ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb117830.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb117831.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb117832.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe identification of risk factors, such as a raised cholesterol level, hypertension, cigarette smoking, and obesity, permits the prediction of the possible development of ischaemic heart disease and has led to attempts at its prevention through modification of these factors. A high risk of developing ischaemic heart disease is also associated with age, specific socioeconomic groups, a family history of ischaemic heart disease, and preexisting evidence of the disease. Preventive strategies have either sought to reduce the average levels of risk in the general population or to identify by population screening individuals or groups who are at particular risk and to reduce their level of risk. Differing methods of risk‐factor identification and modification are appropriate for each of the high‐risk groups. For a number of strategies that are directed at either the whole population or high‐risk groups we have estimated the costs of identification and risk‐factor modification and the probable benefits of undertaking such a strategy. A strategy which educates the whole population by way of the media costs considerably less than does any strategy that involves the identification of individuals at high risk. At a medium cost estimate, with a reduction in risk of only 1%, such an approach costs approximately $8000 per case that is prevented; when risk reduction approaches 3% it actually results in a saving of health‐care expenditure within five years. The costs of the other strategies vary between $12 000 and $26 000 per case that is prevented in a five‐year period.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb117833.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe Western Sydney Health Study is a two‐phase descriptive study that is designed to provide data on the health‐related knowledge, attitudes and behaviour of persons in the Western Metropolitan health region, which has higher‐than‐average death rates of many disorders that are associated with life‐style. In the first phase of the study, 2164 respondents were interviewed in six shopping centres in the region. The prevalence rates of self‐reported cardiovascular disease and diabetes were about twice those that were found in the Australia‐wide National Heart Foundation Risk Factor Prevalence Study in 1983. The prevalence rates of smoking and self‐reported raised blood lipid levels were also high. Doctors and nurses were the main sources of health information, and the media was less important as a source of health information than was found in the Better Health Commission's national survey in 1985. Over 80% of respondents believed that a lowering of the dietary fat intake and an increase in exercise were health‐enhancing behaviours. Given this high level of health knowledge, the major aims for health promotion in the region should be a social change to facilitate choices towards healthy behaviour and the provision of skills to enable individual behavioural changes.(Med J Aust 1988; 148: 277‐280)

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb117834.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn 31 general practices in Adelaide, approximately 100 consecutive adult patients aged 15–64 years completed a 21‐item questionnaire that related to their dissatisfaction with aspects of the care that was provided in the practice. Fourteen of the practices were “solo” practices, five practices were two‐person partnerships and 12 practices involved three or more partners. The 21 items divided naturally into five groups: “architecture”, “receptionists”, “accessibility”, “quality” and “communication”. Factor analysis of the responses provided support for the idea that “receptionists”, “accessibility” and “communication” were independent issues for the respondents and that “quality” was less discrete and was embedded in a factor which we have labelled “mechanics”. For nearly all items, the mean dissatisfaction values for the practices were greatest in the larger practices and least in the two‐person practices, with solo practices occupying an intermediate position. The main dissatisfaction related to accessibility and communication. These issues are explored in the light of current trends in the organization of primary medical care.(Med J Aust 1988; 148: 280‐282)45 North East Road, Collinswood, SA 5081.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb117835.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe national educational programme on the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) caused a dramatic increase in the number of heterosexual persons who presented for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody testing at the Albion Street (AIDS) Centre. There was also a marked increase in the number of intravenous drugs abusers who presented, although the proportion of this high‐risk group that has been tested remains low. There was no increase in the number of homosexual men who presented for testing. The increase in the number of telephone calls that were received by the Centre's AIDS Hotline was due to an interest in HIV‐antibody testing, rather than an interest in information about safer sexual practices. The campaign was seen to have achieved its primary objective, namely, to alert sexually‐active persons of the potential spread of the virus from the high‐risk groups. However, it is clear that future educational campaigns need to target specific high‐risk groups such as intravenous drug abusers.(Med J Aust 1988; 148: 282‐286)

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb117836.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb117837.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb117838.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb117839.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY