摘要:

A review of hemorrhagic transformation after brain ischemia is presented. The pathological, clinical and radiological aspects are discussed with respect to recent studies. The different pathophysiological mechanisms (reperfusion, vascular rupture, size of infarction, timing of constitution) are reviewed. The role of the utilization of antithrombotic (anticoagulant and thrombolytic) agents in the production of hemorrhagic infarct is presented, and we propose a new classification of hemorrhagic infarct, based on the CT scan patterns.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000117012

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We studied 111 myasthenic patients with thymoma followed over the last 20 years. Most patients were affected with severe myasthenia gravis (MG) and had been treated with immunosuppressive drugs. At the end of the follow-up, we observed good therapeutic results in 74% of patients, but a complete remission in only 10% of cases. The survival rate in thymoma patients was significantly lower than in nonthymoma cases. Clinical parameters, MG response to treatment and survival rate did not differ in patients with invasive and noninvasive thymic neoplasms. Patients with invasive thymoma showed slightly higher surgical mortality and a 10% incidence of tumor relapse.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000117013

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Patients with late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have more white matter changes on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) than controls. To test the hypothesis that AD patients might have also atrophy of the corpus callosum (CC), we compared the CC thickness on MRI from 20 AD patients and 21 controls. We found a significant reduction in the CC thickness in AD compared with age-matched controls (p < 0.01). We demonstrated that atrophy of the CC depends mainly on the diagnosis of senile dementia of the Alzheimer type and at a lower degree on the diagnosis of presenile AD but neither on age nor on ventricle enlargement. This result suggests that beside the greater severity of white matter involvement in late-onset AD, atrophy of the CC may also be presen

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000117014

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

13 patients with spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVF) diagnosed in our Institution have been the object of this study. The necessity to include the disease in the differential diagnosis with other pathologies affecting the lower thoracic cord, particularly in middle-aged and old males, is emphasized. Involvement of the spinal cord was always demonstrable on magnetic resonance studies, but pathologic vessels suggesting the possibility of DAVF were seldom recognizable. Myelography still remains an important complementary method. Spinal angiography is essential, taking into account that the fistula can be located far from the spinal cord. The therapy consisting in embolization in 7 cases and embolization associated with surgery in 6 cases led to improvement or stabilization of the disease in all cases. Our cases are discussed in comparison with the literature.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000117015

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We report 2 brothers with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, lipid storage and skeletal mitochondrial myopathy. Biochemical analyses detected complex II (succinate dehydrogenase) deficiency of the respiratory chain. Single fiber analyses using a microphotometer were performed and revealed reduced succinate dehydrogenase activity in all muscle fibers. This report shows the validity of kinetic microphotometric analysis in revealing complex II defects.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000117016

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Plasma big endothelin (BE) levels were studied in 17 patients during the first 2 weeks following spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Three patients had experienced an infratentorial hemorrhage of the pons and cerebellum. The group of 14 patients with supratentorial hemorrhage presented with 8 hematomas of the putamen, 4 of the capsula interna and 2 in the thalamus. Significant elevations of BE during the first 2 weeks after the initial ICH, significant differences between the different localisations and between patients with different prognoses were not apparent (mean BE level: 2.95 ± 1.39, control group: 2.68 ± 1.29 fmol/ml). These results support the theory that endothelins do not play a significant pathophysiological role in acute severe IC

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000117017

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The myopathological changes in properly selected muscles can allow evaluation of the definite distribution of neuronogenic denervation which can probably not be found by clinical examination or EMG study of inadequate muscle sampling. We performed muscle biopsies in 13 Chinese patients with chronic juvenile monomelic motor neuron disease involving the distal part of the upper extremities. According to our findings and the literature review, the neurogenic changes selectively affected the muscles innervated by C7, 8 and Tl spinal nerves while sparing others. Consequently, the term ‘juvenile lower cervical spinal muscular atrophy’ is sugges

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000117018

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A rare form of secondary parkinsonism has been recently described as ‘hemiparkinsonism-hemiatrophy syndrome’. We report a case with such clinical features. A neurophysiological study of the evoked potentials, somatosensory and motor, has been conducted. We stress the neuroradiological findings at nuclear magnetic resonance, which documented the presence of an area of altered signal in the mesencephalon, between the cerebral pedunculus and the red nucleus on the right side. The etiopathogenetic considerations and diagnostic criteria are discussed. Moreover we evaluate the efficacy of levodopa ther

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000117019

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000117020

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000117021

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1994

数据来源: Karger