摘要:

After an introduction devoted to generalities concerning the impact of development, specifically removal or disruption of vegetation, on the depth of thaw in permafrost zones and hence on the probable incidence of thermokarst, the author introduces a map of zonations of surface stability within the permafrost zones of the USSR. The categories mapped vary from “Areas with severely unstable surfaces”; prone to extreme thermokarst development if the vegetation cover is destroyed, to “Areas with rela‐vtively stable surfaces,”; largely confined to areas with low ice content or to areas of bedrock outcrop. The author recognizes that his map has limitations of scale and that on the basis of it one can make only general statements as to the probability of certain impacts arising from industrial activities in any particular area. An increase in scale of the map would be one obvious necessary refinement for this to become a truly useful tool, but even this small‐scale map is at least a starting point towards monitoring the cryolithozone with a view to environmental protection. (The translation is by William Barr, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon.)

ISSN:0273-8457    

DOI:10.1080/10889378309377198

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Fluvioglacial deposits cover an extensive area on the right bank of the Malyy Anyuy River, the product of the stagnation and down‐wasting of a late Quaternary ice cap with a north‐south extent of at least 100 km. Wood included in some of these deposits provided a radiocarbon age of 10740 ± 40 BP. The author could find no sign of the extensive till deposits reported by earlier researchers. Nor could he find any evidence for distinguishing deposits from various glacial stages within the late Quaternary or for supporting earlier hypotheses that there was evidence for earlier glaciations in the area. (The translation is by William Barr, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon.)

ISSN:0273-8457    

DOI:10.1080/10889378309377199

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Relict permafrost tables indicate cold conditions in the past. By locating the stratigraphic position of such features, useful information can be obtained to reconstruct the climatic fluctuations during the Pleistocene in many polar regions. The authors of the present paper demonstrate that the relict permafrost table can be identified on the basis of the relative content of clay minerals along a vertical soil profile. Although this research was conducted in the plateau areas of western China, the method described can be applied readily to the polar regions that are underlain by permafrost. An increased rate of chemical weathering above the permafrost table results in an increase in illite and a decrease in chlorite. When the position of the permafrost table remains unchanged for a long period, its location will be marked by a high ratio of illite to chlorite. Using this approach, a relict permafrost table was identified from cores on the Qinghai‐Xizang (Tibet) plateau, and its occurrences related to the paleoclimate of the region. (The translation is by Prof. Ming‐ko Woo of McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario).

ISSN:0273-8457    

DOI:10.1080/10889378309377200

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Semen Dezhnev was the first to round the “great rocky cape”; (Chukchi Peninsula) in 1648 and to hear from the Chukchis of two islands of “big‐toothed people”; (Eskimos) opposite the peninsula. One of these islands, called the “great land,”; connoted Alaska. From 1711 this long island was depicted on Russian maps. In 1732 Ivan Fedorov and Mikhail Gvozdev became the first Russians to sight the American coast and to prove that Alaska was not an island but part of a continent. The name “Alaska,”; meaning “whale ground,”; originally denoted the Alaska Peninsula only. (The translation is by James R. Gibson, York University, Downsview, Ontario.)

ISSN:0273-8457    

DOI:10.1080/10889378309377201

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In 1732 a Russian naval expedition aboard the shipSv. Gavriilled by geodesist M. S. Gvozdev reached Bering Strait and sighted and mapped the Diomede Islands and a section of the Alaskan coast in the area of Cape Prince of Wales. Gvozdev thus became not only the first person to determine incontestably that America was not joined to Asia, but also the first European to see any part of Alaska. Maps produced in 1743, incorporating Gvozdev's discoveries, had a major impact on the cartographic representations of this area thereafter, although since these manuscript maps remained classified by the Navy Department some imaginative (and erroneous) anomalies also continued to appear, even in Russian maps, for a number of decades. The author proposes that the Diomede Islands and Cape Prince of Wales by officially renamed the Gvozdev Islands and Cape Gvozdev respectively. (The translation is by William Barr, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon.)

ISSN:0273-8457    

DOI:10.1080/10889378309377202

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0273-8457    

DOI:10.1080/10889378309377203

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0273-8457    

DOI:10.1080/10889378309377197

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor