ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb108219.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb108220.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb108221.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The vitamin D status of women with femoral neck fractures and of male and female nursing‐home residents in South Australia was assessed and compared with that of ambulant normal elderly women and young male and female controls. Serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (250HD) was assayed with a competitive protein‐binding method including a chromatography step. The mean serum 250HD levels in the patients with femoral neck fractures (39.2 [SE 2.6] nmol/L) and in the nursing‐home residents (28.9 [SE 1.3]nmol/L) were significantly lower than those in the ambulant elderly women (67.6 [SE 3.9] nmol/L) and young controls (76.9 [SE 3.7]nmol/L) (P<0.001 in each case). The serum 250HD levels were unrelated to age in the normal ambulant subjects. There was a significant seasonal variation in the results of routine 250HD assays performed in our laboratory, but no such variation was seen in the nursing‐home residents. We conclude that vitamin D deficiency is common in housebound subjects, and that femoral neck fractures occur mainly in subjects who were housebound before the fracture.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb108222.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The antihypertensive action of prazosin and propranolol, as well their effect on serum lipid levels, were evaluated in a crossover study in 20 men with untreated mild to moderate hypertension in a general practice environment. Both prazosin (7.5 ± 0.5 mg/day) and propranolol (270 ± 26 mg/day) produced a similar reduction in blood pressure over an eight‐week period. The administration of propranolol also led to a reduction of the mean fasting high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration by 10.5% (P<0.01) and this effect was dose‐related (r= ‐0.414;P<0.05). Prazosin treatment produced no changes either in the total or in the high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, but led to a reduction of the total triglyceride levels by 9.5% (P<0.05). These results suggest that the value of blood pressure reduction produced by high doses of beta‐adrenoceptor blocking agents, such as propranolol, may be diminished by a potentially adverse effect of these agents on serum lipid levels. Conversely, alpha‐adrenoceptor blocking agents may confer an added benefit in the treatment of hypertension.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb108223.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The antinausea drug combination, doxylamine/dicyclomine/pyridoxine (Debendox or Bendectin [US]), has been withdrawn from the market because of litigation based upon charges that it causes congenital limb defects. To investigate this allegation, the pregnancy histories of mothers of 155 limb‐deficient children, born between 1970 and 1981, have been compared with those of mothers of 273 matched normal controls. There was no significant difference between the pregnancy histories of mothers of case children and those of mothers of control children in respect of reported frequency of morning sickness, the use of doxylamine/dicyclomine/pyridoxine, the date of commencement of its intake, the duration of intake, or its dose. The relative risk of limb deficiency in children of mothers exposed to this drug is estimated to be 1.1 with confidence limits of 0.8‐1.5. No risk of congenital limb defects was found to be associated with the use of this drug.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb108224.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Skin infections are a common cause of morbidity in children, particularly in tropical areas. Cultures from such lesions often grow both penicillin‐resistant staphylococci and penicillin‐sensitive streptococci. In a controlled trial of the treatment of septic skin lesions in 227 paediatric outpatients at Goroka Hospital, sequential analysis of the response to treatment showed that washing plus the intramuscular administration of procaine penicillin was more effective than washing plus placebo (P<0.05) after the 25th preference had been decided. When the amount of healing in the two groups was compared, washing plus penicillin was again more effective than washing plus placebo (P<0.001; Wilcoxon's rank‐sum test). Because it eradicates β‐haemolytic streptococci, penicillin is a safe and effective agent for the treatment of large, multiple, or badly infected skin sores, even in countries such as Australia and Papua New Guinea in which most staphylococci are resistant to penicillin.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb108225.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A prospective study of 1850 skiing injuries which occurred during the 1983 skiing season in Australia is presented. To date, it is the largest prospective review of skiing injuries in Australia. All injuries were seen and treated by the same medical practitioner. In contrast with previous reports, upper extremity injuries and lower extremity injuries were almost equally represented (36% and 42% of the total number of injuries, respectively); injuries to the head, face and neck accounted for 17% of the total number of injuries. The injury rate of 3.80 per 1000 skiers establishes skiing as a safe sport. Attention is drawn to the high incidence of facial lacerations and of disruption of the ulnar collateral ligament of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb (“skier's thumb”). It is recommended that both competitive and recreational skiers wear helmets with attached visors. With adequate medical personnel and facilities, over 90% of injuries can receive definitive primary treatment on location; this results in minimum patient discomfort, complications, and hospital costs.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb108226.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A survey was made of 121 patients who withdrew from an in‐vitro fertilization and embryo transfer programme, and the reasons leading to withdrawal were solicited by a questionnaire. The most common reasons stated by the 91 patients who returned the survey questionnaires were the heavy financial burden and psychosocial stresses that accompanied treatment. Seventy per cent of these patients expressed a desire to re‐enter the programme at a later date.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb108227.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

For a period of three months, the incidence of hip abnormality was determined in 450 consecutive deliveries at the Hornsby and Ku‐ring‐gai Hospital newborn nursery. Three children were found to have dislocatable hips, and received treatment with a von Rosen splint. In 60 babies, soft tissue clicks could be elicited but the joints were stable. These babies received no treatment, but were reassessed one and six weeks later. No hip abnormality was detected in any of them at the follow‐up examination. A retrospective analysis of the records of the previous 450 newborn babies showed that nine had received treatment with double nappies; von Rosen splints had not been used. At the six‐month follow‐up examination, one of these nine babies had a dislocated hip. “Double nappies” as a treatment modality is still widely practised in Sydney, though neither the literature nor the results of our retrospective analysis support its efficacy.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1984.tb108228.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY