摘要:

The anterior falcate artery (arteria falcea anterior) represents the continuation of the anterior ethmoidal artery. In the adult, it has been described previously only in its rostral portion, which supplies the falx cerebri. In the present study, however, it is shown that there exists a continuation which runs in the parietal dura of the superior sagittal sinus and which unites with the frontal branch of the middle meningeal artery at the border between the frontal and parietal bones. In addition, the anterior falcate artery, by means of arterioarterial connections, is associated with the nearby branches of the frontal ramus that supply the frontal dura. The anterior falcate artery, mostly paired, is furnished with cross-connections. Venae comitantes are absent from the parallel-running main branches. In occlusion of the ophthalmic artery, the anterior falcate artery, due to its connections with the middle meningeal artery, may be significant in the establishment of a collateral circulation to the orbit.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000145612

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The innervation of the carotid body in the cat was studied by means of light- and electron-microscopic techniques. Sinus nerve resection, glossopharyngeal resection, bilateral cervical sympathectomy, excisions of two nerves, and injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OH-DA) were performed in different groups of animals. It was found that resection of the sinus nerve produces a rapid phase of degeneration of intralobular fibers and synaptic boutons, followed by a reinnervation with a progressive reappearance of these elements. This reinnervation is retarded by sympathectomy and prevented by 6-OH-DA. It is therefore concluded that reinnervation is due to collateral regeneration of nearby sympathetic fibers. Resection of the sinus nerve produces an increase in the number of argentaffin cells and dense-cored vesicles in the cytoplasm of principal cells. These findings suggest the existence of efferent synaptic contacts between this nerve and principal cells. Part of the intralobular fibers and synaptic boutons degenerate after bilateral sympathectomy demonstrating that sympathetic axons connect synaptically to the principal cells. Sympathetic fibers reach the carotid body, not only from branches of the cervical plexuses but also from fibers running in the adventitia of the common carotid artery, and via glossopharyngeal and sinus nerves. The vagus nerve contributes a few fibers to the parenchymal lobules of the carotid body.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000145613

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The present investigation was undertaken to study the innervation and acetyl-cholinesterase (AChE) distribution in the adrenal gland of Rattus rattus rufescens (Indian black rat) by cholinesterase technique. The percentage of myelinated nerves in the cortical zone (cortex) and medulla zone was high. AChE-positive and multipolar ganglia on the outer medulla region, and the ganglia and nerve cells, arranged in chain-like fashion in the chromafnn tissue, were recorded. AChE activity was marked in the cortical zone (in the form of spots) and in the medulla zone (in the form of white and black grains).

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000145614

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Furazolidone (FZ) at 700 ppm was added to feed mixtures fed turkey poults 2–5 weeks after hatching to induce acute experimental cardiomyopathy. Poults in the control pen received the same ration but without FZ. From EKG data obtained at weekly intervals, poults were selected for sacrifice at 5 and 10 weeks of age. Poults were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and appropriate samples of tissue from the left ventricle, liver, pectoralis and tibialis cranialis muscles were removed for glycogen assays. Character of glycogen, as determined by percent of branching and number of glucose units per segment, was not significantly altered in poults with spontaneous round heart disease or FZ-induced cardiomyopathy. This suggests that the glycogen accumulation noted in these conditions most closely resembles type II glycogenosi

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000145615

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The proprioceptive innervation of the external cremaster muscle of some domestic animals was studied. Muscle spindles and tendon organs with their well-known features were found, but this finding was uncommon and unexpected in the investigated animals. For this reason, we believe that there is no relationship between the presence of these proprioceptors and the cremasteric reflex.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000145616

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The so-called sex glands are not glands but germ hives. The germ cells are surrounded by nurse cells which alone build the tubulus or follicle epithelium (spermio- and oonutricytes). In the testis there is being differentiated between intra- and extratubular blood-germ cell barriers. The sperm cells should ultimately be called spermiocytes, the egg cells no longer be confused with the egg. The 4 germ cell generations and their 4 developmental phases in both organs are compared point by point. The interstitial cells are named andro- and gynocytes for considered reasons. The search for suitable names promotes knowledge and teaching.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000145617

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The ultrastructure of the lymphatics of the porta hepatitis at the junction with the liver parenchyma has.been examined. The lymphatics are composed of endothelium composed of flattened cells containing occasional mitochondria, pinocytotic vesicles and nuclei. The cells are bound by maculae adherentes, zonulae occludentes and desmosome-like structures. There are occasional fibers between endothelium and underlying collagen. Occasional pores closed by diaphragms are present. There is very little basement membrane. There is no definite communication with the spaces of Mall and Disse, but the lymphatic lumens are separated from these areas only by the junctional processes, which may be permeable. Lymphatics are present only in collagenized portal areas and not in the liver parenchyma proper.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000145618

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The authors introduce a new system of preservation and storage of anatomical material. The system accomplishes the following demands: (1) avoidance of fungi on section material, (2) alternative application of various preservation fluids, (3) utmost flexibility of storage capacity, (4) clearness and easy control, (5) elimination of unpleasant smell, (6) smallest possible need of staff and (7) low working expenses.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000145619

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Retrograde axonal transport of horseradish peroxidase was used to identify the afferent projection systems of the anterior thalamic nuclei in the cat. The results indicate that fibres projecting to the three anterior nuclei of the thalamus arise from the hippocampal region, septum and cingulate cortex unilaterally and from the hypothalamus (mamillary nuclei) both bilaterally and unilaterally. The cells of the medial mamillary nuclei send their axons to the ipsilateral AV and AM nuclei whereas the lateral mamillary nucleus projects bilaterally to the AD nuclei.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000145620

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

This study deals with the anatomical, histological and histochemical observations and the changes in the poll glands due to age, seasonal variations and castration. The male camels had two poll glands, one on either side of the mid-line of the poll region. The glands were present in the male camels at birth, while no visible glands were observed in the she-camels at any age. The weight and dimensions of the glands increased with age in the uncastrated camels, but the glands regressed after castration. The active glands were compound tubulo-alveolar glands. The tubules and alveoli were lined by simple squamous to high cuboidal epithelium depending on the secretory stages. The mild PAS-reactive apical blebs of the secretory cells were also positive for acid mucopolysaccharides and alkaline phosphatase. The myoepithelial cells around the alveoli and small ducts were PAS-negative. The intralobular ducts were lined by simple cuboidal epithelium. The stratified cuboidal epithelium lining the initial portion of the excretory duct abruptly changed into the stratified squamous epithelium which continued with the cutaneous epithelium of the skin. The ducts opened into the neck of the hair follicles above the level of the sebaceous ducts. The glands appeared to be modified apocrine sweat glands in the histological appearance. The interglandular connective tissue was reduced to thin strands during the winter months while, comparatively, in the summer months, the connective tissue increased. During the winter months of December to March the pungent coffee-coloured secretion from the glands was most profusing in those camels who were apparently in rut. The tubules and alveoli in such glands were lined by high cuboidal cells with apical blebs. During the summer months, the secretion was scanty except in severe exercises, and the glandular epithelium varied from simple squamous to low cuboidal.

ISSN:1422-6405    

DOI:10.1159/000145621

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger