摘要:

This article, a product of the two authors' multicultural experiences, contrasts British and Japanese families in order to examine the applicability of the Western model of family therapy to Japanese families and therapists. Areas where the Western model is incompatible are identified, and modifications to fit the Japanese indigenous model are suggested. The most significant difference in value systems between the two cultures is the Japanese preference for connectedness. The Japanese person is seen as a part of the embedded interconnectedness of relationships, whereas British norms prioritize separateness and clear boundaries in relationships, individuality, and autonomy. This value orientation is manifested in the Japanese language, hierarchical nature of the family structure, the family life cycle, and the implicit communication style. Systemic thinking, which deals with the pattern of relationships, is valid for all families regardless of cultural differences. But therapists should note that the preferred direction of change for Japanese families in therapy, is toward a process of integration — how a person can be effectively integrated into the given system — rather than a process of differentiation. An authoritative therapist style, the use of individual sessions, silence, and other nonverbal techniques are relevant to bringing about the desired change toward better integration of the individual with his or her netwo

ISSN:0014-7370    

DOI:10.1111/j.1545-5300.1992.00319.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Using the concepts of “restraints” and reciprocal patterns, a specific approach for understanding and working with families of adolescents is offered. The organizing idea is the “restraint” that revolves around a difficulty both parents and youngsters have in making a distinction between what parents want for their youngsters and what the young person might want. This difficulty may come from the parents' ideas and beliefs about parenting and from their own growing‐up experience, from the adolescent's “not completely storied” lives, and/or from societal discourse about adolescence. Restraint of ideas can be constructed as reciprocal patterns and located in dominant narratives that families may have about themselves. A restorying process allows families to separate from the problem pattern and focus on the youngsters' willingness to have ideas f

ISSN:0014-7370    

DOI:10.1111/j.1545-5300.1992.00341.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Couples therapists spend considerable time focused on the recurring patterns of anger and misunderstanding that occur in their sessions. These patterns usually represent projective identification sequences in which one partner disavows disturbing thoughts and feelings, and, instead, unconsciously induces similar thoughts and feelings in the other partner by behaving in such a way as to stimulate them. Conflict and misunderstanding surround the partners' shared efforts to avoid identifying with the undesirable thoughts and feelings. The underlying problem is each individual's inability to contain the disturbing material and provide holding for the other partner. This article offers a technique for interrupting the process and helping each partner to identify with and contain the disturbing material.

ISSN:0014-7370    

DOI:10.1111/j.1545-5300.1992.00355.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Concepts such as “agreement,”“consensus,”“understanding,” and “shared meaning” are very familiar to clinicians. It is argued in this article that similarity in perceptions between spouses is a crucial dimension of the family system underlying these concepts. Findings are presented that support the idea that families vary along a dimension of similarity of perceptions, with more functional families characterized by high similarity between spouses' perceptions of their marriage and their family. In addition, the structure of this similarity was stable over 2 years and little change occurred in the mean level of similarity. Of three sets of predictor variables‐psychological stress, marital cohesion, and structural variables — marital cohesion was the most powerful predictor of marital similarity. The importance of similarity of perceptions between family members in clinica

ISSN:0014-7370    

DOI:10.1111/j.1545-5300.1992.00369.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Childhood cancer patients have a greater likelihood of long‐term survival than ever before. This study examined both the perceived family functioning of adolescents who had successfully completed treatment for pediatric cancer and the relationship between family functioning and post‐treatment adjustment. Eighty‐eight adolescent survivors of hematologic malignancies were assessed regarding their family functioning, mental health, self‐esteem, global competence, and problem behaviors. Contrary to expectations about the influence of cancer on these families, adolescent cancer survivors reported lower levels of family cohesion than the normative sample of healthy adolescents and their families. While current age, gender, age at diagnosis, and time since treatment completion were generally not associated with adolescents' adjustment, perceived family cohesion and adaptability were strongly related to post‐treatment psychological a

ISSN:0014-7370    

DOI:10.1111/j.1545-5300.1992.00383.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This research explores the relationships between each of four “domains” of family life and the health of husbands and wives in a community‐based sample of 225 families. In this article we report the association between Family Structure/Organization and adult Health. This family domain refers to the architecture of the family or the structural frame of roles and rules within which the family operates. Interrelationships among 13 self‐reported, family Structure/Organization scales are described, using principle components analysis (PCA) and multidimensional scaling analysis (MDS). Derived, joint‐spouse or couple Structure/Organization variables also were created using inter‐battery factor analysis. The PCA yielded a poor solution, whereas the MDS yielded a good two‐dimensional solution, which roughly displayed the scales in a circular pattern for both husbands and wives. The analyses indicated that no single dimension or set of separate subdimensions adequately described the Structure/Organization variables. All 13 scales then were associated with a battery of 14 adult health scales for husbands and wives separately, using canonical correlation. Different aspects of family Structure/Organization were correlated with health for husbands and wives: Organized Cohesiveness, Sex Role Traditionalism, Role Flexibility and Shared Roles for husbands; and Organized Cohesiveness and Differentiated Sharing for wives. Different patterns of health scores also emerged by gender, with behavioral indicators, such as Smoking and Drinking, more salient for husbands, and mood indicators, such as Anxiety and Depression, more sali

ISSN:0014-7370    

DOI:10.1111/j.1545-5300.1992.00399.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This article explores the relationship between family Problem Solving and the Health of adults in a community‐based sample of 225 families. Family Problem Solving refers to the ways in which the family conducts itself to resolve a shared problem. Sixteen observer ratings of family Problem‐Solving behavior during a 30‐minute task were developed, based on the Simulated Family Activity Measure (SIMFAM), and good interrater agreement was achieved. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) yielded a set of three well‐constructed, interpretable dimensions: Problem‐Solving Effectiveness, Problem‐Solving Style, and Sociomotor Activity. Multidimensional scaling analyses (MDS) suggested that family problem‐solving behavior involved an organized, means‐end sequence of family behaviors in which aspects of style served problem‐solving effectiveness. All 16 Problem‐Solving variables were analyzed with a set of 14 health variables, for husbands and wives separately, using canonical correlation. No subset of Problem‐Solving variables was significantly associated with a subset of Health variables for either husbands or wives, although there was a significant association between the two sets of variables when taken as a whole. Given previous research on family Problem Solving, we conclude that the absence of significant associations between particular aspects of family Problem Solving and Health may be due to our use of a community‐based rather than a stressed or clinical sample. Associations between Family Problem Solving and Health might best be viewed in the context of

ISSN:0014-7370    

DOI:10.1111/j.1545-5300.1992.00421.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In an expansion of a previous study, we examined in which way depressive inpatients' views of psychiatrists' and significant others' attitudes toward the severity of their illness were related to outcome. Fifty‐six patients were asked a two‐part question —“Who regards your illness as being more severe: (a) you or your significant others; (b) you or your psychiatrist?” Two subsamples of patients were identified: those who viewed the psychiatrists' and significant others' attitudes as similar and those who viewed them as dissimilar. Both groups showed substantial and significant improvement during hospital treatment; but the group that viewed the attitudes held by psychiatrists and significant others as dissimilar had significantly fewer depressive symptoms by the end of a 3‐month followup period. The findings were consistent with those of the original study, and with the hypothesis as derived from the Mental Research Institute brief therapy

ISSN:0014-7370    

DOI:10.1111/j.1545-5300.1992.00433.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0014-7370    

DOI:10.1111/j.1545-5300.1992.00441.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY