ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1991.tb121016.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1991.tb121017.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1991.tb121018.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1991.tb121019.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1991.tb121020.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Paediatric drownings in New South Wales during the years 1987‐1990 are reviewed to document the current pattern. Over these three years we have registered 250 paediatric deaths by physical injury. Sixty‐one (24%) of these deaths were by drowning. Twenty‐nine of the 61 drownings (47%) occurred in domestic pools; 25 of these were in unfenced or inadequately fenced pools. Of the remaining four cases, one was associated with a chair being used to gain access and the other three remain unexplained. Thirty‐three of the 61 drownings occurred in country areas; of these 10 were in pools, eight in rivers or creeks, six in boating accidents, four in the surf and three in dams. A changing trend identified by this study is the increasing percentage of drownings (44%) occurring in nominally “fenced” pools in which the fencing was not functioning because the gate was open or the fencing was in disrepair. Legislation must be supported by public education and council inspection if the full benefit of isolation fencing is to be realised. With respect to all drownings there is a continuing need for education about the dangers that bodies of water, even in the bath or a bucket, pose to young children, and the need for parents to strive for optimal supervision.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1991.tb121021.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

As a result of a desire amongst the hospital staff to improve the management of dying children and their families, a four person subcommittee was appointed to investigate this area of care. Nineteen persons were interviewed (15 hospital liIfaff members and four parents) and 12 written sub missioris were received (10from staff and two from parents) over a 10week period. An analysis of one year's deaths of Adelaide Children's Hospital patients showed that most took placein the hospital and a bout one in five were at home. Nearly'60% occurred in childrenaged0‐5years,15%in thoseaged 6‐10 years, 15%in those aged 11‐15 years, and13%in children age dmore than 15years. The four commonest causes of death were: cancer (27%), congenital abnormalities (19%),suddeninfant death syndrome(5105) (16%), and trauma (11%). Sudden unexpected deaths are most common, particularly for infants. Recommendations included improved privacy for families and friends; more sensitive body viewing, mortuary, autopsy and funeral arrangements; and better in‐service education for staff and information giving for families. Areas of insufficient staff support were identified and the appointment of a specialistpalliaflve care clinical nurse consultant was proposed. Stronger links with palliative andhospiCe care teams, general practitioners and community nurses were suggested. Addressing the issues of living and dying, and working through the stages of grief are integral parts of long term clinical care. The need for good continuity of psychosocial support was a recurring theme. More awareness of the availability of the specialised pain relief service was required. Ethical issues should be addressed as part of the general development of education and information services. The I advantages and limitations of the enquiry are discussed and the model is proposed as a potentially useful one for both paediatric and adult palliative care and hospice care service development.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1991.tb121022.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Serum levels of total and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and apolipoproteins Aland B were measured in over 600 men and women aged 30‐69 years who were selected at random from an Australian community. Total cholesterol and apolipoprotein Aland B levels increased with age, with this effect being most pronounced for total cholesterol and apolipoproteln B in women. Body mass index and waist‐to‐hip ratio were positively correlated with apolipoprotein B and total cholesterol levels, and negatively correlated with apolipoprote in A1 and HDL cholesterol levels. All lipid and apolipoprote in A1 levels increased with the quantity of alcohol consumed. After adjusting for age, body mass index and smoking, the association with alcohol was strongest for apolipoprote in A1 and HDL cholesterol levels in men (P=0.0001), and for apolipoprote in A1 levels In women (P=O.Ol). Levels of apolipoprote in Aland HDL cholesterol were lower, and of apolipoprotein B and total cholesterol were higher, in current cigarette smokers than non‐smokers, with significant associations for apolipoprote in B (P=0.004) and HDL cholesterol levels (P=0.04) In men. In general, the associations between apolipoprote in A1 levels and the other variables were weaker than those for HDLcholesterol levels, whereas the associations with apolipoprote in B levels were stronger than those for total cholesterol levels (except for alcohol consumption). Thus, obesity, alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking should be considered when interpreting apolipoprote in levels.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1991.tb121023.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Gonorrhoea is a sexually transmissible disease (STO) characteristic of a core group of Individuals and their contacts. From the experience of a Sydney STOclinic, as well as local and national population‐based reports, trends in heterosexually acquired gonorrhoea in Australia over a decade were examined. An overall decline of 90% in case numbers between 1981 and 1989 was found, with an average yearly decline of 30%. The Improved compliance with condom use by Sydney prostitutes and their clients could have been a major factor. This occurred in an environment of peer and public education about AIOS and the decrimlnallsation of prostitution. Improved health professional training and public access to specialist STO services against a background of demographic changes may also have contributed. However a persistent “seeding” of enicillinase‐producing strains of gonorrhoea from Southeast Asia through men not using condoms was detected. These data have potential implications for the Importation of heterosexually acquired human immunodefi‐ ciency virus infection into Australia.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1991.tb121024.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Seven children who presented during the influenza A(H1N1) epidemic of 1988 are described. After a typical influenzal illness, they developed haematemesis of varying severity. Endoscopy revealed haemorrhaglc gastritis. Laboratory evidence of influenza A(H1N1) virus infection was present. Two children died as a result of their illness. The association of virus and gastrointestinal haemorrhage is explored.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1991.tb121025.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1991

数据来源: WILEY