摘要:

SUMMARYHomologous radioimmunoassays have been developed for native hCG and its α and β subunits. Their specificities were assessed by analysis of the inhibition curves and by gel filtration of purified preparations of native hCG, hCGα and hCGβ, and of sera from pregnant women, on Sephadex G 100. Gel filtration data indicated a true cross‐reaction of native hCG in the hCGβ and hCGα assays of 0.5 and 0.35%, respectively. After validation of the RIA procedures for unfiltered serum assays, we have demonstrated that in 311 maternal sera obtained in 207 normal singleton pregnancies, free circulating hCGα increases continuously, whereas free hCGβ and native hCG peak between the 8th‐10th week. The ratio (hCGβ/hCG) x 100 is greatest during the first trimester (2–3%) and decreases thereafter to around 1%. The ratio (hCGα/hCG) x 100 is<1% at the beginning of pregnancy, 2% at 14 weeks and 15–20% from the 23rd week onwards. The levels of hCG and its subunits are higher in fifty‐two samples obtained throughout normal twin pregnancies than in corresponding single pregnancies, but the ratios subunit: hCG are the same, suggesting qualitatively similar placental secretion in both types of pregnancy. Analysis of pregnancy sera by gel filtration and assay of hCG and subunits in eluant fractions confirmed that free α and β subunits are present in the circulation and that hCGα rises while hCG and hCGβ fall in late pregnancy. Heterogeneity of the circulating hCGβ subu

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1980.tb03390.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYUsing specific homologous radioimmunoassays of native hCG and its α and β subunits, we determined the levels of these glycoproteins in unfiltered maternal blood serially obtained in five non‐invasive hydatidiform moles before and after evacuation. Some of these samples were assayed after gel filtration chromatography on Sephadex G 100. Twelve samples, obtained in cases of invasive trophoblastic tumour after ablative surgery and chemotherapy, were also assessed for their hCG, hCGα and hCGβ content. In unaborted moles, mean circulating levels of native hCG and free hCGβ were considerably increased (seven and thirteen times, respectively) as compared to normal pregnancies of the same age, whereas levels of free hCGα were either normal or slightly elevated. Chromatographic analyses of molar sera confirmed the presence of free circulating subunits, and separated hCGβ in its monomeric form from its higher molecular weight form, the latter being in greater quantity than in normal pregnancy sera. In contrast, the elution profile of serum native hCG was comparable in cases of normal and molar pregnancy. Successful curettage was accompanied by a return to normal levels of the native hCG and its α and β subunits in 40–90 days. Persistence of tumour tissue was indicated by a slight increase in levels of native hCG and the β subunit. Determination of α subunit level was less useful for the detection

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1980.tb03391.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe acute adrenal response to potassium chloride and angiotensin II (A II) infusions was studied in hypopituitary patients and compared with normal subjects. The peripheral plasma levels of aldosterone (PAC), cortisol (F), potassium (K), and plasma renin activity (PRA), were measured at 09.00 h and after 60 and 120 min of infusion. All subjects were recumbent and under balance conditions, receiving a daily dietary intake of 180 mmol of sodium and 80 mmol of potassium. Basal PAC in hypopituitary patients was not significantly different from that observed in the control group. Both normal and hypopituitary patients respond to A II infusion with significant increments. Under potassium chloride stimulus the PAC response in hypopituitary patients was only observed when cortisol (20 mg) was given 2 h prior to the infusion. When cortisol replacement was omitted the response to KCl was not detected. These results suggest a permissive role of cortisol on glomerulosa response to potassium.

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1980.tb03392.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYSix patients with hypothyroidism and hypertension whose blood pressure fell to normal when treated with thyroxine (172.7.2/112.2.1 to 140.3.2/84.1.6 mmHg,P<0.001) are described. Plasma renin activity (1.76±0.63 ng angiotensin I.ml−1.h−1) was low before treatment. Hypertension with low plasma renin is consistent with sodium retention. Hypertension in the hypothyroid patient only requires further evaluation if it persists after adequate treatment with thyro

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1980.tb03393.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYSerum thyroid hormone levels were measured before and during 10 days treatment with acebutolol (400 mg/day), oxprenolol (160 mg/day) and propranolol (160 mg/day) in eighteen hyperthyroid patients. A significant change in thyroid hormone concentrations was seen only in the group treated with propranolol. Propranolol should be used in preference to beta‐adrenoreceptor blocking drugs with partial agonist activity, in the treatment of hyperthyroidis

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1980.tb03394.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThirty‐nine patients with untreated hypothyroidism have been examined using echocardiography for the presence of a pericardial effusion. Effusions were present in twelve patients who tended to be more severely hypothyroid. Plasma creatine phosphokinase and lactate dehydrogenase levels were higher in the presence of an effusion. Nine were reinvestigated during thyroxine replacement therapy and the effusions did not disappear until thyroid function tests had returned to normal. There were no specific electrocardiographic changes associated with the presence of an effusion which could be associated with a normal cardiac silhouette on a standard P.A. chest X‐

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1980.tb03395.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYTwo cases of corticosterone‐secreting adrenal adenomata are reported. Both patients were middle‐aged females in whom the clinical course spanned several years before the diagnosis was made. Severe hypertension and recurrent hypo‐kalaemia refractory to standard treatments were outstanding features. The importance of measuring the production rates of all mineralocorticoids when a tumour is suspected is emphasized by Case 1 where the production rate of corticosterone alone was elevated. Bilateral renal artery stenosis was responsible for unsuppressed plasma renin activity in C

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1980.tb03396.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe metabolic sequelae of hyperprolactinaemia were studied over a 12 h period of normal meals and activity in nine young female hyperprolactinaemic subjects and fourteen matched controls. In the patients, fasting blood glucose and serum insulin concentrations were normal, as was the blood glucose response to meals; the insulin rise with meals was, however, exaggerated and hyperinsulinaemia persisted throughout the day (mean ± SEM 12 h serum insulin, 26 ± 8 vs. 16 ± 9 mu/l,P<0.01). Blood lactate, pyruvate and alanine response to meals was also increased. Blood glycerol (mean 12 h blood glycerol 0.06 ± 0.01 vs. 0.09 ± 0.01 mmol/l,P<0.01) and blood 3‐hydroxybutyrate (mean 12 h blood 3‐hydroxybutyrate 0.03 ± 0.01 vs. 0.05 ± 0.01 mmol/l,P<0.05) concentrations were lower in hyperprolactinaemic subjects. There was a strong negative correlation between mean insulin and mean 3‐hydroxybutyrate levels in the afternoon period (rs = ‐0.92,P<0.01). Excess circulating prolactin in young females is associated with normoglycaemic hyperinsulinaemia. The changes in blood metabolite levels observed are probably secondary to the increased insulin

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1980.tb03397.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYBecause of the stimulating effects of bombesin on growth hormone and prolactin secretion in the rat, we have studied the effects of bombesin infusions on anterior pituitary hormone secretion in man. Biological activity of the infused bombesin was confirmed by observing a brisk increase in serum gastrin concentrations and in gastric acid secretion during the lowest dose of bombesin infused. We could demonstrate no effect of bombesin in doses from 200 to 600 pmol.kg−1.h−1on growth hormone, prolactin, thyrotrophin, luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating horm

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1980.tb03398.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYBone biopsies were performed and serum concentrations of vitamin D metabolites were measured in twenty‐four patients with chronic renal failure. The concentrations of three metabolites‐25‐dihydroxyvitamin D (25‐OHD). 24,25‐dihydroxyvitarnin D (24,25‐OH2D) and 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25‐OH2D)‐were significantly lower in uraemic than in normal sera. There was a positive correlation between serum 24,25‐OH2D and serum 25‐OHD, whereas serum 1,25‐OH2D values, which were independent of those of the other vitamin D metabolites, were negatively correlated with serum creatinine and serum inorganic phosphate. The two major skeletal lesions, osteomalacia and parathyroid osteopathy, while coexisting in many patients, varied independently in relation to their severity and were correlated with different vitamin D metabolites. The severity of osteomalacia was negatively correlated with the serum concentrations of 25‐OHD and 24,25‐OH2D while the severity of parathyroid osteopathy was negatively correlated with serum 1,25‐OH2D values. To our knowledge these are the first systematic studies correlating skeletal histology with dihydroxylated vitamin D metabo

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1980.tb03399.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY