ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb126073.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb126074.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The relationship between asthma and allergic sensitisation may not be a direct causal one

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb126075.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Doctors who are most successful at working with adolescents are those who can tolerate and enjoy growth and change

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb126076.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Coalmine safety is improving but workers' compensation claims are high and new technology may introduce new hazards

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb126077.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Accurate non‐alarmist information is needed to increase public and medical awareness of this illness and promote early diagnosis

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb126078.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ObjectiveTo determine the outcome to five years of age of liveborn children born at 24‐26 weeks' gestation.DesignRegional cohort study of preterm children.SubjectsConsecutive children liveborn at 24‐26 weeks' gestation in Victoria from 1 January 1985 to 31 December 1987. Main outcome measures: Survival rates and rates of sensorineural impairment and disability at five years of age.Results95 of 316 (30.1%) children survived to five years; survival rates increased with gestational age. 94 children (99%) were assessed at five or more years of age, corrected for prematurity. Twelve children had some form of cerebral palsy, causing a severe disability in only one. Two children required hearing aids for sensorineural deafness, five had bilateral blindness, and four were too disabled for intelligence quotient measurement. Overall, ensorineural disability was severe in seven (7.4%), moderate in seven (7.4%), mild in 23 (24.5%), and nil in 57 (60.6%) of children assessed. There was no trend to increasing disab ility with lower gestational age.ConclusionsThe sensorineural outcome for this cohort is mostly favourable, and is better than that reported from some contemporaneous regional cohorts born in other parts of the world. The rates of sensorineural impairments, such as blindness and ce rebral palsy, are higher than in non‐preterrn children but are not inordinately high, and most have no sensorineural impairment or disability.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb126079.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb126080.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ObjectivesTo assess general practitioners' (GPs') views of adole cents as a discrete patient group with specific developmental health c are needs; to document GPs' perceived knowledge of and competence in adolescent health care; and to clarify the barrier GPs perceive to effective delivery of such care.DesignQualitative research.MethodsStratified sampling generated a sample of 57 GPs from rural and urban divisions of general practice. Focus group discussions and in dividual interviews were recorded and transcripts were analysed.ResultsThirty‐three GPs (62%) reported that adolescents made up 10% or more of their weekly consultations. Although 10 GPs defined adolescents by developmental criteria, 47 had an incomplete understanding of the developmental aspects of adole cence. Most GPs (43) had some concern about their knowledge of and competence in delivering adolescent health care and 52 stated that they had had little or no formal training in adolescent health. The participants perceived a range of barrier to effective health care provision, including issues of confidentiality, communication and cost.ConclusionsChanges are needed in the Medicare card and rebate systems to en ure improved access to affordable, confidential care for adolescent . Our re ults also support the incorporation of important adolescent health care issues in undergraduate and postgraduate medical training.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb126081.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ObjectiveTo study the mortality of coalminers in 1 ew South Wales (SW) between 1973 and 1992.Design and participantsAn inception cohort of all male coal industry employees who entered the industry between 1 January 1973 and 31 December 1992 wa constructed from the records of Joint Coal Board medical examinations. This cohort was matched with the SW Death Register to determine the number and causes of deaths in cohort members.ResultsThe cohort consisted of23 630 men; 491 died during the study period. The standardised mortality ratio (SMR) for all causes of death was 0.76; that is, after age correction, coalminers have a 24% lower mortality than the general SW population. Deaths from cancer were lower than expected, and there was a 27% lower mortality from respiratory disease. However, a substantial excess of non‐motor‐vehicle accidents (SMR, 1.60) was found. Most of these deaths can be attributed to occupation, and some to specific incidents. These excess death rates are confined to underground miners; open cut miners have a substantially lower rate than the general population.ConclusionsA “healthy worker” effect may explain the lower overall mortality. Although “black lung” is no longer a problem, accidents are still common in underground coalmining. The major expansion of open cut mining in recent years has improved the situation.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1995.tb126082.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY