ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb120695.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb120696.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb120697.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Mammary serum antigen levels and two‐view xeromammography were evaluated in a study of 97 patients who presented at a specialist breast clinic in a major teaching hospital, in order to determine their single and combined value in the detection of breast cancer. Raised mammary serum antigen levels (greater than 300 inhibition units) were found in 76% of patients with stage‐1 (including carcinoma‐in‐situ) and stage‐II breast cancer compared with 54% of patients whose mammograms were suggestive of cancer (probability of carcinoma, greater than 50%). Four patients with carcinoma‐in‐situhad elevated mammary serum antigen levels, but their mammograms did not suggest the presence of cancer (probability of carcinoma, less than 50%). The over‐all sensitivity, specificity and predictive value of a positive test‐result in detecting breast cancer were 76%, 82% and 72%, respectively, for the mammary serum antigen test, and 54%, 88% and 74%, respectively, for mammography. When the mammary serum antigen test and mammography were used together, a combined evaluation enhanced the sensitivity in the detection of breast cancer (89%) but with a concomitant reduction in specificity (72%). The mammary serum antigen test was superior to mammography in the detection of breast cancer in this study and may prove to be a useful adjunct to conventional methods of clinical assessment and to mammography for the detection of breast cancer.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb120698.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The records of three surgeons in a Sydney suburban practice have been reviewed to compare the histopathological data from breast biopsies with the clinical assessment, and the mammographie and ultrasound reports, and to assess the extent of the delay before presentation to a surgeon to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the three modalities, and whether mammography contributed to this delay. Two hundred and nineteen breast biopsies that were performed in the years 1984 to 1986 inclusive were reviewed. Of these, 72 were cancerous lesions and 147 were benign lesions. The accuracy (true‐positive rate) of mammography for the detection of cancer was 83% with a false‐negative rate of 11%. We found no evidence that mammography contributed significantly to the delay before patients presented to specialist surgeons, nor to any delay before they underwent a biopsy.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb120699.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A cohort of 116 applicants who were assessed by the Bundoora Extended Care Assessment Team during the first six months of 1985 as requiring nursing‐home care was followed‐up in an attempt to detect the clinical characteristics that were associated with a delay in placement. The demographic and clinical features of this cohort are described. By the end of the follow‐up period, 89 applicants had been admitted to nursing homes. The mean time from assessment to placement for this group was 97.1 days. A significant delay in placement was associated with an age of less than 80 years, an inability to speak English, the presence of an indwelling urinary catheter, and the need for assistance with feeding. We concluded that some clinical characteristics had an effect on the time to placement among the nursing‐home applicants who were assessed in the catchment area of our team.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb120700.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

One hundred and fifty‐eight attenders at general practices and family‐planning clinics, and 20 young female doctors volunteered to complete a questionnaire about how women take the oral contraceptive pill, their knowledge of the Pill and their attitudes to withdrawal bleeding. Forty‐three per cent of female patients has used the Pill to alter the time of withdrawal bleeding. Twenty‐two per cent of female patients had taken the Pill daily for more than six weeks on at least one occasion and all reported positive experiences. However, 83% of female patients believed that it was necessary to bleed monthly when taking the Pill and 69% of the female patients believed that continuous use of active medication is undesirable. The overall knowledge of the Pill was poor and 43% of female patients did not know what to do if they missed two consecutive Pills. Female doctors were better informed but had similar attitudes about the Pill to those of other women. Forty‐six per cent of the female patients and 55% of young female doctors would chose to bleed at intervals of three months or greater if they could determine their own Pill regimen.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb120701.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We present an assessment of two blood‐glucose monitoring systems — the Ames Glucostix reagent strips read on the Glucometer II and the Boehringer‐Mannheim BM‐Test‐Glycemie 20‐800 test strips read on the Reflolux II meter. Many nurses in the wards and a technologist in the laboratory assessed the systems. All operators achieved good precision with both systems at various glucose levels, the coefficients of variation for the technologist being less than 8% and those for the nurses being less than 11%. The Boehringer‐Mannheim system gave good agreement with the laboratory values, with a mean bias of +0.14 mmol/L and limits of agreement between ‐1.38 mmol/L and +1.66 mmol/L. The Ames system gave poorer agreement, with a bias of + 0.80 mmol/L and limits of agreement between ‐2.12 mmol/L and + 3.72 mmol/L. Our study shows that both systems are capable of providing clinically‐acceptable results when used by trained personnel. Although it took longer to use, the operators unanimously preferred the Boehringer‐Mannheim system because generally it was easier to handle. This is due to a smaller amount of blood being needed which is easier to apply and to remove from the strip, and the cleaning material is not as likely to be left on the strip. Also, strip insertion is easier and there is sufficient time for this after the removal of blood.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb120702.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Long‐standing confusion about the premalignant significance of benign changes in breast tissue is being resolved. The majority of patients whose breast biopsy sample does not show invasive carcinoma is not at a significantly‐increased risk of developing a breast malignancy. Tissue markers that indicate a risk for invasive carcinoma include atypical hyperplasia and carcinoma‐in‐situbut only a minority of patients with these changes ever develops invasive carcinoma. The implications for patient management are discussed.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb120703.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb120704.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY