ISSN:0302-3427    

DOI:10.1093/spp/12.2.54

出版商:Beech Tree Publishing    

年代:1985

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

AbstractThe history of workers' co-operatives and common ownership schemes throughout the world is outlined, and the approaches to it by different political factions discussed. It is not only socialist parties which have advocated some form of co-operative ownership.The redistribution of property is fundamental in this movement and it is argued that co-operatives could help to reduce unemployment and inflation.Although little progress towards common ownership has been made over the last 150 years there are success stories such as the John Lewis Partnership. Tax concessions can be a good incentive to companies to offer profit sharing schemes or full conversion to employee ownership.

ISSN:0302-3427    

DOI:10.1093/spp/12.2.55

出版商:Beech Tree Publishing    

年代:1985

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

AbstractWorkers' co-operatives in Poland grew after the second world war and provided employment in rural areas and for disadvantaged groups such as women and the disabled.The dominant view is that workers play an insignificant role in policy making in socialist states even in workers' co-operatives. However, this article shows that the members have more control over decision making than workers in state owned firms. Information flow is also easier and the work force is better motivated because they share in the losses and surpluses.The preliminary evidence indicates that the economy of Polish co-operatives results in higher technical efficiency and less dispersion of incomes.

ISSN:0302-3427    

DOI:10.1093/spp/12.2.61

出版商:Beech Tree Publishing    

年代:1985

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

AbstractThird world workers' co-operatives are heavily dependent on the industrialized nations for their technological innovations. They often have difficulty implementing them because of lack of management, marketing and financial skills.Being run by the workers, the co-operatives' principal consideration is to provide security of employment. They can fall behind their private sector competitors because they are less willing to introduce labour saving technology.In organizational innovation, the third world co-operatives are certainly ahead of the private firms in their own countries, and probably of co-operatives in the UK.

ISSN:0302-3427    

DOI:10.1093/spp/12.2.67

出版商:Beech Tree Publishing    

年代:1985

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

AbstractInspired by the teaching of Father Arizmendiarrieta, some of his students set up a co-operative in Mondragon, northern Spain, in 1956.Since then other co-operatives have been formed all operating with a common set of rules. The group has its own bank which links the members through a Contract of Association.The movement is dynamic and changes are currently being implemented to take account of economic and technological advances.This is a success story for workers' co-operatives as seen by the increase of worker-members, sales, exports and investments.

ISSN:0302-3427    

DOI:10.1093/spp/12.2.72

出版商:Beech Tree Publishing    

年代:1985

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

AbstractWorkers at all levels in both capitalist and socialist countries are taking on management responsibilities and owning their own firms.In the US the legislation of the Employment Stock Ownership Plan has helped this process. Employee purchases of closing plants is now helped by the Small Business Ownership Act.Some union leaders are still reluctant to get involved in advancing the process of worker self management, but there are successful cases of union involvement, such as General Motors.In some instances the local community has become involved in the purchase of a firm by buying shares in it, or helping in the negotiations.

ISSN:0302-3427    

DOI:10.1093/spp/12.2.79

出版商:Beech Tree Publishing    

年代:1985

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

AbstractTransnational companies are still expanding rapidly and not generally to the benefit of the third world host countries. Major TNC characteristics and trends (quantified when possible) are outlined.Many of the attempts to produce codes of conduct are listed; many have been thwarted by the transnational companies.The recession too has caused third world governments to relax their regulations to attract business.

ISSN:0302-3427    

DOI:10.1093/spp/12.2.84

出版商:Beech Tree Publishing    

年代:1985

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

AbstractJai Singh made a contribution to a whole range of science. He developed instruments for accurate observation, he constructed observatories and produced trigonometrical tables.It was under his patronage and guidance that Jaipur was built to demonstrate the benefits of the application of science to society.He was open minded and made contacts with other scientists from all over the world, encouraging some of them to work with him in Jaipur.Jai Singh firmly proves the falsity of the traditional European view of India as being scientifically dead during the mediaeval period.

ISSN:0302-3427    

DOI:10.1093/spp/12.2.88

出版商:Beech Tree Publishing    

年代:1985

数据来源: OUP

ISSN:0302-3427    

DOI:10.1093/spp/12.2.94

出版商:Beech Tree Publishing    

年代:1985

数据来源: OUP

ISSN:0302-3427    

DOI:10.1093/spp/12.2.95

出版商:Beech Tree Publishing    

年代:1985

数据来源: OUP