摘要:

AbstractSimultaneous presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibodies to the surface antigen (anti‐HBs) was detected in 32 out of 89 Dutch chronic hepatitis patients of Caucasian race. HBsAg was subtyped ad in 28 and ay in four cases. Anti‐HBs could be subtyped in 25 cases using reference antigens discriminating between d, y, and w1–4subdeterminants. In 20 patients HBsAg subtype ad (HBsAg/ad) was accompanied by antibody to subdeterminant y (anti‐y), whereas HBsAg/ay and anti‐d were simultaneously detected in the serum of one patient. The antibody pattern in sera from the remaining patients was complex. Eighteen anti‐HBs‐positive patients were matched for age, histology, and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) status with 18 anti‐HBs‐negative patients. Differences in risk factors for acquiring a hepatitis B infection were not found. These results do not support the hypothesis that co‐occurrence of HBsAg and anti‐HBs is due to two consecutive infections with hepatitis B virus. The frequency of the co‐occurrence of HBsAg and anti‐HBs was found to be related to the degree of progressive liver disease, since anti‐HBs was found in three out of 23 asymptomatic carriers, in four out of 20 chronic persistent hepatitis patients, in 20 out of 41 chronic active hepatitis patients, and in all five patients with chronic active hepatitis and cirrhosis. The high frequency of anti‐HBs in advanced liver disease may be the result of a disturbed i

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890100202

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe significance of BKV infections relative to infections by generally tested respiratory agents was investigated in children with acute respiratory disease. Paired sera from 177 children admitted to a hospital for acute respiratory disease were tested for significant rises in antibodies. Sera from seven patients showed a seroconversion to BKV and clinical signs of acute upper respiratory tract infection were exhibited by each of these patients.BKV infections were present in 8% of the patients with upper respiratory tract disease while seroconversions to adenovirus (2%), influenza A virus (1%), parainfluenza virus (5%), RS virus (6%) and mycoplasma pneumoniae (1%) were observed in 15% of the patients with upper respiratory tract disease. BKV was isolated from the urine of one child with tonsillitis with a concomitant seroconversion to BKV.Tonsils from children with recurrent attacks of acute respiratory disease were tested for the presence of BKV DNA by hybridization with a cloned genomic32P‐labeled DNA of prototype BKV. Five of twelve tonsil DNAs showed hybridization with BKV DNA. Each tonsil showing hybridization with BKV DNA contained multiple nonintegrated copies of the BKV genome per diploid amount of host cell DNA.Attempts to recover infective BKV by transfection of primary human embryonic cells with tonsil DNAs or by co‐cultivation of tonsillar cells with primary human embryonic cells were unsuccess

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890100203

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWhen 71 ischaemic heart disease and cardiomyopathy patients' sera were examined by the IFA (indirect fluorescent antibody) test, 18 of the 49 (36%) with CMV (cytomegalovirus) CF antibody appeared to contain a specific LMW (7S approx) IGM.This IgM was unrelated to the presence of RF (rheumatoid factor) demonstrable by agglutination of IgG‐coated latex and by an immunofluorescence test, was not absorbed by heat‐aggregated IgG and latex, nor did its demonstration appear to be complement dependent. It was demonstrable in acute CMV infection and in some cardiac patients, binds to HSV (herpes simplex virus) and CMV‐infected

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890100204

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractHuman cytomegalovirus (CMV) strain Ad 169 was reacted with IgG antibody obtained from infected renal transplant patients, and the degree of neutralization was determined. The mixture of antibody and virus was then incubated with antihuman IgG (A‐IgG) or complement (C) to measure additional neutralization by these agents and thus to estimate the concentration of infectious virus‐antibody complexes which had been formed. Neutralization and formation of infectious complexes susceptible to neutralization by A‐IgG or C decreased with lower concentrations of antibody. The rate of neutralization of preformed complexes by A‐IgG or C was more rapid than the formation of complexes or the neutralization of native virus. If equally infectious suspensions of native virus and virus plus antibody were challenged with additional CMV antibody both solutions were neutralized to the same degree.The data are most compatible with the suggestion that the formation of infectious virus‐antibody complexes is the initial step in the neutralization process. These complexes do not appear to be protected from further neutr

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890100205

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMumps virus specific antibody concentrations were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), hemolysis‐in‐gel (HIG) test, and hemagglutination‐inhibition (HI) test in 17 adult volunteers before and after vaccination with a new live mumps vaccine, Pariorix®. The results of the present study indicate that the strain Urabe‐Am 9 of the mumps virus (Pariorix) induces antibodies in 100% of seronegative adults when measured by ELISA and in 70.6% and 64.7% in HIG and HI, respectively. ELISA is therefore a very sensitive and reliable method for the demonstration of sero‐conversion after vaccination. The vaccine was well tolerated and clinically acceptable in the group of adul

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890100206

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe effects of heat, sodium hypochlorite, diethyl ether, and ethyl alcohol on the activity of DNA polymerase (DNA‐P) associated with hepatitis B virsus (HBV) in serum were evaluated. The response of DNA‐P to heating at 60°C for 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 180, and 240 minutes was studied and the data suggested that there may be two types of DNA‐P. The majority of DNA‐P was type ‘a’, and it showed a one log redution (D60) at 60°C in 36 minutes, while the remaining activity was type ‘b’ that showed a one log reduction (D60) in 340 minutes. Treatment of DNA‐P with sodium hypochlorite at concentrations of 250 and 500 parts per million (ppm) of available chlorine resulted in a 20 to 25% reduction in DNA‐P activity within one minute. Complete loss in detectable DNA‐P activity occurred within one minute when available Cl‐ was 2500 ppm or greater. Various concentrations of ethyl alcohol (ranging from 10 to 70%) caused gradually increasing inactivation of DNA‐P activity in ten minutes at 4°C. Ninety percent inactivation occurred with 60% alcohol. Overnight treatment of DNA‐P‐reactive material with diethyl ether at 4°C led to loss of detectable activity. A reduction in the titer of HBsAg was found following treatment with alcohol or ether. The possible use of DNA‐P assay as an indicator of the rate

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890100207

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractSeventeen out of 30 patients with chronic hepatitis type B with hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) in serum remained persistently positive for e antigen, while 13 seroconverted to antibody (anti‐HBe) when followed over a period of one to five years. Initial levels of serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers, such as the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), HBeAg, and HBV‐DNA polymerase (HBV‐DNAP) were similar in the two groups of patients, while initial titres of the HBsAg‐associated receptor for polymerized human serum albumin (pHSA), recently identified on HBV particles, were significantly higher in the patients who remained HBeAg positive (mean titre ± SD = 2−7.00± 2−3.2) compared to the cases who eventually seroconverted to anti‐HBe during the follow‐up (2−2.54± 2−2.14P<0.001). A receptor titre above 1:64 by haemagglutination was highly predictive of persistence of HBeAg, suggesting that in patients with HBeAg‐positive chronic hepatitis testing for the HBsAg‐associated pHSA receptor may be useful in predicting the duration of HBe antigenaemia, with relevant clinical a

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890100208

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe ultrastructure of the nucleocapsid component of human hepatitis B virus (core particle) was studied by negative staining‐carbon film technique. Using this method an improved image of core particles was obtained in respect of resolution and contrast. Two‐dimensional crystalline arrays of core particles were formed in vitro. Under these arrays the distance between the particle centers was 28.3 nm, corresponding to the capsid diameter, when analyzed through optical diffraction patterns. Positively stained images of these arrays revealed that core particles contain an electron‐dense center of nucleoid‐like area about 21 nm in diameter. The capsid surface rarely exhibited small capsomeres, ie, small spheres or ring‐like structures measuring 4.0–4.2 nm. From the dimension of these structures and the analysis by Markham's rotational technique, it was suggested that each of these capsomeres is an individual subunit (monomer) and 180 of these subunits build up the core particle capsid according to the icosahedral symmetry (T = 3), but not clustering into distinct morphologic

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890100209

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0146-6615    

DOI:10.1002/jmv.1890100201

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1982

数据来源: WILEY