ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb103988.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb103989.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb103990.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb103991.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb103992.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The records of 106 patients with tetanus who received treatment in Fairfield Hospital, Melbourne, over a 24‐year period were reviewed. There were 19 deaths, all before 1975, and mortality was highest in patients over 60 years of age. During the second half of the study period, very few young people with tetanus were admitted to hospital, whereas the admission rate of those over 40 years of age was constant. Sixty‐four patients were known not to be immunized; 19 patients had received at least one prior dose of tetanus toxoid. Ninety‐one patients had identifiable injuries, most of which were minor. Medical treatment for an injury was given to 43 patients; 35 of these received tetanus prophylaxis, but only eight received tetanus immunoglobulin. In the last six years of the survey, improved treatment techniques have helped to reduce the mortality from tetanus. The accumulated experience at Fairfield Hospital provides a basis for the proposal that all patients with tetanus in Victoria should be referred to one hospital for management.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb103993.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Twenty‐one patients with non‐insulin‐dependent diabetes, who had not previously received insulin therapy, participated in a double‐blind comparative trial of six months’ duration to evaluate the efficacy of human (semisynthetic) insulin. Patients were allocated at random to treatment either with human (semisynthetic) insulin (10 patients) or with an equivalent porcine insulin regimen (11 patients). Sex ratio, age, body mass index, duration of diabetes, C‐peptide concentrations, baseline metabolic control and initial insulin requirements were similar in both groups. After six months, no significant differences between the treatment effects of human (semisynthetic) insulin and porcine insulin, as assessed by measurements of fasting and postprandial plasma glucose levels, the concentration of glycosylated haemoglobin, serum lipid levels, insulin dose, and body weight, were found. No adverse reactions, injection‐site anomalies, or drug‐related biochemical abnormalities were noted in either group. It was concluded that human (semisynthetic) insulin is as effective as porcine insulin in initiating the treatment of patients with non‐insulin‐dependent diabetes who require insulin therapy.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb103994.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Over the past eight years, 145 patients from Australia and New Zealand were referred to the Department of Chemical Pathology, The Adelaide Children's Hospital, for the prenatal assessment of a variety of lysosomal storage diseases. This group comprised 65 patients at risk for a glycosphingolipidosis, 50 for a mucopolysaccharidosis, five for mucolipidosis, 15 for glycogen storage disease, and 10 for cystinosis. In three cases, amniotic cells failed to establish in culture; in one of these cases, cell‐free amniotic fluid was used to make the prenatal diagnosis; the fetus spontaneously aborted in another; only in one case could the prenatal assessment not be completed. Of the 143 cases of successful assessment, 40 fetuses (28%) were predicted to be homozygous affected by the disease for which they were at risk, and 38 pregnancies were subsequently terminated. Follow‐up biochemical tests in the affected fetuses and in the newborn children were performed in 82% of cases and confirmed the prenatal assessment to have been correct in all cases. There were no known false positive or false negative diagnoses. It is concluded that the prenatal diagnosis of a range of lysosomal storage diseases can be performed accurately and reliably, provided that cultured amniotic cells are used for enzymatic assay and that a strict protocol, related to each individual prenatal assessment, is followed.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb103995.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Death as a result of a bee sting is uncommon in Australia. During the 22 years from 1960 to 1981, 25 individuals have been recorded by the Australian Bureau of Statistics as having died shortly after a bee sting. This gives a mortality incidence of 0.086/1 000 000 population per year, but may be an underestimate, as we report two additional fatalities that did not appear in the records of the Bureau of Statistics. South Australia has the highest mortality rate from bee stings of all the Australian States, with a recorded fatality rate of 0.26/1 000 000 population per year. As in other surveys, fatalities occur predominantly in men over 40 years of age, which suggests that there may be other contributory risk factors, for example, coronary atherosclerosis. No deaths were reported in individuals aged from six to 19 years, the age group in which bee‐sting anaphylaxis is particularly common. It thus appears that the prevention of death per se is not a strong rationale for routine bee‐venom immunotherapy in schoolchildren and young adults.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb103996.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A prospective study of the incidence and clinical significance of Staphylococcus aureus isolations in patients undergoing surgery in a 600‐bed hospital has disclosed that methicillin‐sensitive organisms are more likely to be associated with severe infections (36%) than methicillin‐resistant organisms (26%), and that resistant organisms are present as a colonization more often (54%) than sensitive organisms (42%). However, once a severe infection has become established, that with a methicillin‐resistant organism is associated with an increased length of stay in hospital, and a greater risk of death.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb103997.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY