from a fecal specimen of a child with acute gastroenteritis, the other a tissue culture adapted strain. The phenomenon could have important implications in the pathogenesis of HRV infections and in future vaccine program

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890090409

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIntravenous inoculation of two marmosets and one chimpanzee with hepatitis A virus (HAV) resulted in the replication of virus in liver, excretion of HAV particles in stool, and the appearance of circulating antibodies specific for hepatitis A. The development of an early antibody response in the chimpanzee and in one of the two infected marmosets was shown to interfere with the serologic detection of HAV antigen (HAV Ag) in homogenates of acute phase liver tissue obtained from these animals. Treatment of HAV Ag‐positive and IgM anti‐HAV‐positive liver homogenates with thiol reducing compounds was shown to release HAV Ag from in vitro formed immune complexes. The increased RIA response for HAV Ag in homogenates treated with 2‐mercaptoethanol (2‐ME) or dithiothreitol (DTT) was further shown not to be due to activation of HAV Ag itself or to a nonspecific effect on the RIA coating antibody, radiolabeled probe, or homogenized liver tissue. IgG and IgM double‐antibody sandwich RIAs for HAV Ag were also compared for their ability to detect HAV Ag under reducing and nonreducing conditions. Application of the 2‐ME or DTT treatment procedure to the serologic detection of other viral antigens or viruses whose presence in blood, stool, tissue macerate, or other milieu may be masked by specific antibody appears t

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890090410

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890090401

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY