摘要:

SUMMARYGrowth rate, skeletal maturation and thyroid function were measured in fifty thalas‐saemic children (age 2–13 years) and in fifty controls (matched for sex and age who were not anaemic. Growth retardation was present in several patients during the first years of life and affected almost all subjects examined when they were approaching puberty. Discrepancy between bone and height age in patients was not significantly different from controls. The finding of low T4 and T3 with a high TSH indicated thyroid hypofunction. This finding, already present early in life, did not worsen with increasing age. In β‐thalassaemia hypothyroidism cannot be the cause of retarded growth since there is no relationship between the impairment in thyroid function and severity of growth retardation. In addition, height age was not different from bone age, while a discrepancy is a constant feature of low stature due to hypothyr

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1978.tb02169.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYDaily profiles of plasma 18‐hydroxy‐11‐deoxycorticosterone (18‐OH‐DOC) were studied in four normal supine men on a normal sodium intake. Blood was taken every hour from 01.00 to 24.00 hours. Plasma cortisol (F) and aldosterone (A) were determined hourly for comparative studies. 18‐OH‐DOC fluctuated considerably during the 24 h period of investigation, the highest values being found during the early morning hours in synchrony with F. The episodic secretions of 18‐OH‐DOC were also significantly correlated with those of A, which in turn paralleled those of F. We conclude that ACTH, plays a definite role in the regulation of 18‐OH‐DOC in normal supine men on

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1978.tb02170.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYEighteen acromegalic patients GH‐responsive to TRH were reinvestigated following trans‐sphenoidal surgery and radiotherapy. Basal serum GH decreased below 10 μg/l in thirteen cases; nine of them became GH‐unresponsive to TRH 1 month after operation, and another one following conventional pituitary irradiation. Four of these ten patients also showed a normal GH response tol‐Dopa after treatment, and five responded normally to insulin‐induced hypoglycaemia; two patients had a normal GH secretory pattern after both these stimuli.No recurrences were observed over a follow‐up period of 15–80 months among the ten patients who became GH‐unresponsive to TRH following operation, while one of the three subjects still responsive to TRH in spite of normalized basal serum GH concentration relapsed 10 months after surgery. Three patients with normalized TRH test following operation were repeatedly reinvestigated over a 3–6 years period and always found unresponsive.The present study shows that the ‘paradoxical’ GH responses to TRH andl‐Dopa frequently disappear after surgery, that complete normalization of GH secretory pattern may rarely be attained, and that the disappearance of GH response to TRH probably indicates satisfactory treatment of acromegaly. These data suggest that the ‘paradoxical’ GH responses frequently found in acromegaly are dependent on the adenomaper seand not

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1978.tb02171.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe effects of clomiphene and tamoxifen treatment on the concentrations of oestradiol and progesterone in plasma were compared in the same infertile women. Nine patients, three with anovulation and six with suspected luteal phase deficiency, were given clomiphene during 2 months and tamoxifen during 2 months. Placebo treatment was given in the month before the first drug and during a month between drug treatments. The concentrations of oestradiol and progesterone were determined by radioimmunoassay in three samples collected each month between days 6 and 8, 11 and 13, and 18 and 20.The mean concentration of oestradiol at the time of the expected pre‐ovulatory rise was 0.82 nmol/l with placebo treatment, 1.20 nmol/l following tamoxifen treatment and 5.00 nmol/l after clomiphene treatment (normal menstrual cycle maximum, 2.0 nmol/l). The mean concentration of progesterone in the luteal phases reached maxima of 41 nmol/l, 47 nmol/l and>72 nmol/l, respectively (normal menstrual cycle maximum, 60 nmol/l). When the frequency distributions of hormone concentrations were examined for each treatment, clomiphene and tamoxifen were both found to alter the distribution from that of placebo treatment (Chi‐square analysis), giving a larger proportion of high concentrations.In the six patients with suspected luteal phase deficiency clomiphene treatment was followed by biochemical evidence of ovarian hyperstimulation. There was no evidence of this when any of these patients were treated with tamoxifen, nor in anovulatory patients treated with clomiph

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1978.tb02172.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe effect of a small dose of somatostatin (0.05 mg/h) on the gastric secretion of acid, pepsin and Intrinsic Factor (IF) after stepwise increases in the dose of pentagastrin was examined in six healthy volunteers. The gastric secretion of acid, pepsin and IF in response to pentagastrin was significantly reduced by a continuous infusion of somatostatin. The pattern of inhibition indicates that somatostatin is a competitive inhibitor of pentagastrin in the stimulation of gastric secretion of both acid, pepsin and IF. This finding supports the hypothesis of a direct effect of somatostatin on the exocrine secretory cells of the stomach.

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1978.tb02173.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYWe describe here two patients with hypothyroidism due to pituitary‐hypothalamic disease in whom basal thyrotrophin (TSH) levels measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) were elevated yet when measured by a cytochemical bioassay (CBA) were found to be normal. This finding and the absence of the normal rise of thyroid hormones in response to thyrotrophin‐releasing hormone (TRH) mediated release of TSH confirms for the first time the secretion of TSH with impaired biological activity. Primary thyroid disease as a cause for the elevated immunoreactive TSH was excluded by the absence of circulating thyroid antibodies and by a normal thyroidal radioiodine uptake response to exogenous

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1978.tb02174.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYConcentrations of progesterone, cortisol, free (unbound) progesterone and cortisol binding capacity (CBG) in blood samples were measured serially from 3 weeks preceding delivery to 5 days post partum. There was no change in total plasma progesterone in the last few weeks of pregnancy or during labour but after delivery the concentration of progesterone decreased significantly. Cortisol concentrations showed no change in the last 3 weeks of pregnancy but increased considerably (by 67%) during labour and remained at this high level until at least 2 h post partum, decreasing thereafter. At 5 days post partum the cortisol concentrations were significantly lower than those found a few weeks before labour. The fraction of free progesterone did not change during labour but there was a significant rise in percentage free progesterone 2 h post partum. This rise in percentage free progesterone coincided with the highest concentration of plasma cortisol and a relatively low plasma progesterone. The fraction of free progesterone decreased 1 day post partum to levels that were similar to or slightly lower than those existing before delivery. There was no change in the concentration of CBG before or during labour or at least until 5 days post partum. These results generally support the suggestion that the rise in cortisol concentration during labour can lead to an increase in the fraction of free progesterone.

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1978.tb02175.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA young women presenting with hyperthyroidism proved to have diffuse infiltration of the thyroid with carcinoma probably from a primary breast adenocarcinoma. The gland was diffusely infiltrated with tumour although the thyroid follicles were intact. Blood thyroid hormone levels were raised but thyroid uptake of iodine was undetectable. It is suggested that the tumour released a locally active agent which stimulated hormone release but not iodine uptake, the latter being very low due to suppression of TSH.

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1978.tb02176.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYTo determine whether hypothalamic function is normal in patients with idiopathic gonadotrophin deficiency, nine men with this syndrome were studied. Water conservation after overnight dehydration, thermoregulatory responses to a cold (10°C) environmental stress and prolactin secretion following chlorpromazine stimulation were investigated. In response to dehydration, maximal urinary osmolality was 1058 ± 135 mOsm/kg (mean ± SD) and no patient showed further increase after exogenous vasopressin administration. The patients responded to the cold stimulus by vigorous shivering and maintained their core body temperatures. Basal concentrations of prolactin which were 12.7 ± 4.6 ng/ml increased by 15 ng/ml following Thyrotrophin‐releasing hormone in six of seven men tested, indicating normal pituitary reserve. Prolactin concentrations doubled in seven of eight men who received chlorpromazine. All responses were indistinguishable from those of normal men. While a diminished secretion of gonadotrophin releasing hormone by the hypothalamus remains the most plausible cause of idiopathic gonadotrophin deficiency, our data indicate that the associated hypothalamic functions tested are intact in men with this syn

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1978.tb02177.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYFive clinically normal male volunteers were given metoclopramide, 10 mg t.d.s. for 6 weeks. During treatment prolactin concentrations were elevated (over 50 ng/ml) in all. LH, FSH, testosterone and cortisol concentrations were not altered. No change was observed in LH or FSH responses to LHRH testing 4 weeks after the beginning of therapy, compared with pre‐treatment values. A reduction in seminal volume and total sperm count were observed in each subject. Four noticed a decrease in libido and three lost spontaneous erections. While the metoclopramide‐induced hyperprolactinaemia could be the cause of the observed changes in semen and erectile activity, it is possible that this dopamine receptor blocking drug might directly affect central or peripheral mechanism of erection, the testes or accessory org

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1978.tb02178.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1978

数据来源: WILEY