摘要:

SUMMARYA technique for the bioassay of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) in human plasma is described, and its experimental validation discussed.Segments of guinea‐pig adrenal are maintained individually for 5 hr in nonproliferative organ culture in a medium reinforced with 10‐3msodium ascorbate. At the end of this time each segment is exposed to either standard or unknown ACTH for 3 min. The segments are then rapidly chilled to ‐ 70oC and sections cut in a cryostat. The sections are stained by the ferric ferrocyanide technique for reducing groups, and the degree of staining in the zona reticularis measured by scanning and integrating micro‐densitometry. There is an inverse linear correlation between the intensity of the stain and the logarithmic concentration of ACTH over the concentration 0.0025‐2.5 pg/ml of culture medium.The assay is precise (λ= 0.09) and extremely sensitive. Concentrations of ACTH down to 1 pg/ml may be determined on as little as 0.1 ml of plasma without extraction. Results obtained are in a range similar to that given by the Lipscomb‐Nelson bioassay and by radi

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1972.tb00393.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYParathyroid hormone (PTH) was measured by radioimmunoassay in the plasma of twenty patients with surgically proven primary hyperparathyroidism during intravenous infusions of calcium and/or EDTA. All patients studied showed significant increases in plasma PTH during induced hypocalcaemia and significant decreases in plasma PTH during induced hypercalcaemia. The secretion of para thyroid hormone was not autonomous in these patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, regardless of histological type, but varied with induced changes in serum calcium concentration. The presence of immunoreactive hormonal sub‐fragments in plasma seems the most likely explanation for the sharp contrast between our data and earlier studies. In spite of the difficulties presented by this complex pattern of hormonal metabolism, the radioimmunoassay for parathyroid hormone is clinically quite useful, particularly in the differential diagnosis of hypercalcaemi

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1972.tb00394.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe prevalence of hyperlipoproteinaemia was investigated in three groups of diabetics. Of 106 untreated diabetics. Of 106 untreated diabetics 68% had some form of hyperlipoproteinaemia. When the plasma of fifty‐six of these patients was re‐examined after their hyperglycaemia was controlled, then only 22% had an abnormal lipoprotein pattern. A further group of 102 diabetics who had been receiving treatment for between 1 and 34 years and whose hyperglycaemia appeared to be well controlled were also studied and the prevalence of abnormal lipoprotein patterns in this group was 58%. There was no correlation between the age of the patient and the prevalence of hyperlipoproteinaemia but all those studied were over 30 years of age.There was no evidence that any of the forms of treatment used, diet alone, diet with sulphonylureas, diet with phenformin, or diet and insulin was more successful than any of the others either in reducing the overall prevalence of hyperlipopro‐teinaemia or in treating any particular type of hyperlipoprotein

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1972.tb00395.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySkin thickness, collagen content and density have been measured in patients with thyrotoxicosis and myxoedema. In hyperthyroidism the skin was of normal thickness but the absolute collagen content and density of collagen were both increased as was the percentage collagen content. In myxoedema both absolute percentage collagen content and density remained normal but the skin thickness was significantly increased and this correlated well with the severity of hypothyroidism and response to treatment.

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1972.tb00396.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYThe thickness of the forearm skin and its collagen content and density were measured in a group of patients with acromegaly and hypopituitarism. In acromegaly the total content, thickness and collagen density were all increased. There was a smaller and less consistent increase in percentage collagen content. In hypopituitarism total skin collagen and thickness were both decreased and collagen density and percentage collagen content remained normal.

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1972.tb00397.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYSix patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21‐hydroxylase defect were investigated by administering both metyrapone and corticotrophin during an acute 3 day test. Urinary pregnanediol and pregnanetriol were estimated in the third day urine. Three patients had salt‐loss while three were without salt‐loss.Pregnanediol and pregnanetriol were detected in all cases suggesting that 21‐hydroxylation of progesterone (P) and 17α‐hydroxyprogesterone (17P) is defective in both types. Contrary to the view that salt‐loss is due to a complete enzyme defect while nonsalt‐loss is due to partial enzyme defect, more pregnanediol and pregnanetriol was excreted by nonsalt‐losers than by salt‐losers. This suggests that the basic difference in the two types is not simply a quantitative enzyme defect. The findings, supported by quoted work of other authors, suggest either that metabolic pathways in this condition may be different from the accepted normal or alternatively there is a difference in the availability of precursor substrate in the

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1972.tb00398.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYSix women with menometrorrhagia, two with anovular cycles and four with ovular cycles, have been studied, before, during and after treatment with tamoxifen, a competitive inhibitor of the binding of oestrogen to the endometrium. During treatment the urinary pregnanediol excretion of the women with anovular cycles rose and a modified secretory transformation of the endometrium occurred. Ovulation occurred during treatment in all the patients suffering from ovulatory menorrhagia. Most patients noted a diminution in the amount and duration of bleeding and there was a tendency for the previously irregular bleeding to occur at regular intervals during treatment.

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1972.tb00399.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SUMMARYStudies on pituitary and ovarian function as assessed by the urinary output of total gonadotrophic activity, the three classical oestrogens, pregnanediol and, in some cases, testosterone and epitestosterone, were conducted in eight patients suffering from premenstrual tension. Major abnormalities in endocrine function were not a feature of the condition. Ovulation, as judged by pregnanediol assays, was absent in seven out of the fifteen cycles investigated. Contrary to traditional belief, the symptoms of premenstrual tension could exist in the presence of cycles with anovulatory hormonal patterns.

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1972.tb00400.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0300-0664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1972.tb00401.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1972

数据来源: WILEY