|
1. |
A smoke‐free Australia — our bicentenary resolution? |
|
Medical Journal of Australia,
Volume 149,
Issue 1,
1988,
Page 1-2
Bruce K. Armstrong,
Michael M. Daube,
Ruth E. Shean,
Preview
|
PDF (300KB)
|
|
ISSN:0025-729X
DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb120471.x
出版商:Wiley
年代:1988
数据来源: WILEY
|
2. |
How do we know what Australians eat? |
|
Medical Journal of Australia,
Volume 149,
Issue 1,
1988,
Page 2-4
A. Stewart Truswell,
Preview
|
PDF (449KB)
|
|
ISSN:0025-729X
DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb120472.x
出版商:Wiley
年代:1988
数据来源: WILEY
|
3. |
Paediatric cadaveric renal transplantation: 25 years'; experience |
|
Medical Journal of Australia,
Volume 149,
Issue 1,
1988,
Page 4-5
Rowan G. Walker,
Anthony J.F. D'Apice,
Harley R. Powell,
David M.A. Francis,
Priscilla Kincaid‐Smith,
Preview
|
PDF (287KB)
|
|
ISSN:0025-729X
DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb120473.x
出版商:Wiley
年代:1988
数据来源: WILEY
|
4. |
Australian patterns of tobacco smoking in 1986 |
|
Medical Journal of Australia,
Volume 149,
Issue 1,
1988,
Page 6-10
David J. Hill,
Preview
|
PDF (2614KB)
|
|
摘要:
A total of 9440 Australian men and women of over 15 years of age was interviewed at home in 1986 to determine the prevalence and consumption levels of tobacco products. Current smokers were defined as those who smoked any combination of cigarettes, cigars or pipes regularly. The percentage of current smokers among men was 32.9% and among women was 28.5%, and the peak prevalence of smoking was in the age‐ group 20‐24 years for both men (40.5%) and women (40.8%). Among men, 27.7% were past smokers, and among women, 16.5% were past smokers. The proportion of past smokers among those who had ever smoked was higher in men (0.46) than among women (0.37), but in the younger age groups there was no relative excess among men. Male smokers consumed more cigarettes per day than did female smokers and men were exposed to a higher daily average amount of cigarette tar. Sociodemographic variables that were associated with smoking in both men and women included age and educational and occupational level. Asian‐born persons had a significantly lower prevalence of smoking than did persons who were born in Australia.
ISSN:0025-729X
DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb120474.x
出版商:Wiley
年代:1988
数据来源: WILEY
|
5. |
Measures of tobacco smoking in Australia 1974‐1986 by means of a standard method |
|
Medical Journal of Australia,
Volume 149,
Issue 1,
1988,
Page 10-12
David J. Hill,
Victoria M. White,
Nigel J. Gray,
Preview
|
PDF (378KB)
|
|
摘要:
Trends in smoking among Australian adults as based upon surveys with a standard method in 1974, 1976, 1980, 1983 and 1986 are presented. The percentage of male cigarette smokers fell from 42.2% in 1974 to 31.9% in 1986 and the percentage of female smokers was 29.5% in 1974 and 28.8% in 1986. Over the period of observation, the percentage of past smokers of both sexes climbed steadily and, in 1986, reached 28.1% of men and 16.8% of women.
ISSN:0025-729X
DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb120475.x
出版商:Wiley
年代:1988
数据来源: WILEY
|
6. |
The Victorian Nutrition Survey — intakes and sources of dietary fats and cholesterol in the Victorian population |
|
Medical Journal of Australia,
Volume 149,
Issue 1,
1988,
Page 12-20
Katrine I. Baghurst,
David A. Crawford,
Anthony Worsley,
Sally J. Record,
Preview
|
PDF (6303KB)
|
|
摘要:
A random State‐wide nutrition survey of the population of Victoria that was carried out in late 1985 demonstrated that the total fat and saturated fat intake of Australians had changed little since studies that were carried out in the 1970s. However, since that time, there has been a considerable increase in the contribution of polyunsaturated fats with a consequent improvement in the polyunsaturated‐to‐saturated fatty‐acid ratio in the diet. The survey was carried out by means of a postal technique and a semiquantified food‐frequency questionnaire which allows for the characterization of usual dietary intake in individuals. The survey served to highlight the value of collecting nutrient, food and food‐habits data in the same individuals and demonstrated that relatively cost‐effective surveys of this type make feasible the regular continuing surveillance of the usual nutrient intakes of large numbers of individuals.
ISSN:0025-729X
DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb120476.x
出版商:Wiley
年代:1988
数据来源: WILEY
|
7. |
Neonatal screening and an intensive management programme for galactosaemia: early evidence of benefits |
|
Medical Journal of Australia,
Volume 149,
Issue 1,
1988,
Page 21-25
Alan Hayes,
Francis C. Bowling,
David Fraser,
Helen L. Krimmer,
Alison Marrinan,
Alan E. Clague,
Preview
|
PDF (1511KB)
|
|
摘要:
A prospective study of children with galactosaemia is being undertaken at the Metabolic Clinic, Royal Children's Hospital, Brisbane. The purpose of the study is to collect biochemical, clinical, dietary, developmental and speech and language data. This paper describes the operation of the multiprofessional management programme and reports results for two groups of children: those who were diagnosed before the introduction of neonatal screening in 1982 (the prescreening group) and those who were identified by screening. The eight children in the prescreening group have shown intellectual development in the low‐average to moderately‐ handicapped range. Most of them have speech and language difficulties. The screening group, all of whom are still in infancy or early childhood, appears to be developing normally, with the exception of one child who is showing problems with speech and language. The early results provide a basis for cautious optimism that neonatal screening and careful management will result in improved outcomes for children with galactosaemia.
ISSN:0025-729X
DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb120477.x
出版商:Wiley
年代:1988
数据来源: WILEY
|
8. |
Books Received |
|
Medical Journal of Australia,
Volume 149,
Issue 1,
1988,
Page 25-25
Preview
|
PDF (169KB)
|
|
ISSN:0025-729X
DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb120478.x
出版商:Wiley
年代:1988
数据来源: WILEY
|
9. |
Current management of liver hydatid cysts: results of a 10‐year study |
|
Medical Journal of Australia,
Volume 149,
Issue 1,
1988,
Page 26-30
Gabriel A. Kune,
Robyn Schellenberger,
Preview
|
PDF (2006KB)
|
|
摘要:
During the 10‐year period July 1977 to June 1987, 23 patients were referred to one surgical department with hepatic hydatid cysts. Accurate diagnosis in all but one case was possible by hydatid serology (hydatid immunoelectrophoresis and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay), and ultrasonography or computed tomography which showed the presence of daughter cysts. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography demonstrated the presence of hepatic‐duct hydatid cysts in one case. The probable source of the hydatid infection was identified in all 23 cases. The surgical management was standardized and included the use of a suction cone to prevent spillage; the closure of biliary communications under vision; 0.5% silver nitrate solution as the scolicidal agent; primary closure of the residual cavity without drainage; omentoplasty for infected cysts; and bile‐duct exploration and operative choledochoscopy for choledochal hydatid cysts. Two hepatic wedge resections were performed for hydatid cysts in a Riedel's lobe, but formal liver resection, in which normal liver tissue was sacrificed, was not necessary. There was no mortality and there were no postsurgical hepatobiliary complications such as biliary fistulas, biliary sepsis or jaundice. Three (13%) recurrences were recognized; all three recurrences occurred about five years after the removal of hydatid cysts with numerous daughter cysts, which were located in multiple cavities in both lobes of the liver. Postsurgical surveillance for several years by annual clinical review, hydatid immunoelectrophoresis testing and ultrasonography is recommended.
ISSN:0025-729X
DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb120479.x
出版商:Wiley
年代:1988
数据来源: WILEY
|
10. |
Current perspectives in the study of human mitochondriopathies |
|
Medical Journal of Australia,
Volume 149,
Issue 1,
1988,
Page 30-33
Edward Byrne,
Sangot Marzuki,
Xenia Dennett,
Preview
|
PDF (2943KB)
|
|
摘要:
Recent advances in the study of human mitochondriopathies are discussed, and the impact that modern molecular‐biology techniques are likely to have on the understanding of both the disease mechanisms and the basic mechanisms of mitochondrial assembly are reviewed.
ISSN:0025-729X
DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb120480.x
出版商:Wiley
年代:1988
数据来源: WILEY
|
|