摘要:

A model to explain how college students come to engage in premarital sexual intercourse is estimated separately for men and women and by interpersonal commitment (engaged or going steady versus neither). The major finding is the large impact of friends' on students' own sexual behavior, both directly and as perceptions of friends' coital behavior mediate (1) religious values, and (2) more structural kinds of factors (off-campus residence, dating, fraternity / sorority membership).

ISSN:0037-7732    

DOI:10.1093/sf/56.1.148

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1977

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

Does where one goes to college depend on the kind of high school attended? And what are the consequences of attending a more or less academically selective college or university? These questions are evaluated separately for college men and women using longitudinal data from a national sample of youth who were high school sophomores in 1955, and controlling for individual family background, ability, and school curriculum. For males, but not females, the social status composition of high school was found to enhance one's prospects for attending a selective institution of higher education. College selectivity, in turn, had total salutary effects on educational attainment, despite its depressant effect on undergraduate grade performance and academic self-concept.

ISSN:0037-7732    

DOI:10.1093/sf/56.1.166

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1977

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

An empirical regularity has not been satisfactorily explained: since the administration of John Adams, those appointed to top political positions in the United States have had similar, high-status backgrounds. The article attempts to explain this finding by applying to presidential appointments insights gained from the study of labor markets, treating the president as an employer trying to fill positions with minimum expenditure of resources. Presidents appear to appoint similar sorts of people because they share both ends and means in making appointments. Presidents select appointees primarily on the basis of competence and in order to make political payoffs of specified types. In addition, they use screening devices commonly used by employers to choose among job candidates: they appoint people they know personally, people who are highly visible, and people who fit specified ascriptive criteria.

ISSN:0037-7732    

DOI:10.1093/sf/56.1.189

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1977

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

A multiple-decrement life table was constructed describing the careers of 209 U.S. Senators leaving office between 1945 and 1970. Careers within the chamber are seen to be abbreviated both by high attrition in the first two years and by the failure of seniority to insure against election defeat.

ISSN:0037-7732    

DOI:10.1093/sf/56.1.202

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1977

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

A path model of structural change and growth for complex organizations was constructed to investigate relationships between organizational size and spatial, vertical, and horizontal complexity. It was estimated using data from a heterogeneous sample of federal and state agencies located in California. The findings alter and extend the explanatory scheme and the generalizability of Blau's formal theory of differentiation, as well as recent modifications of that theory. Several new relationships were considered. They suggested two things: certain established propositions may be unique to organizational types; and they support several alternative propositions about organizational growth and change.

ISSN:0037-7732    

DOI:10.1093/sf/56.1.208

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1977

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

Metropolitan communities in the United States are interdependent. Each metropolis serves the economy through its key functions while at the same time it depends on other metropolises and systems for some of its own needs. Using 1960 data for SMSAs, this paper demonstrates that a community's position in this differentiated system influences the characteristics of its population. Two perspectives for determining a metropolitan community's key functions are used: one considers economic activities one at a time; the other considers the entire configuration of these activities at once. These two procedures are compared in their ability to identify groups of communities having distinctive social structures, as indicated by occupational and educational composition, income level, age and sex structure, and ability to attract and hold migrants.

ISSN:0037-7732    

DOI:10.1093/sf/56.1.218

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1977

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

Rosenberg's test-factor standardization can be interpreted as a special type of marginal standardization. A frequency table after test-factor standardization is the zero-order table for a three-way table that has been standardized to the two-way margials which would exist for the independent and control variables if these variables were independent of each other in the data. Further continuities are drawn between test-factor standardization and log-linear models of contingency tables in the special case of complete interpretation.

ISSN:0037-7732    

DOI:10.1093/sf/56.1.240

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1977

数据来源: OUP

ISSN:0037-7732    

DOI:10.1093/sf/56.1.250

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1977

数据来源: OUP

ISSN:0037-7732    

DOI:10.1093/sf/56.1.252

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1977

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

Stavig and Acock's recent attempt to extend theKstatistic under the special condition whenNis small was found to contain a number of basic errors. This paper corrects these errors, and reidentifies the problem as centering around the number of possible cell configurations in a contingency table given fixed marginals, and not smallNas they declare. In addition, procedures are provided for determining exact one-sided probabilities forKwhen the number of possible cell configurations is small.

ISSN:0037-7732    

DOI:10.1093/sf/56.1.253

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1977

数据来源: OUP