摘要:

As need for greater food production increases during the next 30 years, the yield of fishery products must be increased. One source of this increase can be our relatively unexploited fresh-water commercial fisheries, particularly those of reservoirs, rice fields, farm ponds, and fish farms. Much additional research must be conducted on utilization and marketing of the products of these fisheries, as well as on improved harvesting methods, and legislation and public relations. A comprehensive program of public education on the general dynamics of fresh-water fish populations is vital, in order to alleviate the unnecessary conflict that exists between sport fishermen and commercial fishing.

ISSN:0002-8487    

DOI:10.1577/1548-8659(1957)87[299:UPOOFC]2.0.CO;2

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1958

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Exploratory fishing can aid the growth of our commercial fisheries by expanding present fishing grounds, diversifying effort on present grounds and discovering new fisheries. Development of better gear and catching methods through increasing gear research can help the domestic industry compete with foreign imports. Better fish-finding equipment is needed for more efficient operations. Midwater trawling and development of electrical fishing offer opportunities for additional fisheries of the open ocean. In the future, more emphasis should be placed on basic gear research by technicians who are especially qualified for this type of work.

ISSN:0002-8487    

DOI:10.1577/1548-8659(1957)87[309:TROEAG]2.0.CO;2

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1958

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Doubling of the amount of impounded waters in California is in the foreseeable future. Basic climatology dictates winter and spring storage and summer and fall drawdowns, a feature common to far western impoundments. Most of these impoundments will support warm-water fisheries. Native fresh-water fish populations in California and the lower Colorado River have not adjusted to the combination of impoundment and predation by introduced warm-water sport species and often the introduced species have not maintained desirable population structures. The sunfishes frequently stunt and are believed to depress the bass populations. Extremely poor survival of bass-of-the-year is common. An unsatisfactory bass-of-the-year/forage ratio exists in the fall when the young bass turn to a fish diet. Food production is poor in the littoral zone because of water level fluctuation, but plankton production in open waters is usually adequate.

ISSN:0002-8487    

DOI:10.1577/1548-8659(1957)87[319:FPIIWO]2.0.CO;2

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1958

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Principal problems concerning the fisheries of large reservoirs in the Southeast are: inefficient and highly selective exploitation of fish stocks, and protection and reclamation of damaged or threatened fisheries in tailwaters and tributary streams. Seven mainstream reservoirs on which data are available support an average angling pressure of 4.9 trips per acre per year and an average catch of 16 pounds of sport fish and 6 pounds of food fish. Commercial take is 7 pounds per acre. The rate of catch of sport fish, based upon tag returns, is only 3 percent. Sixteen storage reservoirs support an average angling pressure of 5.0 trips per acre per year and an average catch of 13 pounds of sport fish and 1 pound of food fish. Commercial catch is of no significance. Average rate of catch of sport fish is 17 percent of the catchable population. Fish population studies indicate that there are twice as many sport fish and four times as many food fish in mainstream than there are in storage reservoirs.

ISSN:0002-8487    

DOI:10.1577/1548-8659(1957)87[333:FMPAPO]2.0.CO;2

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1958

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Dam construction on the Missouri River is creating a tremendous fishery resource in the million surface-acres of water being impounded in six large reservoirs. Major management problems include obtaining adequate harvest, developing efficient commercial gear and markets for fish products, and the threatening possibility of over-population of the reservoir with undesirable kinds of fishes. Each reservoir is unique in its basic physical and chemical characterstics and must be managed as a separate entity. Water level manipulation holds considerable promise as a tool of fish population management. Improvements in the physical design of tailwaters areas can improve sport fishing. More basic data on the fish habitat provided by these reservoirs is urgently needed if fish management methods are to be developed in time to make full and proper use of the tremendous fishery resource. At present, state fishery research and management programs are not adequate to deal with the problems at hand and little or no outside assistance has been received.

ISSN:0002-8487    

DOI:10.1577/1548-8659(1957)87[356:FMPOLI]2.0.CO;2

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1958

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The growing commercial trout industry is making a valuable contribution to fishing and fish management in Western United States. In addition to trout reared for sale as food and to provide pay-fishing, the industry is a source of trout eggs and fish not infrequently purchased to supplement production of state hatcheries. Trout are also sold for stocking of approved private and public waters. It is necessary that commercial hatcheries be licensed and state control exercised over distribution of fish from them. This prevents indiscriminate and unplanned planting of public waters and introduction, accidental or otherwise, of undesirable species of fish. Such control also aids in curtailing the spread of fish diseases. Proper regulation and inspection of commercial hatcheries can both benefit the industry and protect state waters.

ISSN:0002-8487    

DOI:10.1577/1548-8659(1957)87[365:SSPAWT]2.0.CO;2

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1958

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The commercial trout-rearing industry in the United States is a big and growing industry that has many problems different from those of governmental trout hatcheries. Fish of specific saleable sizes often must be available throughout the year. Such a supply is obtained by utilizing uneven growth of trout, using different egg supplies, crowding and release and adjusting feeding. Pellet feeding has proven useful in the industry. Trout raised commercial usually sell for between $0.85 and $1.25 a pound and this price includes cost of labor, food and maintenance, and necessary profit. Present problems of the industry include depression of the market dumping of trout by marginal producers and competition from imported trout, difficulties in financing trout farms, shortage of hatchery operators and suitable labor, and lack of research on problems of commercial trout production.

ISSN:0002-8487    

DOI:10.1577/1548-8659(1957)87[368:PICTP]2.0.CO;2

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1958

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Disease, nutritional, and environmental problems in commercial production of trout are discussed, including mortality and age of spawners, copepod and gyrodactylid infections, suitable water temperatures, diseases (especially red mouth and back peel) and inspection of fish. It is concluded that experiences with hatchery procedures have varied greatly and often the commercial trout producer must adjust methods to fit his particular needs and conditions.

ISSN:0002-8487    

DOI:10.1577/1548-8659(1957)87[374:SPOPTH]2.0.CO;2

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1958

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Illness, in fish as well as in other animals, when caused by an infectious disease, is often not the result of infection with pathogens alone. In many cases the pathogens and hosts can exist side by side without development of disease symptoms. Such symptoms, with resulting illness or death, appear only when the balance of mutual tolerance between the host and the pathogen is shifted in favor of the pathogen. Factors of several different kinds may render a host susceptible to disease; such things as poor nutrition, unfavorable physical conditions in the environment and the hereditary make-up of the fish itself. Drugs may allow temporary control of infectious diseases but for the long-range control it is better to increase the resistance of the host.

ISSN:0002-8487    

DOI:10.1577/1548-8659(1957)87[380:SFRONM]2.0.CO;2

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1958

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Fish and wildlife in the near future will often have to be fitted into multiple use programs for watersheds. This involves compromise between various desired uses of land and water; uses which may be compatible, conflicting or independent. If fish and wildlife are to receive proper consideration in a multiple use program, it is essential that there be more factual information on relationships of wildlife to habitat and on wildlife values. Public support must be won through the use of these facts.

ISSN:0002-8487    

DOI:10.1577/1548-8659(1957)87[386:POGAFI]2.0.CO;2

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1958

数据来源: Taylor