摘要:

The cells of origin of nerve fibers innervating the parathyroid gland were studied in the rabbit using the HRP-retrograde transport method. Numerous labeled neurons were observed in the caudal half of the ipsilateral superior cervical ganglion following HRP injection into the parathyroid gland. Furthermore, in the medulla oblongata, labeled neurons were found in the dorsal nucleus of the vagus and many of them were distributed caudal to the level of the obex.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000145704

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The dorsal foot skin supplied by the arteria dorsalis pedis the dorsal venous arch, the peroneal sensory nerves and the musculus extensor digitorum brevis is a very good myocutaneous flap. The material on which the study was carried out, consisted of 20 feet from standard cadavers, injected with a mixture of terebenthene and minium through the arteria tibialis anterior. The m. extensor digitorum brevis is 6.1 cm long, 1.7 cm wide, 3.9 mm thick. It is mainly supplied by the a. dorsalis pedis and its branches: the a. tarsea dorsalis (constant) and the a. metatarsea dorsalis (12 of 20 specimens). The average diameter of the a. dorsalis pedis at the upper limit of the m. extensor retinaculum was 2.14 mm and this was chosen as the most proximal limit of the dorsalis pedis flap. The a. tarsea dorsalis was present in all the specimens, with a diameter of 0.95 mm at its origin and a length of 35 mm. On average, this artery divided into four branches to the m. dorsalis pedis. The a. metatarsea dorsalis was present in 12 of 20 specimens, with an average diameter of 0.53 mm and a length of 22 mm. On average, this artery divided into three branches to the m. dorsalis pedis. We drew three lines in the proximal, middle and distal third of each flap design and calculated the sum of arterial branch sections with our lines. We think this provides a reasonable indication of the comparative richness of the cutaneous blood supply in the flap. The mean number of cutaneous branches was 10 in the proximal third, 6.7 in the middle third (13 if branches supplying the m. extensor pedis brevis are included) and 5 in the distal third. The myocutaneous dorsalis pedis arterialized flap can be safely used as an island flap to cover the ankle or heel and as a free flap for palm defects.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000145705

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The authors studied the anatomical structures of the pulmonary lymphatic vessels in the dog and in man using injection techniques and macro- and microangiographic and histological methods. The results show that injection in the basal lobes is easier than in the apical lobes. The dog, an animal with a thin pleura, has a very dense superficial lymphatic network, like man. The superficial and the deep lymphatic vessels are connected through the pleural septa.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000145706

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

To elucidate intramembranous bone reactions to tantalum bone markers, 0.8-mm tantalum balls were implanted in the craniofacial region of 9 male New Zealand white rabbits. After 1, 2, 4 and 16 weeks the animals were sacrificed for SEM. Implant stability for these intervals was controlled by roentgen stereophotogrammetry. Fibrocytes and deposed fibers were seen to immediately adhere to the ball surface, getting retention in its porosities. A successively increasing bony support was observed to have intimate junctions without intervening fibers or soft tissues. No apparent differences in bone reactions were seen between the neurocranial and splanchnocranial bones. Osseointegration confirmed the inertness of tantalum to bone tissue and strongly confirms its suitability for implantation in bone.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000145707

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A semiquantitative stereomicroscopic method was devised in order to examine rabbit knee articular surfaces. With the aid of a drawing tube mounted on a stereomicroscope, enlarged pictures (magnification of × 14–19) of ink-stained or SEM specimens of joint surfaces were drawn and the structural details classified. The point-counting method or a computer-coupled analyzer was used to analyze the pictures. The data thus obtained underwent statistical evaluation. The method proved to be very useful for the quantitation of experimentally induced changes on cartilage surfac

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000145708

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effects of a 6-week immobilization period on rabbit knee articular cartilage surfaces were investigated by a new semiquantitative stereomicroscopic method following ink staining and processing for scanning electron microscopy. All surfaces of the immobilized knee joint were affected and displayed significant degenerative alterations. The knee joint contralateral to the immobilized one exhibited slight changes which could be interpreted as a sign of altered loading after immobilization. Articular surfaces of the patella and lateral condyle of the femur proved to be best suited for surface analysis on account of the small size, distinct borders and inherent evenness of the cartilage in non-treated animals.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000145709

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A relatively simple method for the three-dimensional reconstruction of brain contours from a series of CT scans is presented. A procedure is described for storing the structural information obtained from the CT series and for organizing and displaying the data. Furthermore, it is shown how additional features such as standardized artery information taken from an atlas can be superimposed on the spatially reconstructed brain model. It is proposed that three-dimensional representations in the form of computed stereo pairs are quite suitable for morphological documentation of specific neuropsychological issues, such as the localization of aphasic syndromes.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000145710

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The blood vessels together with the parenchymal components of rat salivary glands were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after removal of stromal connective tissue by acid hydrolysis plus enzymatic digestion. The three-dimensional vascular architecture was also studied by SEM of vascular corrosion cats. Each cluster of 4–5 polymorphous acini is connected with the convoluted duct via an intercalated duct. The convoluted duct usually has a sigmoid course and drains to the intralobular striated duct (about 20 µm in diameter); this has a rather straight course before connecting with the interlobular excretory duct. Myoepithelial cells with radiating processes were observed on the stromal surface of the secretory acini. Pericytes with longitudinal and circular processes were also observed surrounding the stromal surface of capillaries. The acini and convoluted ducts are surrounded by plexuses of capillaries derived from terminal arterioles which run along the intralobular duct system. The sinusoidal capillary plexus enveloping the striated duct receives blood from capillaries surrounding the acini and convoluted ducts through portal venules. The interlobular excretory ducts are richly supplied by a subepithelial network of capillaries which receive blood directly from the interlobular artery and drain into the interlobular vein. Thus, the excretory duct circulation is separated from the intralobular circulation. No arterio-venous anastomoses were observed in the gland. However, veno-venous and arterio-arterial anastomoses were often seen along the excretory duct; such anastomoses may participate in controlling the direction of blood flow through the vascular plexus around the excretory duct. The well-developed subepithelial plexus of capillaries observed around this duct is appropriate for its known absorptive/ secretory functions. The capillary network around the acini is densest in the parotid gland and sparsest in the sublingual gland. The subepithelial capillary network of the excretory ducts of the submaxillary gland is denser than those of the other two glands which had similar densiti

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000145711

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The early chick blastoderm has been used as a rapidly proliferating organised system of differentiating cells. From the present study, it is noted that copper is transported into the blastoderm through the periblastodermal yolk globules. Over a large dose range the changes are identical, indicating that the yolk monitors the movement. Mordanting of haematoxylin and histochemical staining indicate that copper is bound to nucleic acids during transport. The changes produced by this trace metal appear to be a reflection of this binding. The possible role of this finding in neoplasia has been discussed.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000145712

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Ultrastructural and cytochemical studies of kitten secretory ameloblasts were made in order to clarify their functions in the resorption and digestion of extracellular organic materials. The secretory ameloblast had triangular Tomes’ processes whose profile was divided into type 1 and type 2 faces. Type 1 face was associated with tubular structures, coated pits, coated vesicles, and irregularly shaped vesicles presumably representing phago-somes. Freeze-fracture replicas clearly showed the presence of large, particle-rich depressions and small depressions on the cell membrane P face in the type 1 face of the Tomes’ process. Exocytosis of secretory granules was seldom observed. In both thin sections and replicas, the type 2 face possessed cell membrane microinvaginations. From the supranuclear region to a zone near the Tomes’ process, many dense bodies, multivesicular bodies, and vacuoles were present; and many of them showed intense acid phosphatase reactions. Reaction products of acid phosphatase were demonstrated in the Golgi apparatus, GERL, and the lateral cell membrane. These results suggest that kitten secretory ameloblasts resorb and digest extracellular organic mate

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000145713

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1983

数据来源: Karger