摘要:

The histochemistry of the neural cells was studied in the submandibular ganglia of 5 Callithrix jacchus (3 males and 2 females) and 4 Callithrix penicillata (2 males and 2 females). These cells contain neutral mucopolysaccharides, nucleoproteins and lipidic material, but are apparently devoid of glycogen. It was impossible to demonstrate in them any reactivity for UDPG-GT, phosphorylases, ATPase at pH 6.3, leucine aminopeptidase and alanyl amino-peptidase. The reaction for the other searched enzymes was as follows: weak (F-16-P Aid and cytochrome oxidase), weak to moderate (ADH, 6-P-GDH, ICDH, SDH, MDH, α-GPDH and β-OHBDH), moderate (G-6-PDH, F-1.6-PA, LDH and GDH), moderate to strong (ATPase at pH 7.4, nonspecific esterase and acid phosphatase) and strong (G-6-PA, NADH2-TR, NADPH2-TR, ATPases at pH 8.5 and 9.4 and alkaline phosphatase

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000144814

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effects of 400 rad of X-irradiation of incisor development in CD1 mice were studied. 24 pregnant mice were irradiated on the 12th day post coitum and sacrificed from the 14th through the 20th gestational days. The 191 irradiated fetuses were smaller than those not irradiated, their crania and necks were malformed and their lower extremities were poorly developed. The developing incisors of the irradiated animals were retarded, the pulpal vessels were enlarged and the vessel walls did not maintain their structural integrity. The cells of the future pulp were necrotic, and the basement membranes appeared hyalinized. Ameloblasts and odontoblasts were abnormal in morphology and the formation of dental hard tissue was inhibited in places. Complete absence of incisor tooth germ was noted in three of the fetuses.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000144815

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

An unusual digastric flexor muscle of the 5th finger is described arising from the medial epicondyle of the right humerus and being inserted into the proximal phalanx of the 5th finger. Also observed was the absence of flexor digiti minimi and the unusual smallness of the tendon of flexor digitorum superficialis of this finger.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000144816

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The bladders belonging to eleven mammalian species were investigated, and as a result the following observations were made: (1) a submucous ureter was found in the case of most of the species examined; (2) histological investigation revealed three types of intramural ureters, and (3) downward extension of ureteric musculature, separate from bladder musculature, to the seminal colliculus in the male, or to the lower end of the urethra in the female, was found. A suggestion is presented to explain the manner by which the ureteric openings change their relations to those of the mesonephric ducts during development. It seems that ‘after absorption of the common segment of the Wolfuan duct, breaking down of the ventral wall of ureter’ is the most likely proc

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000144817

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Triamcinolone-induced changes in the number of cartilage cells within the proximal growth plate of the humerus were determined in ICR male mice. It was found that pharmacological doses of corticosteroid hormone possess a direct inhibitory effect upon the proliferative activity of young cartilage cells and thereby adversely affect the growth potential of this growth center. Concomitantly, the activity of chondroclasts also appears to be depressed, thus resulting in a decreased rate of cartilage reorption followed by a slight increase in the number of hypertrophic chondrocytes. It therefore appears that systemic treatment with corticosteroid hormones inhibits the renewal of cartilage cells in the epiphyseal plate, leading to an accelerated ‘aging’ of this growth center with subsequent impairment of long bone gro

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000144818

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

With the pupose of studying the venous angioarchitecture of the esophagogastric transition segment (EGTS), 30 specimens were obtained from bodies a few hours after death. These specimens were injected with a 25% aqueous solution of india ink (drop-by-drop continuous infusion) through the left gastric vein and the splenic vein. The specimens thus prepared underwent three types of methods: (1) clarification by the Spalteholz method for a panoramic stereoscopic observation of the venous angioarchitecture; (2) thick sections in a series from 100 to 150 µm, stained by the Azan method, and (3) in 10-µm serial sections stained by the method of Masson, the perimeter of the veins having been measured in order to ascertain the venous density. The result of this investigation allows the conclusion that there are three venous nets in the muscular layer of the EGTS (perimuscular, intermuscular and submuscular). These three nets, especially the intermuscular and the perimuscular, converge at the extremities of the EGTS, most markedly in the cranial part, to large confluent trunks, going out of the organ from there through perforating trunks principally to the affluents of the portal vein. It thus constitutes a more or less independent segment under the venous point of view, depending essentially on the system of that vein. A marked predominance of perforating vasa of the false type in zone 3, especially at its intermediate part exactly at the stretch where most part of the veins of the mucous-submucous system lie at a deeper site, together with other peculiarities of venous distribution of this region, allows the morphofunctional deduction that, at this point, the muscular layer must be a barrier between the deep and the peripheral venous circulation of the esophagu

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000144819

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

20 adult dogs were classified into five groups; in two animals of each group hypoglossal-glossopharyngeal suturing was done. In the other two animals glossopharyngeal nerve transection with concomitant central segment avulsion was done and these two animals were used as controls. The animals of the five groups were sacrificed at 4-week intervals starting by the first group on the 4th post-operative week and ending by the fifth group on the 20th week; the circumvallate papillae were studied. On the 4th week following either operative procedure, few taste buds persisted on the circumvallate papillae. Invasion of the papillae by regenerating hypoglossal fibres from the 8th week onwards was not followed by any appreciable increase in the number of taste buds. The difference in number of taste buds between hypoglossal-glosso-pharyngeal suture and glossopharyngeal avulsion procedures was not statistically significant, from the 8th weeks following cross-innervation the reaction for acetylcholinesterase was more intense than in denervated papillae which showed a persistent weakly positive reaction up to the 20th post-operative week.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000144820

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The purpose of this investigation was to measure quantitatively nuclear volumes in outer fasciculata cells in adrenal glands of rats subjected to chronic stimulation of steroido-genesis by ACTH, or to chronic inhibition of functional activity by hypophysectomy or by injection of the steroidogenic inhibitors, U-8113 (p-aminophenyl butanone) and SU-4885 (metopirone). Nuclear volumes, after a recovery period from those effects, were also measured. Chronic daily administrations of ACTH for 7, 14, and 30 days led to a progressive, statistically significant increase in nuclear volumes of fasciculata cells. These changes were found to have been reversed 14 days after discontinuation of hormone treatment. Hypophysectomy resulted in a significant decrease in nuclear volumes. The steroidogenic inhibitors SU-4885 and U-8113 had a biphasic effect on the nuclear volumes with an early decrease and subsequent increase to normal values. Since a decrease in nuclear volumes in the adrenal glands of inhibitor-treated subjects occurred in the presence of cellular hypertrophy and a significant increase in adrenal weights, it is concluded that changes in nuclear volumes can be positively correlated with the secretory activity of the cell rather than with the sizes of cells or glands.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000144821

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Fine-structural study of large, vacuole-like structures of the human corticotroph cell (‘enigmatic body’; EB) revealed that these bodies have a preferential juxtanuclear position in the vicinity of the Golgi complex. EBs have rugged outlines, frequently a narrow electron-dense rim and numerous membrane-bound compartments in an almost homogeneous matrix of low electron density. Fusion between EBs and secretory granules and other cytoplasmic components was noted. The peripheral rim and the matrix exhibited moderate to strong acid phosphatase activity. The inner compartments were consistently negative. It is proposed that EBs represent special lysosomes and serve as centers for recycling secretory material, as well as for storage and release of degraded produ

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000144822

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The gross and microscopic anatomy of the major salivary glands of the ferretwas studied. There were 5 pairs of major salivary glands, parotid, submandibular, sublingual, molar and zygomatic. They were of compound tubuloacinar type and consisted of numerous lobes and lobules. The parotid gland was grossly similar to the parotids in other mammals but histologically it was seromucous as in the carnivores dog and cat. The parotid duct opened into the vestibule of the mouth opposite the upper third premolar tooth. The submandibular gland was single on each side, oval in shape and cervical in position. Histologically it was entirely mucous. The submandibular duct opened at a sublingual papilla in the oral cavity at the side of the frenulum of the tongue. The sublingual gland was the smallest of the major salivary glands. It was single on each side and lay deep to the digastric muscle. It opened by several small ductules into the submandibular duct. It was mainly mucous and did not contain intercalated and striated ducts. The molar gland was located superficially near the angle of the mouth. It was irregularly pyramidal and opened by several small ducts into the vesibule opposite the lower molar teeth. It was predominantly mucous. There were no intercalated or striated ducts. The zygomatic gland was present deep to the masseter and related to the orbit in the infra-temporal fossa. The gland opened by several small ducts into the vestibule opposite the upper molar teeth. It was also predominantly mucous and there were no intercalated or striated ducts.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000144823

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger