摘要:

SUMMARYSulpiride induces an increase in plasma prolactin and a simultaneous increase of aldosterone release in man. In isolated and superfused bovine adrenal glands, prolactin does not increase aldosterone production even in high concentrations, whereas sulpiride induces a significant and long lasting increase in the production of this hormone and a concomitant increase in the tissue levels of cAMP. This suggests a direct effect on the biosynthesis of aldosterone.

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1980.tb01016.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYIn order to evaluate the interference of prolactin (PRL) on some aspects of pituitary‐gonadal derangement observed in patients with hyperprolactinaemic amenorrhoea (HA), a GnRH stimulation test (100 μg i.v.) was performed on twenty‐one patients with hyperprolactinaemia without evidence of pituitary tumour and in nine subjects with Turner's syndrome (TS) before and after sulpiride administration (200 mg/day orally, for 3 months). In patients with HA an enhanced response of gonadotrophins to GnRH was observed. In patients with TS a further increase of the gonadotrophin hyper‐responsiveness to the releasing hormone occurred when hyperprolactinaemia was induced by chronic sulpiride administration. Since, in these patients, appreciable ovarian steroido‐genesis is lacking, a direct effect of the increased plasma PRL at the hypothalamo‐pituitary level is likely. In hyperprolactinaemic amenorrhoea pituitary hyper‐responsiveness may not be due to PRL effect on ovarian ste

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1980.tb01017.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA determination was made of total urinary adenosine 3′‐5′cyclic monophosphate (UcAMP), nephrogenous cyclic AMP (NcAMP) excretion and also of the renal tubular maximum reabsorptive capacity for phosphate TmPO4/GFR (all expressed as a function of the glomerular filtrate) in fourteen patients with primary hypercalcaemic hyperparathyroidism and twelve control normal subjects. The hyperparathyroid patients gave a mean excretion of UcAMP (7·0 ± 45·68 nmol/100 ml GF; mean ± SEM), NcAMP (6·19 ± 0·64 nmol/100 ml GF) which were significantly greater (P<0·001) than those of normal controls, (2′45 ± 0·15nmol/100 ml GF and 1·25 ± 0·12nmol/100 ml GF) respectively. The difference between the patients and controls for the maximum renal tubular reabsorptive capacity for phosphate (TmPO4/GFR) (patients 0·55 ± 0·04, controls 1·05 ± 0·05 mmol/l GFR) was also highly significant (P<0·001). Statistical evaluation of the results obtained from the patients with primary hyperparathyroidism revealed that there was a positive correlation between the level of plasma calcium and immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (PTH) (r=+0·46), NcAMP(r=+0·337), UcAMP (r=+0·36), and an inverse correlation with the TmPO4/GFR (r=−0·62). There was also a positive correlation between plasma immunoreactive PTH and NcAMP(r=+0·31), and UcAMP(r=+0·35), and an inverse correlation with the TmPO4/GFR (r=−0–39). Successful removal of a single parathyroid adenoma in six patients was associated with a highly significant fall in the excretion of UcAMP, NcAMP, and a rise in the TmPO4/GFR (P<0·005). The combination of a low TmPO4/GFR and a high excretion of UcAMP or NcAMP in the presence of hypercalcaemia is highly suggestive of primary hyperparathyroidism in the absence o

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1980.tb01018.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYBlood thyroid hormone levels were measured during, and for 6 days after, treatment with propranolol (160 mg/day, 4–8 weeks) in five hyperthyroid patients and six normal volunteers. In hyperthyroid patients triiodothyronine (T3) and free triiodothyronine index (FT3I) rose to peak levels 60 h after propranolol withdrawal without significant change in thyroxine (T4) or Thyopac‐3 test. In normal subjects no significant change in thyroid hormone levels was seen during propranolol treatment or withdrawal. The rise in T3 and FT3I coincides with, and may contribute to, the rebound increase in adrenergic activity after propranolol withdrawal in hyperthyroid

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1980.tb01019.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYGlucose and free fatty acid (FFA) turnover (RT) were measured by isotopic methods in groups of patients with thyrotoxicosis and hypothyroidism and compared with normal subjects. Patients with thyrotoxicosis were then studied after treatment with oral propranolol and again after treatment with carbimazole. Patients with hypothyroidism were studied again after treatment with thyroxine. Glucose RT was increased by about a third in thyrotoxicosis (12·7 μmol.min.−1kg−1±1·0 SEM compared to 9·5 ± 0·5 in normal subjects) while FFA RT was doubled (12·5 μmol. min.−1kg−1± 1·2 compared to 6·3 ± 0·9 in normals). Propranolol was without effect, but carbimazole normalized these variables. In hypothyroidism both glucose and FFA RT were normal (9·1±0·7 and 6·7 ± 0·9 respectively). Mean glucose and FFA RT both rose following thyroxine treatment, but not significantly; the post−treatment values remaining within the normal range (10·3±0·7 and 7·0±1·3 respectively). Oxidation of FFA, as estimated byI4CO2excretion, was increased in thyrotoxicosis (42·8%±2·9 SEM compared to 34·8 ± 2·3 in normal subjects) and fell with carbimazole treatment (34·7 ± 4·1). In hypothyroid subjects FFA oxidation increased following thyro

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1980.tb01020.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYMetoclopramide, a dopamine antagonist drug, elevated plasma aldosterone and prolactin levels without significantly affecting plasma renin activity, ACTH or potassium. Studies with isolated perfused rat zona glomerulosa cells showed that metoclopramide could directly stimulate aldosterone release and that this action was blocked by dopamine. These results suggest that dopamine may play an important inhibitory role in the control of aldosterone secretion.

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1980.tb01021.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA long‐acting synthetic analogue of LHRH [D‐Ser (TBU)6EA10LHRH] was administered intramuscularly to thirteen normal women in the early‐to‐mid follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Six women received a single injection of 5 μg of analogue and seven received 10 μg of the analogue, followed by 20 and 10 μg at 10 and 24 h after the first injection, respectively. The concentrations of LH, FSH and oestradiol in plasma were measured before, and at intervals up to 72 h after treatment. In the group receiving 5 μg of analogue the concentrations of both LH and FSH rose rapidly to a peak value five times the pre‐injection value, 5 h after injection. The concentrations of both gonadotrophins remained elevated for 10 h, but 24 h after injection had returned to control values. The concentration of oestradiol rose progressively to reach a peak value 7 h after injection. In the second group of women, receiving three injections of analogue, there was a rapid twelvefold increase in the concentration of LH in plasma within 4 h of the initial injection, and plasma concentrations remained elevated for 10 h. The concentration of FSH rose progressively to a peak value, five times the pretreatment value, 5 h after the initial injection and was still elevated after 10 h. The concentrations of both gonadotrophins remained elevated above pretreatment values for at least 34 h after the start of treatment. The concentration of oestradiol rose gradually to a peak value 7 h after the initiation of treatment and remained elevated for 34 h. These results indicate that a single injection of the LHRH analogue is effective in demonstrating pituitary secretory activity, but repeated applications are required to induce and maintain a rise in plasma LH similar in magnitude and duration to the pre‐ovulatory, mid‐cycle surge. This analogue of LHRH provides a simple means of evaluation of the secretory capacity of the a

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1980.tb01022.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYCirculating immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (PTH) was measured by a homologous, amino‐terminal, specific, immunoradiometric assay in man. In forty‐two healthy subjects the concentrations ranged between<40 pg/ml and 120 pg/ml. No hormone could be detected in the sera of eleven patients with hypoparathyroidism, but the concentrations were clearly elevated in six patients with pseudohypoparathyroidism (range 190–1120 pg/ml). In thirty‐five patients with primary hyperparathyroidism the mean (±SEM) concentration was 283·4±42·4 pg/ml (range 100–1350 pg/ml). A significant positive correlation was demonstrated between immunoassayable hormone and serum calcium concentrations in these patients. In nine patients PTH concentrations were measured before and after parathyroidectomy. In all of them they were elevated pre‐operatively but fell to the normal range after parathyroidectomy. The disappearance of exogenously administered synthetic human PTH (1–34) from the circulation of two normal subjects was rapid with an apparent plasma half‐disappearance time (t½) between 2 and 3 min; the metabolic clearance rate was 12·9 and 9·0 ml. kg‐1, min‐1respectively. Similarly, the disappearance of endogenous, amino‐terminal, immunoreactive PTH from the circulation of two patients with primary hyperparathyroidism after parathyroidectomy was rapid; the apparentt½ was approximately 3 min. Homologous amino‐terminal specific immunoassays for PTH can thus be useful for the study of both the acute, and chronic, changes of circulating hormone in man and represent an improvement over hetero

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1980.tb01023.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe prolonged metyrapone test is used to assess the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis. The dynamic responses of cortisol, ACTH and 11‐deoxycortisol over the 3 h of the single morning dose metyrapone test have been examined in fourteen normal adult subjects. In every case there was a rapid, sustained fall in cortisol, but the resultant ACTH responses were extremely variable and in two subjects did not exceed values obtained during the control studies. The rise in 11‐deoxycortisol was also variable and in several instances occurred without any significant elevation in ACTH. In these cases, the rise in 11‐deoxycortisol may be due to a normal level of production of steroids with a shift from cortisol to 11‐deoxycortisol induced by the metyrapone. Thus, the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis may not be adequately tested, and this together with the high incidence of unpleasant side effects, makes the 3 h oral metyrapone test unsatisfactory for routin

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1980.tb01024.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYPlasma levels of LH, FSH, oestradiol 17β and testosterone were measured in twenty‐two men with gynaecomastia. The group was divided by age into those under and those over 50‐years‐old and the mean hormone levels of the two groups were compared with two groups of age‐matched normal men. In the young men with gynaecomastia LH and consequently the LH: FSH ratio was lower than in controls. Older patients with gynaecomastia had higher values of both LH and FSH than normal controls but the LH: FSH ratio was similar in the two groups. A pulsatile pattern of LH was present only in the young controls. Older controls had higher FSH levels than younger controls. In older men with gynaecomastia oestradiol levels and the oestradiol: testosterone ratio were higher than in those

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1980.tb01025.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY