ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb125013.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In the era of evidence‐based medicine, the time has come for rigorous evaluation of laparoscopic surgery

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb125014.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Australian organ donation rates are among the lowest in the Western world

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb125015.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The rising prevalence of asthma may be due to a loss of protective factors, such as infection, as well as to increases in risk factors

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb125016.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ObjectivesTo determine the predictive value of clinical and laboratory parameters for maternal and fetal complications in pregnant women with hypertension.DesignProspective data collection.SettingTwo primary referral hospitals in the southern suburbs of Sydney between March 1987 and July 1994.Subjects1183 pregnant women with hypertension managed conjointly by a physician and obstetrician.InterventionUniform management protocol, plus antihypertensive medications if systolic blood pressure was persistently90 mmHg.Main outcome measuresMaternal and fetal complications, as defined by the Australasian Society for the Study of Hypertension in Pregnancy Consensus Statement.ResultsOf 825 women with pre‐eclampsia (502 mild; 323 severe), univariate analysis showed that hyperuricaemia, proteinuria and severe hypertension were significantly associated with a higher rate of maternal and fetal complications. In multivariate analyses without confounders, only primiparity, low serum albumin levels and absence of diabetes were significantly associated with severe pre‐eclampsia. Severe pre‐eclampsia, high haemoglobin levels and low platelet count were associated with higher rates of small‐for‐gestational‐age babies, but only low serum albumin levels were associated with increased perinatal mortality rates. Low birthweight was associated with severe hypertension and severe pre‐eclampsia.ConclusionsSimple clinical and laboratory parameters are useful predictors for maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnancies complicated by hypertension.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb125017.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ObjectiveTo evaluate the accuracy of ultrasound measurement of nuchal thickness in first trimester fetuses for predicting fetal karyotype.DesignA prospective study of the nuchal thickness of fetuses measured during an ultrasound examination in all women undergoing first trimester chorionic villus sampling (CVS).SettingTwo major public hospitals and two associated private practices between 7 September 1993 and 6 September 1994.ParticipantsPregnant women with various indications for CVS (in 82% because of maternal age).Results1306 women underwent CVS, including 11 with twin pregnancies: 1317 fetuses were tested. Karyotype results were obtained for 1312 fetuses: 41 (3.1%) had an abnormal karyotype, and 20 of these (49%) had a nuchal thickness measurement of 3 mm or more, compared with 44 (3.5%) of the 1271 fetuses with a normal karyotype. Of the 21 fetuses shown to have trisomy 21,12 would have been detected if a nuchal thickness of 3 mm or more had been used as an indicator, giving a sensitivity of 57%. Nuchal thickness measurements of 1 or 2 mm excluded trisomy 21 with a negative predictive value of 99.3%. Fetuses with moderate nuchal thickening, normal karyotype and no other problems noted on the initial ultrasound scan had neonatal outcomes similar to those in the general obstetric population.ConclusionNuchal thickening in the first trimester (10 weeks on) of pregnancy in a high risk population is a powerful indicator of increased risk of aneuploidy.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb125018.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of hepatitis G virus (HGV) carriage in Queensland blood donors.DesignCross‐sectional survey with retrospective longitudinal study of HGV‐positive donors.SettingBrisbane Red Cross Blood Bank, 1995.Subjects100 consecutive blood donors attending the Blood Bank on two days in October 1995 and 20 blood donors with a raised plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level on their last donation.Outcome measuresPresence of HGV RNA by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) in currently donated blood and in blood samples archived for up to 34 months. RT‐PCR used two different reverse transcription methods and three different specific sets of primers and probes.ResultsFive of the 120 blood donors were positive for HGV RNA by all RT‐PCR methods (four of the 100 with normal ALT levels [4%] and one of the 20 with raised ALT levels [5%]). Retrospective testing of archived samples showed that four of these five had been persistently HGV RNA‐positive for at least two years, while the fifth had been HGV RNA‐negative on two donations before becoming HGV RNA‐positive. No risk factors were identified for this donor.ConclusionsA relatively large number of Queensland blood donors (4%) are persistently HGV RNA‐positive.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb125019.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb125020.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Two months after laparoscopic cholecystectomy, a 54‐year‐old man presented for medical care with cholelithoptysis (the coughing up of gallstones). This rare complication was managed without a further operation. Possible mechanisms and preventive measures are discussed.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb125021.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Australian National Liver Transplantation Unit carried out 251 multiple organ‐retrieval procedures between January 1986 and December 1994:53% were in the Sydney metropolitan area, 22% in country New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory, 21% interstate and 4% in New Zealand; mean total procurement times were, respectively, 4 hours 57 minutes, 6 hours 58 minutes, 9 hours 20 minutes and 12 hours 20 minutes. Donor operation times steadily decreased over the nine years. One‐year patient and graft survival rates were 77.1 % and 70.3%,respectively; primary non‐function occurred in only one case. The importance of coordination of donor organ procurement and efficient organ retrieval to the success of transplantation programs is discussed.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb125022.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY