摘要:

ABSTRACTThis paper describes a case assignment (calendaring) algorithm for a multi‐judge appellate court system. In the algorithm, cases of unequal work content are selected for assignment to one ofmpanels (or clusters) from a set ofNavailable cases. Each panel of cases is heard by a team of three judges. Each appellate case has an estimated work load and a priority ranking based on the type of appeal and filing date with the court. The algorithm balances both the total work load and the number of cases assigned to each panel while insuring that the highest priority cases are assigned to those available. The assignment problem is normally capacity constrained in that not all of theNcases can be assigned to one of thempanels on the monthly calendar. The algorithm is based on a neighborhood search and bounding principle that continually improves upon an initial feasible solution. Empirical results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the algorith

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1993.tb01291.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTNumerous research studies have examined the use of financial accounting data in the prediction of corporate bankruptcy. Partly due to a lack of available data, however, little work has been done in developing a closure prediction model specifically for hospitals. Using cost reports from the Health Care Financing Administration and a sample of 71 closed hospitals and a matched sample of 71 open hospitals, the current study examines the relationship between 21 financial accounting ratios and hospital closure. Univariate logit results indicate that hospital closure is significantly related to 17 of the 21 ratios one year prior to closure. Results are also presented using a multivariate model, and for the relationships two years prior to closure. The current study provides information helpful to users in identifying financial variables which may be important indicators of hospital closure.

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1993.tb01292.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTGlobal information technology (i.e., computer hardware, software, and data communications shared across country boundaries) can support the multinational firm as it seeks to coordinate global operations, diffuse innovations worldwide, or provide integrated service to a global corporate customer. The current study uses information processing theory as the basis for examining alternative organizational designs for information technology in a globally competing firm. Mail survey data gathered from information technology managers in 109 multinationals provide evidence that multinational firms use different and distinct ways of organizing their global information technology activities. The survey data also reveal that in nearly half of the organizations, the way information technology activities are organized is inconsistent with the way the organization is reportedly structured. A follow‐up interview‐based study sought explanations for these misfits. Several contingency variables were identified that may shed some light to the misfits. These included factors from both the firm's internal and external environme

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1993.tb01293.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTFew studies of just‐in‐time (JIT) implementation examine their significance in make‐to‐order manufacturing environments. This study examines the relative importance of several operating variables that are characteristic features of JIT systems within such environments in North America. The results suggest that the most salient features of JIT for make‐to‐order and assemble‐to‐order firms are the elimination of waste (in the form of time and defects), reduced setup time, reduced lotsize, and a smaller pool of suppliers. In addition, the results suggest that the use of non‐domestic suppliers can possibly hinder efforts at JIT implementation of mate

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1993.tb01294.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTInformation systems (IS) researchers are now calling for the need to draw from the empirically rich field of organizational innovation. As the impact of strategic systems is increasingly being felt by organizations, the view that these systems are innovations or innovative uses of technology is becoming prevalent. Customer based interorganizational systems (CIOS) represent one of the most prominent types of such systems. This research investigates CIOS adoption. A model is constructed based on significant studies in innovation to identify factors facilitating the adoption decision of a CIOS. Data are gathered from 226 senior executives. Discriminant analysis is used to identify factors that distinguish adopters from nonadopters. Factor analysis of significant variables yielded a parsimonious model of CIOS adoption. The five factor model includes (1) a proactive technological orientation and (2) an internal push for the system as the two most significant sets of facilitators. Implications for research and practice are then discussed.

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1993.tb01295.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the impact of worker learning, worker flexibility, and labor attrition on the system performance of a dual resource constrained (DRC) job‐shop. The effects of learning and labor attrition have not been previously addressed in DRC literature. Results from the study, consistent with previous literature, show that the greatest benefits are achieved when inter‐departmental worker flexibility is incrementally introduced into the system. In addition, the learning environment, which depends on the initial processing time of jobs and the learning rates of workers, is shown to impact the acquisition of flexibility. The study also shows that the impact of labor attrition on system performance under certain shop conditions may be signific

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1993.tb01296.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTThis paper addresses the suitability of cellular manufacturing under a variety of operating conditions. Queueing theoretic and simulation models of cellular and functional layouts are developed for various shop operating environments to investigate several factors believed to influence the benefits associated with a cellular manufacturing layout. The queueing models show how operations overlapping, which is more practical with a cellular layout, becomes more beneficial as the lot size increases. The simulation models are developed to study the performance of cellular and functional layouts in a wide variety of operating environments by varying the levels of four factors: (1) the degree to which natural part families occur, (2) the number of operations required to process the parts, (3) the processing times of the parts at each machine, and (4) the lot size. Two response variables are used to measure shop performance: the average time spent by a batch in the system, and the average work‐in‐process level. Statistically significant reductions in the average time in the system and average work‐in‐process measures were detected for the cellular layouts in all the operating environments

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1993.tb01297.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTUnderstanding how people search through and combine information before making decisions is an important concern in the study of decision making and in the design of decision support systems (DSS). The purpose of this study is to examine DSS search strategies in relation to the body of empirical research on information load. Prior research is examined in relation to basic empirically‐testable hypotheses and compared to the results of this study as a way of validating the procedures used here. The transfer of information load empirical research to a DSS scenario is confirmed statistically. Then, results of an analysis of information search patterns under DSS conditions are described. Finally, implications for DSS design are discussed in terms of possible search support mechanisms for specific search strategie

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1993.tb01298.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACTCharacterization of unacceptable solutions for linear programming (LP) discriminant models have been discussed in the literature and the results presented so far are not satisfactory. This paper establishes necessary and sufficient conditions of unacceptable solutions for a number of LP models, addresses the practical implications of these conditions, and discusses the relationship between unacceptable solutions and multiple solutions.

ISSN:0011-7315    

DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5915.1993.tb01299.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY