摘要:

Using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method a study was made of the cells immunoreactive to glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) anti-serum in the ependyma of the third ventricle of the rat at different stages of growth. Most of the ependymal cells of the third ventricle were seen to be unreactive to this protein; however, it was sometimes possible to observe some GFAP-immunoreactive ependymocytes and occasionally other immunoreactive cellular types, such as tanycytes and supraependymal cells. Despite this, the most frequent localization of the elements immunoreactive to the protein adopted the shape of an immunoreactive subependymal band situated parallel to the ventricular wall. As the weights of the animals increased an increase in the elements immunoreactive to this protein could be observed in all the zones considered, there being no differences between the male and female animals.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000147390

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In mouse embryos, special focal contacts between axons and Schwann cells, axons and fibroblasts as well as Schwann cells and fibroblasts are visible during the outgrowth of nerves. These rather seldom contacts exhibit a uniform structure. Axons and Schwann cells form small finger-like protrusions projecting into coated pits of Schwann cells and fibroblasts. The narrow intercellular space in the contact zone is crossed by fine filaments.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000147391

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Measurements of the curvature of the lumbar spine are useful in the investigations of low back pain. It is unclear whether the degree of lumbar lordosis, sacral inclination and lumbosacral angulation are the same for all normal adults. Radiographic studies were carried out on the lumbar spines of subjects aged 9-61 years. Mean and 95% tolerance ranges of the values of lumbar lordosis, lumbosacral angle and sacral inclination for adult age groups up to the sixth decade are given. The results showed that all three parameters varied steadily with age. The pattern of changes differed in males and females. Females had greater angles than males. Sacral inclination appeared to be a more important determinant of the degree of lumbar lordosis. All three parameters showed a tendency to decrease after the sixth decade. The significance of the findings is discussed.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000147392

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoylferrocene-induced iron overload of rats, three different types of iron-loaded macrophages and derivatives thereof were found in t e lungs. On the basis of their localization and of their pattern of iron load it w is possible to distinguish: (1) Resident macrophages, showing an alveolar localization and a moderate iron content represented by lysosomal ferritin and haemosiderin. (2) Liver-derived macrophages and giant cells, as well as fragments of them. They showed an exclusive localization in capillaries and alveolar septa, and high concentrations of free ferritin molecules in addition to polymorphous ferritin- and haemosiderin-containing siderosomes. (3) Monocyte-derived intravascular pulmonary macrophages. Initially, they contained iron only as lysos -mal aggregates of ferritin and haemosiderin, as a result of phagocytosis of liver-derived macrophageal cell fragments. Later in iron overload, they also showc 1 free ferritin molecules in the cytosol and fused intrapulmonarily to giant cells. The resident as well as the liver-derived siderotic pulmonary macrophages provide a way for iron excretion through the airways.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000147393

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In order to test the possible role of estradiol in the response of the LH-adenohy-pophyseal cells to the administration of met-enkephalin in the albino male rat, an immunocytochemical (peroxidase-antiperoxidase) morphometric (cellular and nuclear areas and numerical density) and radioimmunoassay (LH serum levels at the moment of sacrifice) study was carried out. The intraventricular administration of met-enkephalin (150 µg in 25 µl of distilled water) does not produce any changes in the parameters considered. However, when the animals were pretreated with estradiol (chronically, 15 days), met-enkephalin produced a significant decrease in all the parameters considere

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000147394

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In the present study, the matrix components of 100 cruciate ligaments were analyzed by conventional electron microscopy, immunohistology, morphometry, and immunoelectron microscopy. The anterior (ACL) and the posterior (PCL) cruciate ligaments contained collagen types III, IV, and VI. Several structural glycoproteins, like fibronectin, laminin, entactin, tenascin, and undulin were detected using monoclonal antibodies. Whereas laminin and entactin were higher concentrated in the PCL, type VI collagen was more frequently found in the ACL. The ACL had a critical nourishment in its distal and middle thirds. In all ligament parts the PCL revealed a better vascular supply with strong correlation to type IV collagen expression. The normal matrix of the cruciate ligaments represented a complicated regulatory network of proteins, glycoproteins, elastic systems, and glycosaminoglycans with multiple functional interactions.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000147395

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In order to investigate possible differences in variables defining capillary supply of skeletal muscle derived from two methods, the electron-microscopical and the amylase-PAS histochemical methods were applied in a study of horse and steer muscles. Samples from several locomotor muscles were taken at slaughter from one horse and one steer, divided into two and prepared separately for the two techniques. It was found that there was no difference between the two methods in the values for the capillary-to-fibre ratio. Values for mean fibre area, on the other hand, were significantly higher in the histochemically treated samples (16%, p = 0.001) and hence capillary density values lower (12%, p = 0.002). It was concluded that the two methods are comparable in their capacity to visualize capillaries, but preparation of samples for electron microscopy produces an average shrinkage of 16% of muscle fibres. As a consequence capillary density is overestimated accordingly. Discrepancies were larger for steer than horse muscles.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000147396

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The angioarchitecture of the human fibula was investigated by anatomical dissection. The main artery of the periosteal and endosteal blood supply is the arteria fibularis. The proximal part of the facies lateralis is additionally nourished by a well-built branch of the arteria tibialis anterior. The periosteal branches of he arteria fibularis are most voluminous on the dorsal side in the middle of the fibula. Small plates take care of these branches. For an additional revascularization the well-built branch of the arteria tibialis anterior is proposed. The best anatomical region for a vascularized fibular transfer is at an average of 20% up to 75% of the fibular length.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000147397

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Two types of adipose cells were found in the connective tissue on day 7 after bone matrix gelatin (BMG) implantation and an injection of bupivacaine mature adipose cells with a large lipid droplet (2-140 µm) and immature adipos cells with many small lipid droplets (0.1-2 µm). On day 10 after BMG implanta tion, typical adipose tissue was observed near the implant. The immature adi pose cells had small, spherical mitochondria, glycogen granules and cytoplasm!; microvesicles, and they might differentiate from undifferentiated mesenchym;ι cells in the connective tissue or the peripheral cells around the vessels as a whiu adipose tissue. These findings suggest that the differentiation of adipose cells in the connective tissue near heterotopic bone formation might be induced no only by mechanical and/or bupivacaine injury, but also by some factor or factor of the B

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000147398

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The blood supply of the shoulder muscles, ligaments and joint capsule was investigated by injection of silicone rubber into the arteria subclavia of postmo -tern cases. We show that the a. suprascapularis forms important anatomoses with other arteries in the region and is of greater importance for the blood supp y of the rotator cuff as hitherto believed. We also describe the a. subcoracoidea as a so far unknown branch of the a. axillaris.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000147399

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger