摘要:

SUMMARYA double blind, controlled study was carried out in order to investigate the effects of administering spironolactone, 200 mg daily, to five healthy male volunteers. The patterns of change in plasma testosterone (T) and luteinizing hormone (LH) after spironolactone were significantly different from placebo and there were significant increases in the urinary excretion of androsterone (A), aetiocholanolone (EC) and total oestrogen. Urinary dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA) excretion, after an initial rise, declined progressively during the treatment period relative to controls. The results are discussed in the light of previous observations. It is concluded that treatment with spironolactone for 2–4 days will lead to a transient rise in plasma T and urinary DHA. Continued treatment (4–10 days) is thought to cause increased LH secretion, with normalization of plasma T and DHA excretion. These changes are accompanied by increased androgen catabolism and a slightly increased conversion of androgens to oestrogens. Healthy men may therefore show alterations in sex steroid metabolism if treated for several days with high doses of spironolact

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1978.tb03578.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThyroid status was estimated serially by measuring triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) and thyrotrophin (hTSH) in 20 patients suffering from meningococcal meningitis, typhoid fever and other acute febrile illnesses.Significantly low T3 and only slightly increased T4 were observed in all the patients. hTSH was normal in all of these. A significant reciprocal relationship was found between the degree of fever and fall in T3 concentrations.T3 tended to rise in patients who recovered but in those who deteriorated or died, T3 remained persistently low.

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1978.tb03579.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYPlasma oestrone (E,) and androstenedione (A) were measured in 96 untreated and 18 corticosteroid‐treated post‐menopausal women. Levels of both hormones were consistently lower in the steroid‐treated cases, presumably due to suppression of ACTH secretion. There was a clear relationship between A and Ei levels in both groups and when the data were pooled they formed a continuous series with a curvilinear relationship going through the origin. This relationship could be described by an equation based on Michaelis‐Menten kinetics, suggesting that the rate of A to E! conversion is an inverse function of the plasma androstenedione level. The main determinant of plasma E] was plasma A; body weight and age were of subsidiary importance. Secondary oestrogen deficiency may be a factor in the genesis of steroid‐induced osteoporosis in post‐menopausal women and oestrogen therapy may be indicated in this group

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1978.tb03580.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYTwelve female patients (mean age 60 years, range 41–74) with euthyroid multinodular goitre and a flat TRH test (median A TSH 0.9 IU/ml, range 0–3.5) had normal prolactin responses to TRH (median A prolactin 48 ng/ml, range 6–115). The results are comparable with those in euthyroid patients receiving full substitution doses of thyroid hormone without increasing T3 and/or T4 levels beyond the normal

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1978.tb03581.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARY100 mg i.m. sulpiride (a dopamine‐receptor‐blocking drug) led to a significant rise in plasma TSH in normal women, in female patients with galactorrhoea, and, to a much more marked degree, in male and female patients with primary hypothyroidism. In the hypothyroid patients, there was a significant positive correlation between basal TSH and its maximum increment after sulpiride. The drug proved to be an even more potent stimulator of PRL, at least in subjects with normal blood PRL. Normal males, on the other hand, displayed no significant changes in TSH after sulpiride. Continuous administration (150 mg/day per os for 15 days) also resulted in enhancement of TSH in normal women. These results suggest that TSH release is controlled by a dopaminergic mechanism in man. The more accentuated TSH response in hypothyroid patients may perhaps be attributable to the absence of negative‐feedback on the part of thyroid hor

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1978.tb03582.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYAn LH‐RH test was performed before and 44 and 92 h after treatment with 2.5 mg oestradiol benzoate in 17 patients with a diagnosis of polycystic ovarian (PCO) disease. The responses were compared with the same tests performed on ten normal subjects during the early follicular phase of their menstrual cycles (days 4–6). Patients were divided into two groups on the basis of their LH responses to LH‐RH. In Group A (seven patients) the response at 92 h was greater than at 44 h as in the normal subjects, but in Group B (ten patients) the response at 44 h was greater than at 92 h. Basal serum hormone values were similar in the two groups except for androgens and oestrone, which were significantly (P<0.01) higher in Group B patients. There was a negative correlation between the basal androgen and oestrone concentrations and the LH and FSH amplifications at 92 h in all PCO patients.The ratios of the basal concentrations of LH to FSH and the ratios of the highest levels of each achieved during the basal LH‐RH test, were significantly higher in the two groups of patients when compared to controls (P<0.01).The test is of value in predicting the subsequent responsiveness to clomiphene. All patients in Group A showed evidence of ovulation following treatment with 100 mg clomiphene for 5 days, but only one of Group B responded in t

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1978.tb03583.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYAn experimental model is described which can be used to study substrate and hormone responses to normal meals administered in very near normal circumstances. After 500, 300 and 125 calorie meals, the relative proportion of fat or protein content did not influence the plasma glucose except for minor differences between the high protein‐high fat meals. The insulin response to such meals was correlated positively with the increment in glucose but reduction of protein content below 8 g caused a significant reduction in the increment in plasma insulin per unit increase in plasma glucose. Alterations in protein content above 8 g made no difference. Fat content of the meal did not significantly alter the insulin response. No evidence was obtained for a major component of insulin release attributable to either bulk or pre‐absorption phenomena such as sight or smell. It is concluded that a significant accentuation of the insulin response to meals is dependent on a minimum amount of protein and that this is probably mediated by one of the gastro‐intestinal hormones. Glucagon release is dependent on protein and carbohydrate content of the meal and is independent of the fat content. There may also be an early stimulation of glucagon release, regardless of content, which may also be hormonally med

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1978.tb03584.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe effect of heroin addiction on pituitary‐testicular function was studied in 54 active and 19 abstinent addicts and their results were compared with those of 43 age‐matched controls. Abnormal sexual function was frequently found in heroin addicts and this persisted after drug withdrawal. The mean total (mean ± SE, 18.1 ± 1.0 nmol/l) and free (0.17 ± 0.03 nmol/l) testosterone (T) levels in heroin addicts were significantly lower than those in healthy controls (total T 22.8 ± 1.1 nmol/l, P<0.005; free T 0.30 ± 0.03 nmol/l,P<0.005). The mean sex hormone binding globulin binding capacity was higher in heroin addicts (60.1 ± 5.2 nM) than in healthy controls (35.5 ± 2.1 nM). These hormonal changes returned promptly to normal after withdrawal. The basal LH and FSH and the responses to LHRH were comparable in the three groups studied.The finding of significantly lower total and free T together with higher SHBG indicates an abnormal testicular function in heroin addiction. Normal basal and LHRH‐stimulated LH and FSH levels suggest that chronic heroin abuse depressed testicular function via the hypothalamus or hi

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1978.tb03585.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYChanges in glucagon, growth hormone (GH), cortisol, renin and aldosterone accompanying the metabolic disturbances and dehydration of severe diabetic ketoacidosis were studied over a 24 h period in eight patients treated with a constant intravenous insulin infusion. Mean steady state plasma‐free insulin levels achieved were 28.6–49 mu/l in patients receiving 2 u/h but a satisfactory rate of fall of glucose was not always obtained until the infusion dose was increased to 4 u/h or more. The total insulin dose administered was positively correlated with the level of plasma glucagon and cortisol on admission. During insulin infusion, both glucagon and cortisol fell but the rate of fall was not related to dose or plasma level of free insulin achieved. In six of eight patients studied increments in plasma GH above admission levels were observed during insulin treatment. Admission values of both plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone were raised. The renin levels were highest in newly diagnosed diabetics, and two patients with long‐established diabetes showed only small increments despite profound dehydration. Plasma renin activity, but not plasma aldosterone correlated with the fluid and sodium retention over the initial 24 h treatment period, but not with potassium requirements. The urinary excretion rates of the small molecular weight proteins GH and insulin, were considerably elevated over the treatment and convalescent pe

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1978.tb03586.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this article:New Concepts in Endocrinology and Metabolism. Ed. by L. I. ROSE and R. L. LAVINEInternational Review of Physiology, Volume 16. Endocrine Physiology 11. Ed. by S. M. McCANNAuxology: Human Growth in Health and Disorder, Proceedings of the Serono Symposia, Volume 13. Ed. by L. JEDDA and P. PARISIGut Hormones. Ed. by S. R. BLOOMprolacrin, Volume 5. By D. F. HORRABINThe Thyroid: a fundamental&clinical text. 4th Ed. Ed. by SIDNEY C. WERNER and SIDNEY H. INGBAR

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1978.tb03587.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY