摘要:

AbstractPretreatment characteristics of 281 children with nonmetastatic rhabdomyosarcoma, included in the registry of the International Society of Pediatric Oncology (SIOP) between January 1975 and December 1983, were examined to study the children's prognosis. The multivariate statistical method (Cox regression model) was used for each of two end‐points: survival time and disease‐free time.The three most important predictors for survival time were primary site (p<.001), clinical stage (p = .009), and sex (p = .020). The best results involved paratesticular and orbital primary sites, regardless of the clinical stage; males fared slightly better than females. These same three factors were also significant predictors for disease‐free

ISSN:0098-1532    

DOI:10.1002/mpo.2950160202

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTrends in the incidence of childhood cancer in Connecticut are reported and analyzed for the period 1935‐1979 by 5‐year age groups (0–4, 5–9, 10–14, 15–19 years), using a log linear model method. A threefold increase (P<.001) in the incidence of ALL in males 0–4 years of age was observed, with significant increases of smaller magnitude seen in males aged 5–9 and 15–19 and females aged 0–4 and 5–9. The incidence of central nervous system cancers also increased in several age groups for both sexes with the largest increase seen in males 0–4 years old. Significant increases in incidence of large magnitude were also observed for Hodgkin's disease, in males aged 15–19 years and females aged 10–19 years, for neuroblastoma in both sexes at ages 0–4 years, and for testis and ovarian cancer at ages 15–19 years. This study of trends in incidence of childhood cancers by 5‐year age groups has revealed significant changes, which would not have been as apparent if broader age groups had been used. These results provide relevant data for investigating the etiology of cancer during infancy, childhood, and adolescence. Trends in Connecticut are compared with findings from other registries in the

ISSN:0098-1532    

DOI:10.1002/mpo.2950160203

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper analyzes the hematologic features and outcome of 13 patients with chromosome 5 abnormalities (monosomy 5 or deletion of 5q), either isolated or with additional anomalies. Among four patients with isolated del (5q), two had a stable refractory macrocytic anemia with thrombocytosis (5q‐syndrome). All nine patients with complex karyotypes had acute leukemia or refractory anemia with excess of blasts in acute transformation; two cases were TdT‐positive, with a lymphoid or a mixed phenotype. In seven patients, preleukemia preceded overt leukemia, and in six, a prior therapeutic, or occupational exposure to mutagens/carcinogens had occurred. Additional chromosome 7 abnormalities were seen in four cases. The median survival of patients with complex karyotypes was 19 months from the time of diagnosis of the hematologic disorder and 5 months from the time of identification of the chromosome 5 abnormality. Pathogenetic implications of the chromosome 5 monosomy or del (5q) through a proto‐oncogene activation and the putative hemopoietic stem cell involvement in a clonal disease are disc

ISSN:0098-1532    

DOI:10.1002/mpo.2950160204

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractPrevious research has shown that mothers of children with soft tissue sarcoma, osteosarcoma, and chondrosarcoma are at excess risk of developing breast cancer. The occurrence of malignant disease in the mothers of a population‐based series of children with Ewing's sarcoma was investigated in order to determine whether these mothers were at excess risk of cancer and of breast cancer in particular. Sixty‐one mothers were traced; there were two cases of breast cancer and two other registrable neoplasms. Risk of malignancy in the mothers was not in excess of expectat

ISSN:0098-1532    

DOI:10.1002/mpo.2950160205

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractResults of 70 fine‐needle aspiration biopsies (FNAB) were evaluated retrospectively in 61 pediatric patients. Over a period of 9 months all mass lesions suspected being malignant were aspirated. Twelve of the 70 aspirations were performed in children having known tumours, in order to exclude recurrence or metastasis. The others were carried out to obtain a diagnosis. Satisfactory specimens were obtained from 58 (83%). There were 21 benign diagnoses, 36 malignant diagnoses, and 1 with suspected malignancy. Correlation of histologic and cytologic diagnoses was possible in 45 cases. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 95% and 80%, respectively. We have found FNAB more accurate in the diagnosis of malignancies than in benign lesions. The results suggest that this is a useful technique for obtaining a first diagnosis of malignancy, as well as for excluding recurrence or metastatic diseas

ISSN:0098-1532    

DOI:10.1002/mpo.2950160206

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEleven fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsies were performed in five children with neuroblastoma, including one patient with peripheral neuroectodermal tumor of the thoracopulmonary region (Askin tumor). Cytologic features in conjunction with immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy on the aspirated material enabled us to make a primary diagnosis in four of the five patients and diagnose local recurrence and metastatic disease in three patients. There were no false‐positive or false‐negative cytologic diagnoses; therefore, diagnostic accuracy was 100%. FNA is an extremely useful technique for the primary diagnosis and management of neuroblastoma and excludes other small cell malignancies of children. The results of this study and literature review demonstrate that FNA cytology coupled with ancillary techniques of immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy is a rapid, safe, minimally invasive procedure which can aid in the diagnosis and management of patients with neuroblastoma without resorting to more aggressive diagnostic procedures in selective ca

ISSN:0098-1532    

DOI:10.1002/mpo.2950160207

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA small group of elderly male patients received attenuated doses of daunomycin, cytosine arabinoside (Ara‐C), and 6‐thioguanine for treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Three patients had refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB), and two had chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMMoL). All five patients had developed severe transfusion requirements for platelets and red blood cells before therapy was begun. One patient developed necrosis of the cecum and expired 19 days after therapy, but the other four all showed substantial benefit from treatment. Three of those patients received multiple courses of chemotherapy which led to improvement in peripheral blood counts in each case. Duration of responses as noted by improvement in peripheral blood counts compared to pretreatment levels ranged from 1.5 to 9 months. Despite considerable improvement in peripheral blood parameters, some of the abnormal morphologic features of MDS persisted after each course of chemotherapy. These results obtained with attenuated chemotherapy schedules in a small group of patients are sufficiently encouraging to warrant an expanded phase II trial, which is under way at the University of Rochester Cancer Cen

ISSN:0098-1532    

DOI:10.1002/mpo.2950160208

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractResponse to treatment with daily intramuscularly administered crude calf thymic extract (Suppressin) in 11 patients with Langerhan's histiocytosis (L.H.) is reported.In ten patients, T‐lymphocytic subsets were studied before starting immunotherapy: OKT3 positive and OKT4 positive cells were reduced in four patients; OKT8 positive cells were reduced in two patients; three patients were normal. After immunotherapy, one patient entered complete remission, four patients had stationary disease, and six had marked clinical progression.Subsequently eight patients underwent conventional chemotherapy, and only three entered complete remission.This study has demonstrated the heterogeneity of immunological patterns in L.H. and justifies the necessity for investigations on the immunoregulatory mechanism of L.

ISSN:0098-1532    

DOI:10.1002/mpo.2950160209

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNeurofibromatosis or Von Recklinghausen's disease is an autosomal dominant disorder, associated with an excess of malignant tumors. The most common neurofibromatosis‐associated malignancies are derived from neurogenic tissues, although several malignancies that did not originate from neurogenic tissue are also described. This paper provides the first documentation of a patient with neurofibromatosis and a mixed germ cell tumor of the testi

ISSN:0098-1532    

DOI:10.1002/mpo.2950160210

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMonosomy 7 presenting as a myelodysplastic syndrome following radiation and chemotherapy has been reported to involve a stem cell capable of both erythroid and granulocyte/macrophage differentiation. To determine if monosomy 7 presenting de novo also involves a multipotential stem cell, we examined mitoses from individual colony‐forming units (CFU)‐CM and burst‐forming units (BFU)‐E colonies derived from semisolid cultures of marrow from an infant with this disorder. Direct cytogenetic analysis of bone marrow cells disclosed the characteristic 45,XY,‐7 karyo‐type in 32 of 35 abnormal metaphases.Metaphases were obtained from 63 (73%) of 85 CFU‐GM and BFU‐E colonies (median metaphases per colony = 4, range = 1–21), with well‐banded analyzable chromosome spreads available for 15 of the colonies with metaphases. The monosomy 7 karyotype was present in all 14 metaphases from ten BFU‐E colonies and in all seven metaphases from five CFU‐GM colonies. These results indicate that the monosomy 7 karyotype can originate in haematopoietic stem cells with both erythroid and granulocyte/macrophage di

ISSN:0098-1532    

DOI:10.1002/mpo.2950160211

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1988

数据来源: WILEY