ISSN:0095-2990    

DOI:10.3109/00952999809001542

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The author advocates that a clinician play the role of a primary care therapist (PCT) for substance abusers to assure that appropriate treatment interventions are provided to meet patient needs. In treating substance abusers, the PCT must be concerned about patients' needs for control, containment, contact, and comfort, especially initially, but also in an ongoing way. The PCT functions in direct, coordinating, and monitoring roles in order to optimally provide and combine psychotherapeutic and self-help elements.

ISSN:0095-2990    

DOI:10.3109/00952999809001543

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Sexual dysfunction is not uncommon in alcoholics and in cocaine addicts. Alcohol abuse frequently develops along with cocaine dependence and the reverse is also common. We examined the sexual history of this common dually-addicted population. Sexual dysfunction was found in 62% (N= 50) of male cocaine and alcohol abusers consecutively admitted to a substance disorder treatment unit. The influence of cocaine and alcohol on commonly studied neurotransmitters and hormones along with their influence on sexual function are discussed.

ISSN:0095-2990    

DOI:10.3109/00952999809001544

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0095-2990    

DOI:10.3109/00952999809001545

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0095-2990    

DOI:10.3109/00952999809001546

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0095-2990    

DOI:10.3109/00952999809001547

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper reviews the literature on patients presenting for general psychiatric treatment who are also substance abusers. Place of presentation, diagnosis, and treatment are considered. A considerable portion of patients seen in emergency rooms, as much as half in some settings, are substance abusers, and over a third of general psychiatry admissions have been found to have their presenting problems materially influenced or precipitated by substance abuse. Substance abuse is also frequently found among psychiatric inpatients. Diagnostically, the differentiation of general psychiatric and addictive syndromes can be difficult: primary and secondary affective disorder from consequences of long-term substance abuse; and self-medication patterns from primary general psychiatric syndromes. Treatment studies are often focused on concomitant psychotherapeutic management for patient being treated for addiction. Often, emphasis is placed on pharmacotherapy for enhancing outcome in the dually diagnosed. Qualitatively, new options tailored to this population still remain to be studied, however, as do the changes necessary in the treatment system to assure proper long-term management.

ISSN:0095-2990    

DOI:10.3109/00952999809001548

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In 1972, a drug incidence survey was conducted at a private southern university. Pooled results of this random survey of 1,032 students revealed that on at least one occasion, 90% of the students had tried alcohol, 70% had used tobacco, and 61% had experimented with marijuana. Use of amphetamines (38%), hallucinogens (28%), barbiturates (19%), and cocaine (10%) was much lower. To evaluate the apparent change in trends of drug usage, a follow-up study was undertaken in 1986 at the same school. The results showed a decline in amphetamine and barbiturate use. The greatest differences were seen in the nearly fourfold increase in one-time use of cocaine between 1972 and 1986 and thesixteenfold increasein students who used cocaine more than 10 times. It was noteworthy that one-third of the students who used marijuana had done so by the 9th grade. Similar early experimentation was noted with a majority of the other drugs.

ISSN:0095-2990    

DOI:10.3109/00952999809001549

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The paper explores the relationship between sex of the identified alcoholic and patterns of interaction in the home. Twenty-three families with a male alcoholic member were compared to eight families with a female alcoholic member along a series of factors representing basic dimensions of interactional behavior. These dependent measures were derived via direct observation of families in their homes, using the Home Observation Assessment Method (HOAM). Previous analyses of this same HOAM database had demonstrated statistically significant associations between HOAM factor scores and the current drinking status of the alcoholic family member. In contrast to reports in the literature which have made claims to having demonstrated global differences between the behavior of male and female alcoholics, our data indicated that overall patterns of family home behavior were remarkably similar when sex of the alcoholic member was the only variable used to distinguish comparison groups. Thus no direct impact of sex of the alcoholic family member on family behavior could be demonstrated in this naturalistic observation study.

ISSN:0095-2990    

DOI:10.3109/00952999809001550

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to investigate a recently developed instrument for alcoholism severity: The Quantitative Inventory of Alcohol Disorders (QIAD). The primary intention was to demonstrate the reliability and validity of the QIAD as a diagnostic tool within the field of alcoholism. A secondary intention was to examine the veracity of alcoholics self-report on the QIAD and other alcohol-related instruments. The subjects for the experimental group were 25 inpatient alcoholics and their spouses. The control group consisted of 21 nonalcoholics and their spouses. All subjects were administered the QIAD, Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST), and the Alcohol Severity Rating Scale (ASRS). The alcoholics and partners were given the same tests 5 to 8 days after initial testing. The primary therapists for the alcoholics were asked to rate alcoholism severity for each subject using the ASRS. Pearson product moment correlation coefficients were used for the test-retest reliability procedure. Alcoholics scores on the QIAD, MAST, and ASRS were compared with their spouses scores using a test-retest procedure. Nonalcoholics scores on these instruments were also compared with their spouses' scores. Construct and concurrent validity for the QIAD were tested through comparison of QIAD scores of the alcoholics with their corresponding scores on the MAST and ASRS.t-Tests were used to determine differences between alcoholics and nonalcoholics on all three scales. The results of this investigation supported the position that the QIAD is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring alcoholism severity. The QIAD correlated highly for both the alcoholics and their spouses. The test-retest procedure revealed a high level of correlation. A significant difference was found between the QIAD scores of the alcoholics and nonalcoholics. Construct validity was demonstrated by significant correlations between the alcoholics QIAD and MAST scores, both measuring the extent of alcoholism. The QIAD demonstrated concurrent validity by significantly correlating with alcoholics ASRS ratings. High correlations bet ween alcoholic and spouse scores on the QIAD supported the hypothesis that inpatient alcoholics can produce valid responses to self-report questionnaires.

ISSN:0095-2990    

DOI:10.3109/00952999809001551

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1988

数据来源: Taylor