摘要:

ObjectivesTo investigate outbreaks of diarrhoeal illness in children attending long‐daycare centres (LDCs), to characterise parasitic, bacterial and viral isolates from the children's faeces and to identify individual and LDC risk factors for diarrhoea.DesignEleven‐month prospective case‐control study of diarrhoeal outbreaks among children in LDCs.Subjects2368 children attending 35 LDCs in the western Sydney area.Main outcome measures: Frequency of diarrhoeal outbreaks, rate of attack and spread to family members; pathogens isolated from stools; and individual and LDC risk factors.ResultsThe overall incidence of diarrhoeal disease was low (0.28 outbreaks per centre per year and 0.056 outbreak‐associated cases per child‐year). Attack rates during outbreaks varied widely (4%—55%; mean, 15%), as did secondary spread rates to family members (1%—15%; mean, 9%). Pathogens were isolated from 7% of symptomatic children and 7% of controls; no outbreak was shown to be caused by a recognised pathogen. Children with outbreak‐associated diarrhoeal illness were more likely to have suffered vomiting, poor appetite, lack of energy, fever and to have taken antibiotics in the previous week than other children. Hygiene practices varied widely among centres.ConclusionsWe found low incidence and morbidity from diarrhoeal illness in Australian urban LDCs. Diarrhoea in children in LDCs may be caused predominantly by non‐infectious factors such as diet and antibiotic exposure. Current hygiene measures in LDCs seem adequate to prevent and contain outbreaks of infectious diarrhoea.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb127962.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Australian values have not changed on the fundamental question of charging for donated human tissue

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb127963.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb127964.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Clinical practice guidelines are relevant only if they are developed and regularly updated by practising doctors

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb127965.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The establishment of a National Suicide Prevention Centre is proposed

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb127966.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

More attention to the psychiatric needs of patients with somatisation could improve their functioning and reduce health costs

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb127967.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb127969.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb127971.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The elderly are at higher risk of adverse reactions from non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including those due to drug interactions, than younger people. Before prescribing oral NSAIDs in the elderly, the clinician should consider other forms of therapy and topical NSAIDs. When an oral NSAID is used, the dose should be minimised and the need for treatment reviewed periodically to reduce duration of therapy. NSAIDs with a high risk of toxicity (such as phenylbutazone, salicylates, piroxicam and indomethacin) should be avoided in the elderly.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb127972.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb127973.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY