摘要:

The article discusses the occurrence of a zone of deep‐lying relict permafrost in the northern part of the Ket’ basin in the West Siberian Plain. It occurs at depths varying from 117 to 283 m. This permafrost is very “warm,”; its temperature being only a fraction of a degree below 0° C. It is suggested that this permafrost may not be related to atmospheric temperatures, but rather to processes occurring within the rocks; as gas compressed within permeable reservoir rocks escapes through fractures in overlying impermeable clay beds, the release of pressure may produce a reduction in temperature sufficient to initiate freezing.

ISSN:0273-8457    

DOI:10.1080/10889379309377522

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The tundra and forest‐tundra of the Taymyr Autonomous Okrug support over 50,000 domesticated reindeer and almost 600,000 wild reindeer. However enormous areas of rangeland have been destroyed, or their quality drastically reduced, by atmospheric pollution from the Noril'sk metallurgical complex. Grazing is further at risk from the unrestricted use of tracked vehicles in exploration for oil and gas and in pipeline construction and in the building of electricity transmission lines. Since 1978 legislation has been in place for establishing levels of compensation for damage to reindeer pastures, but has had little effect, largely since all the factors involved in costing the restoration of reindeer pastures were not taken into consideration. The author proposes an equation for calculating the true cost of such damage based on the loss of productivity in terms of potential yield of reindeer meat, distinguishing between winter and summer conditions. Her estimate of the true cost of the damage inflicted by the Noril'sk metallurgical combine is 4.4 billion rubles.

ISSN:0273-8457    

DOI:10.1080/10889379309377523

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0273-8457    

DOI:10.1080/10889379309377524

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0273-8457    

DOI:10.1080/10889379309377525

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0273-8457    

DOI:10.1080/10889379309377521

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor