摘要:

ABSTRACTThis paper defines and solves a set of new problems for two‐level hierarchical transportation networks. Given a set of points, the objective is to find the path of a primary link such that a weighted sum of the lengths of the perpendiculars from each point to the primary link and the distance between the feet of the two extreme perpendiculars is minimized. The perpendiculars are the connecting or secondary links and the primary link could be a straight line or a curve. The paper provides an algorithm and computational results for the case in which the primary link is a straight line. Implementation approaches are also discusse

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1990.tb00323.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTA computerized system has been developed for assigning, parking, and dispatching buses so that each operator in the St. Louis metropolitan transit system generally drives the same bus each day. Combinations of optimizing routines, mathematical heuristics, decision rules from experienced personnel, and human intervention are used to manage the bus operations efficiently. This paper describes the tools created for this task and documents significant improvements in maintenance that occurred after the system became operational.

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1990.tb00324.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTOne concept that has been widely supported in experiments on predicting the outcome of majority‐rule voting committees is the Core, the set of alternatives that cannot be defeated by any other in a binary contest. Unfortunately, the applicability of these experiments to organizations is limited by a set of rigid controls intended to ensure that the experiments are internally valid. This paper tests the Core in a laboratory environment that relaxes these controls. The Core is found to be highly predictive under these relaxed conditions, thereby enhancing confidence in its external validit

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1990.tb00325.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTScreen/report design for output organization is still very much a common sense‐driven activity. This paper identifies a preliminary set of factors beyond display format for examination as screen/report design variables. A laboratory experiment was conducted to assess the influence of one of these factors, spatial layout of information, along with display format in an information recall context. Individual imagery orientation (verbalizer/visualizer) was used as a moderating variable in the experimental design. The findings indicate that spatial layout of information significantly influenced performance when the recall task involved pattern detection. In fact, a central location of data in a document was the most conducive to pattern recall performance. Further, terminal items facilitated pattern recall better than early input items. With respect to display format, the results support previous findings that a tabular display enhances performance for point‐value recall tasks while graphs exhibit an edge over tables for pattern types of recall tasks. Overall, the verbalizers demonstrated a complete supremacy in performance. Interaction between individual imagery orientation and display format indicates that, while the verbalizers and the mixed type were immune to display format variations, the graphical stimulus enhanced the pattern recall performance of the visualiz

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1990.tb00326.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTPolynomial regression models have applications in the social sciences and in business research. Unfortunately, such models have a high degree of multicollinearity that creates problems with the statistical assessment of the model. In fact, the collinearity may be so severe that it could lead to an incorrect conclusion that some of the terms in the model are not statistically significant and should therefore be omitted from the model. This note provides a simple transformation to achieve orthogonality in polynomial models between the linear and quadratic terms, thereby eliminating the collinearity problem. It also shows that the same procedure does not achieve orthogonality for higher‐order terms. An example data set is analyzed to show the benefits of such a procedur

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1990.tb00327.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY