ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb122309.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb94102.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractObjective:To determine the prevalence of human hydatidosis in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory.Methods:Data on human hydatid infection occurring between 1987 and 1992 were collected retrospectively from 25 hospitals and 13 health services in New South Wales and four hospitals in the Australian Capital Territory. Mean annual prevalences of human hydatidosis were determined for shires in eastern New South Wales and data on infection in immigrants and Australian‐born patients were compared.Results:321 patients were diagnosed with hydatid disease, 1987–1992; 195 were new cases and 117 readmissions (nine cases were not identified as new or recurrent). Most patients lived in the eastern half of New South Wales (which includes the Australian Capital Territory), half in rural areas and half in the major coastal cities. Most Australian‐born rural patients lived in 39 shires in the north‐eastern and south‐eastern Tablelands. Sixty per cent of the patients in major cities were born overseas.Conclusions:Hydatid infection occurs more commonly in south‐eastern Australia than the official figures suggest. In rural areas of the north‐eastern and south‐eastern Tablelands hydatid infection is of public health importance. The national notification system must be improved and control campaigns alerting the public to the dangers of hydatid infection promoted.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb94103.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractObjectives:To assess weight and apolipoprotein profiles in a representative sample of primary school children.Participants and setting:1543 children (936 girls and 607 boys) aged 6–11 years from schools in the Eastern Sydney Area Health Service region in 1994.Methods:We measured body mass index (BMI) and capillary blood apolipoprotein (apo) B and A‐l levels (the carrier proteins for low and high density lipoprotein cholesterol, respectively) as well as lipoprotein (Lp) (a). We related BMI levels to those documented in the 1985 Australian Council on Health, Physical Education and Recreation (ACHPER) survey of school children.Results:Compared with the ACHPER distribution, BMI was increased in the boys but not in the girls; 16.8% of boys were above the 90th percentile of the ACHPER distribution (P=0.003) and only 6.5% were below the 10th percentile (P=0.046). There were 45 boys (7.4%) and 53 girls (5.7%) with BMIs above the 95th percentile who were, by definition, obese. They had highly significant increases in apo B(P=0.003) and apo B:apo A‐I ratio (P=0.0001) compared with children in the normal BMI range (10th – 90th percentiles); and 20% of the population, including the obese group, also had Lp(a) levels greater than 300mg/L. The results in children aged 10 and 11 years were not different from those of the whole group, consistent with an absence of possible confounding effects due to early puberty or smoking.Conclusions:There was an increase in weight relative to height in boys aged 6–11 years in eastern Sydney, compared with the 1985 ACHPER survey. In both boys and girls with the highest BMI category, levels of apo B and the apo B: apo A‐l ratio were significantly increased. As these apolipoprotein changes are correlated closely with early onset atherogenesis and are correctable, their identification offers prospects for prevention.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb94104.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Although workers' compensation is supposed to benefit the injured, the doctor's role has shifted away from providing treatment and supportive care.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb94105.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractObjective:To report on the experiences of senior social workers in seeking consent for donation of heart valve tissue at coronial autopsies.Methods:Retrospective review of the records of an allograft heart valve program at a tertiary referral hospital in Brisbane between 11 October 1990 and 11 October 1995.Results:Of the 305 families who could be contacted after the sudden death of a family member, 247 consented to donation (81%) and 58 did not (19%). In the context of coronial enquiries, a sensitive assessment of the counselling needs of potential donor families is necessary. Difficulties in seeking consent include: the sudden nature of the death and lack of information about the prospective donor and his/her family; and the limited time available for tissue retrieval as well as the necessity, in most cases, to obtain consent for donation by telephone. The needs of these families included information on autopsy, transplantation and recipient outcome; grief counselling; emotional and practical support; and recognition of their contribution.Conclusion:In this successful tissue donation program, senior social workers have maximised the availability of heart valve tissue for donation, while respecting the needs and wishes of potential donor families and helping them with their loss through counselling and assistance. The program has been extended to the retrieval of eye and bone tissue at coronial autopsies in Queensland.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb94106.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb94107.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The wide variety of techniques now available to provide analgesia and sedation in children undergoing laceration repair include needle‐free techniques of wound repair, alternative methods of local anaesthetic infiltration, and non‐pharmacological interventions. Knowledge and use of these options will help the practitioner limit a child's distress.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb94108.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb94109.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Is gardening a health hazard?Legionella longbeachae, apotential cause of pneumonia, has been found in Australian potting media. However, further research is needed to determine its clinical relevance in this situation. This did not stop the popular media linking two deaths fromLegionellainfection in Queensland to potting mix exposure.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb94110.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY