摘要:

SUMMARYRecent reports have shown that thyroid‐stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) may be detected by measuring cyclic AMP increases in cultures of isolated thyroid cells in response to added patient immunoglobulins (Ig). We have compared the frequency that TSI may be detected in the Ig fraction of 114 sera from 112 patients with a variety of thyroid disorders, to the presence of thyrotrophin binding inhibitor Ig (TBII). Whereas the sera of 46 out of 48 (95·6%) patients with untreated thyrotoxic Graves' disease had detectable TSI, only 26 out of 48 (54·2%) had detectable TBII. We did not find any significant correlation between TSI and TBII for these patients but there was a significant correlation between TSI and both serum T3 (r=+0·55,P<0·01) and T4 (r=+0·50,P<0·01). Twelve patients were studied at the time of relapse of thyrotoxicosis due to Graves' disease. All sera contained detectable TSI whereas only one contained detectable TBII. Of the sera from 20 patients in remission after antithyroid drug therapy three were positive for TSI. One of these samples as well as two others had detectable TBII. The two samples with TBII in the absence of TSI came from patients who had developed hypothyroidism. TSI were detected in the serum of one out of nine patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis but not in the sera of 20 other patients with a variety of non‐autoimmune thyroid disorders including five patients with thyrotoxicosis not due to Graves' disease. However TSI was found in the sera of three out of five patients with exophthalmos and no history of hyperthyroidism. In conclusion using this technique, TSI can be detected in the majority of sera from thyrotoxic Graves' disease patients. It offers information more relevant to the study and management of thyrotoxicosis than is provided by the more widely used T

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1985.tb01088.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYSex hormone and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels were measured in the plasma of postmenopausal women with non‐alcoholic liver cirrhosis (n= 24) and compared with levels in matched controls (n= 21). Plasma oestradiol was elevated: 80 vs 30 pmol/l,P<0·005 (median values). Plasma SHBG was elevated, 15 vs 10 mg/dl,P<0·001. Plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate levels were low, 0·35 vs 2·0 μmol/l,P<0·0005, as were plasma androstenedione levels, 2·5 vs 4·5 nmol/l,P<0·05. There was no significant difference in plasma testosterone. These data suggest that liver diseaseper sealters sex hormone and sex hormone binding globulin levels in postmenopa

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1985.tb01089.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYWe have established a sensitive and specific radioreceptor assay for androgen receptor active materials in plasma, using tritiated methyltrienolone ([3H]R 1881) as tracer, and spayed mouse kidney cytosol receptor as the binding species. On radioreceptor assay, plasma from mice chronically administered spironolactone contained ˜ 10 times higher levels of androgen receptor active material than from mice administered potassium canrenoate. In parallel bioassays (antagonism of the effect of testosterone on seminal vesicle weight), spironolactone was>4 times as potent an antiandrogen as potassium canrenoate. Administered potassium canrenoate circulates as canrenoic acid, in equilibrium with its lactonized congener canrenone. Since over 80% of administered spironolactone is irreversibly converted to canrenone/canrenoic acid, its much higher anti‐androgen activity on radioreceptor assay and bioassay may point to the generation of unidentified, minor metabolites with very high affinity for androgen receptors and/or a very long plasma half‐

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1985.tb01090.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThis study demonstrates the existence of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) in human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by means of a highly sensitive radioligand saturation assay that has been recently described by us for measurement of SHBG in human plasma. The molecular similarity of this 5α‐dihydrotestoster‐one binding protein with plasma‐SHBG was substantiated by a number of experiments in which the CSF‐protein displayed the same properties as plasma‐SHBG with respect to thermolability, affinity, specificity and sedimentation rate. SHBG levels in the CSF of normal women were found to be 0·139 ± 0·04 nmol/l (mean ± standard deviation), and in normal men to be 0·083 ± 0·03 nmol/l respectively. CSF‐SHBG in patients with a variety of neurological diseases associated with different degrees of a blood‐CSF barrier disturbance, showed a good correlation with commonly determined parameters such as CSF‐albumin and CSF‐IgG that are known to be of plasma origin. The concept of CSF‐SHBG originating from plasma by restricted diffusion is strongly supported by the finding that the CSF/plasma ratio of SHBG is independent of the plasma‐SHBG concentration in the entire physiological range. Possible diagnostic and pathophysiological implications of this so far undetected CSF‐constituent are discussed with regard to neurologi

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1985.tb01091.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYLHRH (100 μg i.v. bolus) was given to six young healthy men under basal conditions and after the administration of pirenzepine (10, 20, 30 or 40 mg i.v. 10 min before LHRH), which is a selective blocker of muscarinic cholinergic receptors. Pretreatment with 10 mg of pirenzepine did not modify LH and FSH responses to LHRH, whereas larger amounts of the drug significantly reduced gonadotrophin responses to LHRH. A dose‐related effect of the drug was not observed, since a maximal reduction of LHRH‐induced gonadotrophin secretion was already present when 20 mg of pirenzepine were used. When the effect of pirenzepine (20 mg) on the basal concentrations of FSH and LH was studied in four additional sex and age matched subjects, no significant changes were observed for at least 120 min after the injection. These results demonstrate that LHRH‐induced LH and FSH secretion involves a muscarinic cholinergic mec

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1985.tb01092.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYA patient, aged 47 is described in whom changes in hormonal profiles were observed following surgical excision of the pineal. She presented with a clinical syndrome of increased intracranial pressure and postmenopausal symptoms. Computerized tomographic scans showed obstructive hydrocephalus from a cystic lesion in the pineal region. Surgical removal of the cystic mass revealed a benign ependymal cyst and normal pineal tissue. After the operation, she had no nocturnal increase in serum melatonin. The morning basal LH was further elevated and night‐time PRL showed little fluctuation from the basal level

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1985.tb01093.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYFree thyroid hormone levels together with basal and TRH stimulated TSH levels, have been determined in 50 patients with autonomous thyroid adenomata, who had normal serum total T3 and T4 values. Similar measurements were made in 33 healthy subjects. FT3 and FT4 plasma levels were significantly higher (P<0·01 andP<0·05 respectively), and basal and TRH stimulated TSH were significantly lower (P<0·05 andP<0·001 respectively) in the patients than in the controls. The TSH response to TRH was decreased in spite of normal free thyroid hormones in 25 patients and in a further ten both the ΔTSH after TRH and the free fractions were normal. Eighteen patients were studied over periods from 4‐37 months by repeating thyroid hormone levels and TRH tests. In six of them a change of these parameters toward toxicity was observed. The data obtained in the longitudinal study indicate that the values of free thyroid hormones and the result of the TRH test obtained by a single determination may represent different steps in the evolution of autonomous thyroid adenomata rather than a distinct pathophysiological con

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1985.tb01094.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYUsing a sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay for arginine‐vasopressin, we have searched for the presence of high molecular weight (HMW) vasopressin in the plasma of a patient with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) and an oat cell carcinoma of the lung. After incubation in 8 mol/l urea, one millilitre of the plasma from this patient was fractionated on a Sephadex G‐50 column and the immunoreactive vasopressin content was evaluated before and after trypsin treatment of the eluted fractions. A wide peak of apparent mol. wt. 2500–6000 daltons was revealed only after tryptic digestion of each fraction. This peak contained the equivalent of 1900 pg of vasopressin. A tryptic digest of this peak, rechromatographed on Sephadex G‐25, gave two small peptides the major one eluting at a position identical to vasopressin. These results demonstrate the presence of a large amount of HMW vasopressin in the plasma of a patient with SIADH and oat cell carcinoma of t

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1985.tb01095.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYSerum levels of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), testosterone, free testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate, oestradiol, oestrone, oestrone sulphate, FSH, and LH were measured in 20 steroid sulphatase‐deficient men with recessive X‐linked ichthyosis and in normal men. The serum oestrone sulphate level was significantly higher than normal in the patients (P<0·0001). In affected men, there was a tendency towards higher dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate levels and no decline with age was seen in the patients as opposed to normal men (interaction:P<0·025). Serum androstenedione, and oestradiol levels were lower than normal in the patients (P<0·0005 andP= 0·055, respectively), while their LH level was higher than normal (P<0·0005). The serum levels of SHBG, total and free testoster‐one, dihydrotestosterone, oestrone, and FSH were not significantly different from normal in the icthyotic patients. We suggest that the observed abnormalities in these patients are a consequence of the enzyme deficiency which severely impairs the ability of tissues to hydrolyse steroid

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1985.tb01096.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYImproved receptor and bioassays have been used to compare TSH receptor binding and thyroid stimulating activities in unextracted sera from 110 patients with Graves' disease. The two parameters showed a significant correlation (r= 0·65;P<0·001) although there were some clear discrepancies. Dose‐response studies in 17 sera showed that both receptor binding and thyroid stimulating responses always increased with increasing doses of serum. In patients who were in relapse or remission following antithyroid drug treatment, the results of both bio‐ and receptor assays correlated well with disease activity with only one clear discrepancy which could have been attributable to the coexistence of autoimmune stimulation and destruction of the th

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1985.tb01097.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1985

数据来源: WILEY