摘要:

Socioeconomic status has an enormous influence on health and disease patterns. Hitherto only national data have been available for use as norms for the interpretation of apparent clustering of disease and accident patterns (by social class) in Australia. However, the majority of health studies are based at local, city or State level, the patterns of which vary significantly from city to city and from State to State. A specific analysis of the latest available census data, by State, has been undertaken to provide norms, or ‘expected’ figures, for epidemiological and health studies in Australia. Population norms for socioeconomic status ranking, by sex and by State, are presented as reference tables. New national norms, to include the Armed Services, are also presented for the first time.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb132652.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb132588.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb132589.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb132590.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb132591.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Australian‐born men in low‐status occupations have, on average, higher blood pressures than those classified as professional or technical workers, according to the results of a national survey carried out by the National Heart Foundation and the Commonwealth Department of Health, Australia, in 1980. The expected correlations between age, alcohol consumption, body mass, and blood pressure were found. The association between occupation and blood pressure persisted after statistical adjustments for differences in age, obesity, and self‐reported alcohol consumption. Though small, the differences in group averages are statistically significant, and suggest the potential for differences of cardiovascular morbidity for workers in different occupations. These findings are consistent with similar gradients in occupational mortality reported in Australia and elsewhere. It is likely that these effects are related to work, both through neuroendocrine stress mechanisms associated with certain job characteristics and through job‐determined adverse health‐related behaviour. The public health and preventive significance of such associations is stressed.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb132592.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

During the dengue epidemic in northern Queensland in 1981 and 1982, type I dengue was serologically confirmed in 196 patients (mean age, 32.2 years) from the Cairns district. The most common symptoms were fever (99%), headache (92%), rash (91%), myalgia (93%), skin itching (75%) and arthralgia (60%). Haemorrhagic manifestations were noted in 14 patients. Most only showed skin petechiae. One patient also had bleeding from the gastrointestinal and urinary tracts. No cases of shock were recorded. Leucopenia was present in 57% of patients. A discussion on the relevance of these findings to dengue haemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome is included. A serological survey after the epidemic suggests that approximately 7% of the population have antibodies to dengue as a result of the recent epidemic.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb132593.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Survival figures over a five‐year period of low‐birthweight infants (2000 g or less at birth) in two intensive care nurseries in Rockhampton, Queensland, are presented. The units were level 2 nurseries with some level 3 amenities. All live‐born infants born in Rockhampton and infants retrieved from outlying areas were included in the study. The survival rate was nil for infants of less than 501 g at birth, 40% for those weighing between 500 and 751 g, 45% for those weighing 750 to 1001 g, 85% for those weighing 1001 to 1501 g and 91% for those weighing 1500 to 2001 g at birth. These results compare favourably with those for some level 3 intensive‐care units.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb132594.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The results of a study to investigate whether influenza vaccination produces symptoms or exacerbations in adults with asthma are reported. Twenty‐eight subjects with asthma were followed up over three‐week periods, during which they received both influenza vaccinations and placebo injections. Subjective assessment of asthma symptoms and objective assessment of bronchoconstriction by means of peak expiratory flow rate measurements were carried out each day. No evidence for the asthmagenicity of influenza vaccination was found. The relevance of this finding in the assessment of patients for influenza vaccination is discussed.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb132595.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A review of 28 cases of biopsy‐proven lupus nephritis seen in Prince Henry's Hospital, Melbourne, in the last 12 years from 1971 to 1982 is reported. The mean follow‐up period was 51 months. Renal histopathological changes were categorized according to the WHO classification of lupus nephritis. The majority of our patient population fell into two of the seven possible histological subgroups – Class IV (diffuse proliferative) disease (53.6%) and Class IIb (mesangial proliferative) disease (28.5%). Treatment with prednisolone alone or with a prednisolone/azathioprine combination resulted in an equal five‐year survival (82%) and a similar overall preservation of renal function. The major single cause of death was opportunistic infection (60%). Despite overrepresentation of the more severe forms of lupus nephritis in a nephrology‐unit population, there was a satisfactory outcome from therapy with either prednisolone alone or with a prenisolone/azathioprine combination. However, there were significant rates of morbidity and death associated with immunosuppressive therapy, primarily from opportunistic infection.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb132596.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY