ISSN:0273-8457    

DOI:10.1080/10889379209377495

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The year 1882–1883 saw the first international effort at coordinated, synchronized polar research. Through the coordinating efforts of the International Polar Commission, 11 countries (United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany, Austro‐Hungary, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, the Netherlands, and Russia) mounted a total of 14 expeditions, 12 locating themselves in the Northern Hemisphere and 2 in the Southern Hemisphere. For a full calendar year these expeditions carried out a prearranged schedule of synchronized scientific observations, the major foci being meteorology and earth magnetism. Germany dispatched two expeditions, one being to Clear‐water Fiord, Cumberland Sound, Baffin Island. It consisted of seven scientists and support staff of four. One of the members was a mathematician and physicist, H. Abbes. In this article he presents a detailed and lively account of the events of the expedition, not the least interesting aspects being his observations on the local Inuit and their interaction with the expedition.

ISSN:0273-8457    

DOI:10.1080/10889379209377496

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The author (now deceased), a former colleague of Shmidt's on some of his most famous arctic operations, summarizes his contribution to arctic science and to the development of the Soviet Arctic. Highlights included his participation in the voyages of theSibiryakov(1932) and of theChelyuskin(1933–1934) through the Northern Sea Route, his role as head of Glavsevmorput, and his coordination of the establishment and evacuation of Papanin's drifting stationSevernyy polyus 1in 1937–1938.

ISSN:0273-8457    

DOI:10.1080/10889379209377497

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

On the occasion of his sixtieth birthday, two colleagues review V. M. Kotlyakov's contribution to glaciology. They stress not only his formidable level of activity as a researcher, but his major contribution to the promoting of glaciology and geography at both the national and international level, and to popularizing glaciology.

ISSN:0273-8457    

DOI:10.1080/10889379209377498

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This article presents the results of recent geomorphological investigations on coastal terraces in the Kongsfjorden area, northwestern Spitsbergen, by the Laboratory of the Geography of the Sea, University of Brest, France. The work concerns present‐day morphosedimentological processes in beach environments and vertical shoreline displacements during the Holocene. Along the fronts of fluvioglacial outwash plains, the rate of alluvial accretion is very high. The multiple beach ridges in the inner Kongsfjorden area are young, the older ones having been built up at the end of the Little Ice Age. At the tip of the Brøgger Peninsula, offshore bars are affected by overwash processes. This induces an inland migration of the bars, resulting in the uncovering of periglacial patterns in the subtidal zone. These periglacial patterns were submerged during a marine transgression. Radiocarbon dates reveal that the emergence of the land continued after 9000 B.P. and that sea level fell below its present position after that time. Subsequently a marine transgression occurred, beginning before 2100 B.P.

ISSN:0273-8457    

DOI:10.1080/10889379209377499

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Investigations of plant colonization patterns and lichenometry have provided new insights regarding past and present slope processes on Svalbard. Major stages in slope evolution during the Holocene have been identified, and the Neoglacial period (3500–2000 B.P.) is suggested as the starting point for the formation of lobate rock glaciers. Estimates of the frequency of episodic meteorological events, which have geo‐morphological implications, indicate a recurrence interval of rainstorm‐triggered debris flows and slush avalanches of 70 to 600 years. Active and stable slope deposits have been distinguished and the importance of runoff during spring melt and subsurface percolation later in the summer is implied. In order to interpret the data it is necessary to take into account lithology and to realize that some plant communities provide better indications than others. In contrast with the great variability of phanerogamic and moss communities, which primarily reflect ecological conditions, the stability of lichens, especiallyRhizocarpon geographicumcolonizing acidic boulders permits chronological reconstructions back to 4000 B.P. and sometimes even earlier.

ISSN:0273-8457    

DOI:10.1080/10889379209377500

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0273-8457    

DOI:10.1080/10889379209377494

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1992

数据来源: Taylor