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1. |
Effect of Bupivacaine on Muscle Tissues and New Bone Formation Induced by Demineralized Bone Matrix Gelatin |
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Cells Tissues Organs,
Volume 141,
Issue 1,
1991,
Page 1-7
K. Yamashita,
Y. Horisaka,
Y. Okamoto,
Y. Yoshimura,
N. Matsumoto,
J. Kawada,
T. Takagi,
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摘要:
Heterotopic bone formation induced by demineralized bone matrix gelatin (BMG) in bupivacaine-HCl-treated skeletal muscle was examined histologically. BMG was obtained by dehydrating diaphyseal shafts of femora and tibiae of male, 4-week-old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, cutting it into chips, and demineralizing and extracting the chips with various solutions. The BMG was implanted into the rectus abdominis muscle of male, 5-week-old SD rats, bupivacaine-HCl was injected at the same site and the resulting plaques of tissue were examined histologically on days 5,10,15 and 20 after BMG implantation. Heterotopic bone formation occurred in all animals. The bupivacaine-treated group had more degenerated and injured muscle fibers, and more osteocytes than the control group. Electron microscopy showed that the basement membrane of muscle fibers was discontinuous and that many mononucleated cells resembling activated satellite cells were present on day 5. Many fibroblasts, undifferentiated mesenchymal cells and myogenic cells were seen in the area around the BMG. In new bones there were few osteocytes on day 10, but their numbers were increased on days 15 and 20 after implantation, especially in the bupivacaine-treated group. The population of osteocytes that increased rapidly may have included mononucleated cells similar to activated satellite cells.
ISSN:1422-6405
DOI:10.1159/000147090
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1991
数据来源: Karger
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2. |
Intrinsic Innervation of the Rat Knee Joint Articular Capsule and Ligaments |
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Cells Tissues Organs,
Volume 141,
Issue 1,
1991,
Page 8-14
G. Marinozzi,
F. Ferrante,
E. Gaudio,
A. Ricci,
F. Amenta,
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摘要:
In spite of the practical importance of having a detailed knowledge of knee joint innervation to understand the pathophysiologic aspects, little information is now available concerning the density and pattern of the nerve fibres which are distributed to it. The present study has been designed to investigate the density and distribution of nerve fibres and receptor corpuscles in the knee joint articular capsule, cruciate and collateral ligaments in the rat, using the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) histochemical in toto staining technique. The investigation was performed on male Wistar rats of 3 months of age some of which had been treated with capsaicin to deplete their afferent ‘C fibres of their content of neuropeptides. AChE-positive nerve fibres and different types of receptor corpuscle endings were found within articular capsule and ligaments. The highest density of AChE-positive nerve fibres was noticeable in the fibular collateral ligament followed by the tibial collateral ligament, the posterior cruciate ligament, the anterior cruciate ligament and the articular capsule. In the articular capsule the number of type I endings was higher than in the ligaments. The opposite is true for the other type of receptor corpuscles found as well as for nerve endings. Capsaicin treatment significantly reduced the density of AChE-positive nerve fibres in knee joint ligaments but did not affect nerve fibres in the articular capsule. Moreover, it caused the disappearance of some kind of receptor corpuscles within the collateral and cruciate ligaments. The above data collectively suggest that the AChE in toto staining technique may represent a good method for investigating joint innervation and that a significant percentage of nerve fibres supplying knee joint ligaments is represented by C fibre afferent
ISSN:1422-6405
DOI:10.1159/000147091
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1991
数据来源: Karger
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3. |
Immunohistochemical Study of Creatine Kinase Isozymes in the Human Upper Limb Bud |
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Cells Tissues Organs,
Volume 141,
Issue 1,
1991,
Page 15-17
H. Shinohara,
M. Oguni,
O. Tanaka,
K. Kato,
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摘要:
Creatine kinase (CK) is involved in the production of ATP and is composed of two immunologically distinct subunits, B (CK-B) and M (CK-M). In the differentiation of myoblasts, the isozyme of CK changes from CK-B to CK-M. In the present study, the expression of CK subunits was studied immunohistochemically in the upper limb bud of human embryos (Carnegie stages 13–21). It was found that CK-B and CK-M immunoreactive cells appeared at stage 15 and at stage 18, respectivel
ISSN:1422-6405
DOI:10.1159/000147092
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1991
数据来源: Karger
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4. |
Compartmentalized Mast Cell Degranulations in the Ovarian Hilum, Fat Pad, Bursa and Blood Vessel Regions of the Cyclic Hamster: Relationships to Ovarian Histamine and Blood Flow |
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Cells Tissues Organs,
Volume 141,
Issue 1,
1991,
Page 18-25
A. Krishna,
P.F. Terranova,
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摘要:
Ovaries from hamsters on each day of the oestrous cycle at 09.00 h were observed for the number of mast cells, the pattern of mast cell degranulation, histamine concentration and blood flow. On day 4 (pro-oestrus), ovaries were also observed at 9.00,15.00 and 21.00 h. Mast cell degranulation was evaluated by 3 criteria: (1) no degranulation = less than 5 granules dispersed from the cell; (2) moderate degranulation = 5 or more granules dispersed but less than 15, and (3) extensive degranulation = 15 or more granules released. Blood flow was determined using radio-active microspheres in anaesthetized animals. Mast cells were observed in fat pad (beyond 2 mm of the bursal mesothelium) bursa (within 2 mm of the bursal mesothelium), hilum and near ovarian blood vessels (these 4 regions are collectively called the ovarian complex). The distribution of ovarian mast cells was not uniform. Most mast cells were near ovarian blood vessels (42.2%) and in the fat pad (37.2%). A moderate number of cells were in the bursal wall (20%) and only a few cells were observed in the hilum (0.64%). Mast cell number remained unchanged on days 1–4 of the cycle in each ovarian compartment. However, summation of the number of mast cells in the entire ovarian complex revealed a significant decline in number at 15.00 h on pro-oestrus. Alterations in mast cell degranulation were primarily restricted to 2 periods of the cycle (pro-oestrus and di-oestrus). An increase in moderate but not extensive degranulation was observed in only the fat pad and bursa on day 2 when compared with day 1 values. In most ovarian compartments on pro-oestrus, degranulation was higher than on any other day of the cycle. At 15.00 h on pro-oestrus extensive degranulation in bursa fat pad and blood vessel regions (but not hilum) coincided with an increase in ovarian histamine and decline in number of mast cells; ovarian blood flow also increased at that time but remained unchanged the remainder of the cycle. The results indicate that significant mast cell degranulation could occur on days other than pro-oestrus, although on pro-oestrus mast cell degranulation was increased, that not all ovarian compartments exhibit the same pattern of mast cell degranulation and that changes in ovarian blood may correlate with increased histamine and mast cell degranulation on pro-oestrus but not necessarily on other days of the cycl
ISSN:1422-6405
DOI:10.1159/000147093
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1991
数据来源: Karger
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5. |
Study on the infrastructure of the Peritoneal Stomata in Humans |
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Cells Tissues Organs,
Volume 141,
Issue 1,
1991,
Page 26-30
Li Ji-Chang,
Yu Shou-Min,
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摘要:
In 16 human specimens the topography and organization of stomata and mèsothelial cells of the diaphragmatic, pelvic wall and anterior abdominal wall peritoneum were studied by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and the image processing technique. The mesothelial cells were organized into two discrete populations, cuboidal cells and flattened cells. The stomata were found only among cuboidal cells, either on the muscular portion or on the tendinous portion of the diaphragm. The size and shape of stomata, which were arranged in a cluster or a strip were often irregular. The average area of a stoma on the muscular portion was 10.43 ± 1.61 µm2 on the tendinous portion 7.93 ± 1.67 µm2. Stomata opened to submesothelial connective tissue, under which numerous lymphatics were observed. Stomata were not discovered in the pelvic and anterior abdominal wall peritoneum. In animal experiments intraperitoneally injected trypan blue particles were rapidly removed from the peritoneal cavity through stomata of the diaphragmatic peritoneum in rabbits. It is suggested that stomata may be the main pathway for draining matter from the peritoneal cavity and that the diaphragmatic peritoneum shows the strongest absorption in all parts of the perito
ISSN:1422-6405
DOI:10.1159/000147094
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1991
数据来源: Karger
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6. |
Relationship between the Cartilage Canal and the Perichondrium in the Rat Proximal Tibial Epiphysis |
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Cells Tissues Organs,
Volume 141,
Issue 1,
1991,
Page 31-35
E. Delgado-Baeza,
M. Giménez-Ribotta,
C. Miralles-Flores,
A. Nieto-Chaguaceda,
Santos Alvarez,
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摘要:
One of the most widespread hypotheses for chondral canal morphogenesis suggests that the canal is an extension of the perichondrium. To study the possible relation between perichondrium and chondral canal morphology, the proximal epiphyses in the tibias of 42 rats were studied from birth to their 29th day. The study was divided into three periods: from birth to the 4th day before canal appearance; from the 5th day, the moment of canal appearance, until the appearance of the secondary ossification center of the epiphysis on the 9th day; the 3rd ran from this point on the 10th day until its full development. We have also divided the canal into three regions: entrance, neck and bottom. The central portion (lumen) and canal wall were analyzed in each region. Our results show the perichondrium to be a complex structure, composed of a series of cellular layers in a biphasic extracellular matrix (eosinophil and basophil). The canal walls are lined by a layer of elongated cells. In the lumen there are many different cell types: fibroblasts, histiocytes, multinuclear giant cells and multivacuolated cells. Our study of the canal, its walls and lumen show no morphological structure that is reminiscent of the perichondrium. These results suggest that the canal is not itself a continuation of the perichondrium.
ISSN:1422-6405
DOI:10.1159/000147095
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1991
数据来源: Karger
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7. |
Spondyloarthropathy in Progressive Ankylosis Mice: Ultrastructural Features of the Intervertebral Disk |
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Cells Tissues Organs,
Volume 141,
Issue 1,
1991,
Page 36-41
H.W. Sampson,
R.W. Davis,
D.C. Dufner,
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摘要:
Progressive ankylosis mice (ank/ank) spontaneously develop a joint disorder characterized by calcium hydroxyapatite deposition and bony ankylosis of the joints of the axial and the appendicular skeleton. Mice in this study were used to determine the extent of mineralization of the intervertebral disks and to determine their suitability as a model for ankylosing spondyloarthropathies. Intervertebral disks taken from affected mice from 4 to 18 weeks of age were studied by electron-microscopic, electron energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis and selected-area electron diffraction techniques. Necrotic foci seen in light microscope studies were found to be massive accumulations of calcium hydroxyapatite crystals deposited within the extracellular matrix. Chondrocytes of older animals demonstrated what appeared to be postmortem changes and contained numerous large vacuoles.
ISSN:1422-6405
DOI:10.1159/000147096
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1991
数据来源: Karger
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8. |
Single Cilium in Human Leukemic Cells Heterotransplanted into Hamsters |
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Cells Tissues Organs,
Volume 141,
Issue 1,
1991,
Page 42-45
Y. Ohtsukï,
I. Kubonishi,
H. Sonobe,
J. Iwata,
T. Oka,
I. Míyoshi,
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摘要:
Single cilium formation was studied in two human hematopoietic cell lines, KCL-22 and MT-2. KCL-22, established from a patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia in blastic crisis, and MT-2, a human cord T cell line carrying human T-lymphotropic virus type I, were transplanted into hamsters. Ciliogenesis was observed in both cell lines, only after transplantation into hamsters.
ISSN:1422-6405
DOI:10.1159/000147097
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1991
数据来源: Karger
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9. |
Systématisation de l’angioarchitectonie du corps calleux chez l’homme |
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Cells Tissues Organs,
Volume 141,
Issue 1,
1991,
Page 46-50
R. Wolfram-Gabel,
C. Maillot,
J.G. Koritké,
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摘要:
The blood supply of the corpus callosum is studied in 20 brains by injecting the vascular system with gelatinous Indian ink. The arterial vascularization derives mainly from the anterior cerebral arteries, accessorily from the median artery of the corpus callosum or from the terminal and choroidal branches of the posterior cerebral arteries. The various arteries give off perforating branches which are direct or indirect, short, of middle length or long. All these arteries concentrate on the peripheral wall of the corpus callosum. Inside of it these various arteries give off numerous terminal and collateral branches running between the nervous fibres and forming a characteristic vascular network which nourishes the capillary network. The venous vascularization of the corpus callosum is tributary to the deep venous system of the brain and concentrates on the central wall of the commissure.
ISSN:1422-6405
DOI:10.1159/000147098
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1991
数据来源: Karger
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10. |
Ultrastructural Study of the Effects of 17β-Oestradiol on the Lateral Prostate and Seminal Vesicle of the Castrated Guinea Pig |
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Cells Tissues Organs,
Volume 141,
Issue 1,
1991,
Page 51-62
C.C. Tarn,
Y.C. Wong,
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摘要:
Administration of oestradiol to castrated animals induced hypertrophy of the secretory cells in the lateral prostate and seminal vesicle. In the lateral prostate, increases in the number of small highly electron-dense granules, multivesicular bodies and intercellular spaces were the prevailing effects 2 weeks after oestradiol treatment. There was also an apparent increase in the amount of cytokeratin intermediate filaments. Prolonged oestradiol administration for 4 weeks showed no appreciable changes in the glandular epithelium when compared with 2-week treatment. However, an increase in the thickness of the fibromuscular layer was observed. In the seminal vesicle, basal cell hyperplasia was associated with a concurrent increase in the size of intercellular spaces 2 weeks after oestradiol administration. There were also apparent increases in the volume of the lamina propria and in the number of stromal cells. An apparent increase in the density of collagen fibres in the stroma was observed 2 and 4 weeks after oestradiol administration. In conclusion the responses of the epithelium of the lateral prostate and seminal vesicle to a pharmacological dose of oestradiol are different. Prolonged oestradiol administration exerts a more prominent effect on the smooth muscle in the lateral prostate but not in the seminal vesicle. The effects of oestradiol may be mediated directly or indirectly through the other hormones.
ISSN:1422-6405
DOI:10.1159/000147099
出版商:S. Karger AG
年代:1991
数据来源: Karger
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