摘要:

AbstractExpectancy theory has been tested in a variety of research settings with somewhat mixed results. One possible explanation for the sometimes low predictive ability of the model is the presence of environmental uncertainty. It was hypothesized that the greater the perceived environmental uncertainty, the greater the uncertainty regarding expectancy estimates. Hence, the predicted relationship between the level of motivation and job performance was expected to vary with the level of perceived uncertainty. Empirical results are presented supporting the hypothesis.

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1978.tb00727.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper proposes an interpretation of the pure capital rationing problem as it is faced by many managers in decentralized firms in which budgets serve as the principal means of control. It is argued that the appropriate objective for situations such as these is the maximization of either undiscounted earnings over the planning horizon or total value of the investments at the horizon. When either objective function is used in conjunction with the frequently encountered linear programming models for the capital rationing problem, shadow prices result which give rise to discount rates that will reproduce the optimal solution using discounted cash flow as a criterion. These results are then used as a means for clarifying several confusing and misleading statements that have appeared in the literature.

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1978.tb00728.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper proposes a method, canonical rotation analysis, which facilitates the substantive interpretation of results in multivariate analysis. Canonical rotation analysis is developed as a model which integrates multivariate least squares approaches and the varimax rotation criterion. The generalized applicability of the model to canonical correlation, multiple discriminant analysis, and multivariate analysis of variance is developed. The advantages and limitations of canonical rotation analysis are discussed and illustrated in the context of an industrial marketing research problem.

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1978.tb00729.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper presents a statistical test of the hypothesis that a time series has been generated by a Poisson process with a stable, but undetermined, intensity. The test has the virtues of easy application and economy with respect to data requirements.

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1978.tb00730.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAn experimental duopoly game was used to test the effects of market structure, opponent behavior, and information about opponent behavior in the game. Rational behavior would be responsive only to market structure. Problem‐solving behavior would be responsive to all three factors. Results showed that decision behavior was responsive to all three factors in interaction as well as reponsive to interactive effects of tim

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1978.tb00731.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study investigates the effects of time and probability constraints on the search process in a decision‐making situation. The setting was a behavioral laboratory in which subjects were asked to choose one art print from a selection of 260 prints. The prints were in sets of five for convenience in showing. In the nonconstraint condition, subjects were able to set their own pace in viewing prints and could obtain any print in the whole set that was desired. Under the constraint condition, the time and probability constraints were both operative. Under the time constraint, viewing additional sets required increasing amounts of time. Under the probability constraint, there was a constantly reducing probability—down to a minimum of ten percent—of obtaining an earlier print as more prints were viewed. In comparison to unconstrained subjects, constrained subjects viewed fewer prints and did more rechecking in total while the search was in pr

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1978.tb00732.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA parametric programming model for allocating joint costs is described and illustrated. Given M mutually exclusive missions and P alternative systems for accomplishing such missions, the model first determines the optimal choice of systems for all missions simultaneously. It then allocates both joint and separable costs such that no mission receives a greater cost allocation than any other mission alternative that might be suboptimal for the mission but nonoptimal when all missions are simultaneously considered. Although the modelinitiallyassumes a mission priority ranking, this assumption is relaxed later on as alternative rankings are evaluated and cost allocation ranges under all priority rankings are evaluated.

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1978.tb00733.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMost prior studies that examine in‐process inventory requirements associated with a manufacturing facility employ an optimizing algorithm; this article proposes a heuristic procedure for determining such requirements. A procedure is given for determining “active” and “banked” work‐in‐process requirements. The two are combined to give total in‐process requirements.A key factor presented in the paper is the relationship between in‐process inventory requirements and the “balancing” of a production facility. Most prior researchers examine these problems independently. It will be shown that both problems can be resolved concurrently. The concepts are applicable to both an existing as well as a new m

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1978.tb00734.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of the current study was to determine whether brand name can affect the public's evaluation of a product. All subjects smoked identical cigarettes. One group of subjects, however, knew the cigarettes by the name of “Frontiersman,” a masculine name, while the other group knew the cigarettes as “April,” a feminine name. Male and female subjects were asked to rate the cigarette on seven measures. Results show that women gave a more positive evaluation to the cigarette purportedly named “April,” while men gave a more positive evaluation to the identical cigarette when they thought it was named “Frontiersman.” In addition, women reacted more strongly than did men to brand

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1978.tb00735.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNonmetric procedures such a MONANOVA have been developed to estimate attribute utilities with ranked observations. It is argued that the goodness of the estimation procedure is another criterion which favors a metric procedure like Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) Regression. MONANOVA and OLS Regression are compared in their ability to recover attribute utilities with both ranked and scaled observations.

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1978.tb00736.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY