ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1985.tb123126.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1985.tb123127.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1985.tb123128.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1985.tb123129.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1985.tb123130.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We have estimated the prevalence of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance from the Busselton 1981 Population Survey using the 1980 World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Standardized to the Australian non‐Aboriginal population aged 25 years and over, the prevalence rates in this white community were 2.5% for known diabetes; 0.9% for newly discovered diabetes; 2.9% for impaired glucose tolerance; and 6.3% for all categories of abnormal glucose tolerance. There appears to have been a real increase in the frequency of diabetes since 1966. Using fasting serum C‐peptide values and clinical criteria, 14% of all diabetic subjects were insulin‐dependent. The male:female ratio for all categories of abnormal glucose tolerance was 1.4:1. Data from the United States indicate spectacularly higher rates for diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in the white population. A national study of the prevalence of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in Australia is recommended. For epidemiological purposes, a single blood glucose value two hours after a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test is sufficient to categorize glucose tolerance as defined by WHO.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1985.tb123131.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1985.tb123132.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A questionnaire was circulated to assess the influence of the presence of vomitus, secretions and infection on the willingness of 70 hospital staff members to use methods of ventilation during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The responses showed that only 13% would use mouth‐to‐mouth and 59% mouth‐to‐mask ventilation in the presence of these features. Thirty‐five of these subjects were then tested for their ability to ventilate a manikin adequately (tidal volume, 800 mL). The best performance was seen with mouth‐to‐mouth ventilation. After instruction, their performance was satisfactory with mouth‐to‐mouth and mouth‐to‐mask resuscitation and with the Robertshaw resuscitator. Bag‐valve‐mask ventilation had a 97% failure rate before and after instruction and may be inappropriate for CPR. A resuscitation mask which allows effective ventilation without contamination and with oxygen supplementation is the most cost‐effective and best accepted method of emergency ventilation.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1985.tb123133.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Permanent hearing loss of the sensorineural type has been demonstrated to be an occupational hazard of professional SCUBA divers. An audiometric survey was performed on a group of professional abalone divers, all of whom had experienced excessive exposure to dysbaric conditions. The results of this survey revealed that, even allowing for the very liberal requirements of the Australian Standard for divers, over 60% had unacceptable sensorineural, high frequency deafness. In half these cases deafness was unilateral, and in half bilateral. Making allowance for age, two‐thirds had hearing loss to a degree which is compensable, according to the method of the National Acoustic Laboratories (1974) for determining proportional loss of hearing.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1985.tb123134.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Vasomotor rhinitis is a common form of autonomic nasal dysfunction that is frequently confused with other nasal disorders. Although some clinical features are common to all forms of rhinitis, it is usually possible on the basis of the patient's history and a physical examination, together with the results of special investigations, to arrive at an accurate diagnosis in patients presenting with symptoms of nasal dysfunction. This article reviews the clinical and pathological features, differential diagnosis, and management of vasomotor rhinitis and reports a study of 110 patients treated between 1979 and 1983 by the application of cryotherapy to the mucosa overlying the inferior turbinate bones.

ISSN:0025-729X    

DOI:10.5694/j.1326-5377.1985.tb123135.x

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY