ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb124879.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The general practitioner can do much to manage incontinence and to promote continence

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb124880.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Laboratories need to monitor and improve their procedures to ensure that they always deliver the correct test results for the correct patient to the correct doctor

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb124881.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Community health programs are critical to containing the renal disease epidemic

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb124882.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ObjectiveTo measure transcription and analytical errors made by Australian chemical pathology laboratories.DesignRetrospective data collection covering the period 1 November 1993 to 1 April 1994.Setting and participantsFourteen pathology laboratories in five Australian States (seven in the public sector, and seven in the private sector).Main outcome measuresError rates in transcribing information from request forms to computer record systems, and laboratory performance on chemical analysis.ResultsPathology laboratories had a transcription‐error rate of up to 39% and an error rate of up to 26% for analytical results. The worst‐performing laboratory had errors (of patient identification or results of analysis) in 46% of requests. The three best‐performing laboratories achieved 85% error‐free reporting, with one achieving 95%.ConclusionsError rates in Australian pathology laboratories vary widely, but may be as high as 46% for all specimens in some laboratories. The types of errors reported were under the control of the laboratory, and would affect the accuracy of reported pathology test results, with potential adverse outcomes for patient care and inefficient use of health‐care resources. There is a need to establish broader quality assurance programs and performance requirements to reduce these types of error.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb124883.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb124884.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ObjectivesTo assess general practitioners' (GPs') perceptions of barriers in the health care system that hinder provision of effective adolescent health care; and to assess the training needs of GPs for a future education program in adolescent health issues.DesignRetrospective questionnaire survey.MethodsA 66‐item questionnaire was mailed during May and June 1995 to a random stratified sample of 997 rural and urban Victorian GPs. A Practice Assessment Task enabling respondents to fulfil Royal Australian College of General Practitioners' quality assurance requirements was mailed on return of completed questionnaires if requested.ResultsThe response rate was 72.4%. After adjusting for stratified sampling, 7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 73%‐81%) of respondents favoured individual Medicare cards for adolescents from the age of 16. Thirty‐eight per cent (95% CI, 34%‐43%) were less willing to charge for longer consultations because they feared Health Insurance Commission (HIC) investigation. Most respondents indicated that their undergraduate training in adolescent mental health issues was inadequate and 64% (95% CI, 61%‐68%) found it difficult to obtain advice about complex mental health problems. An interest in continuing medical education in adolescent health issues was expressed by 82% (95% CI, 79%‐86%) of respondents.ConclusionsIndividual Medicare cards should be automatically issued to adolescents from the age of 16 to improve their ability to access health care. Revision of the Medicare rebate system and clarification of HIC's investigative functions may improve GPs' effectiveness in adolescent consultations. Undergraduate medical and GP training should include curriculum relevant to adolescent health care.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb124885.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ObjectiveTo report the circumstances of paediatric bus related deaths and injuries in New South Wales (NSW) to identify preventable factors.DesignRetrospective survey using two surveillance systems ‐ the NSW Paediatric Death Review Database and the Childsafe Injury Surveillance System.PatientsChildren (0‐14 years of age) who died or were injured as a result of a school bus related incident.ResultsTwenty‐two deaths and 58 injuries were recorded. Three of the children who died were passengers (two deaths were due to errant behaviour), two were alighting from the bus (bus door entrapment) and 17 (77%) were pedestrians crossing the road before or as the bus departed. The major causes of death were head injury and blood loss. Seventeen of the injured children were pedestrians and most (82%) of these sustained serious injury requiring admission to hospital.ConclusionsThe greatest risk to schoolchildren from bus related injuries was as pedestrians after alighting from a bus, especially when moving behind the bus. Preventable factors include slowing of traffic (40kph) near stationary school buses, and parents waiting on the side of the road where the child alights from the bus. Continuing road safety education remains important for schoolchildren and parents

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb124886.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A three‐month‐old boy and an eight‐month‐old boy died from accidental positional asphyxia and hanging, respectively, after being placed to sleep unsupervised in stroller‐prams. Both infants had moved down towards the fronts of the stroller‐prams. The younger infant fell out when the footplate collapsed and he was found hanging from a metal bar on the side. The older infant had partly slipped through the front and was suspended with his head and arms within the stroller‐ pram and with his face pushed firmly into the mattress by a horizontal metal bar. Stroller‐prams are a potentially dangerous sleeping environment unless infants are closely supervised, gaps in the front of stroller‐prams closed and upright footplates stabilised.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb124887.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Many people with HIV use complementary or alternative therapies, often without the knowledge of their doctors. To encourage open communication with their patients, doctors need to be aware of what complementary therapies are available and willing to discuss their use. They are then in a better position to defend their patients against exploitation or unsafe treatment.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1996.tb124888.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY