ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000113365

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000113366

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000113367

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Acute ischemic stroke therapy has two basic therapies, dissolving the intravascular occlusion by thrombolytic therapy and protecting the brain from the harmfull cellular, and metabolic consequences of ischemic injury by neuroprotective therapy. It seems most likely that the methods that will be used to treat the acute ischemic stroke patient will be multiple, likely a combination of thrombolytic therapy for early reperfusion and neuroprotective therapy for maintaining vitality. In the last decade, a number of advances in the field of imaging and pharmacology have been made which should provide meaningful improvement for the management of acute ischemic stroke patients in the near future. This update summarizes recent clinical trials and emphasizes the question of risk versus benefit for the acute ischemic stroke therapies being developed.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000113368

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000190958

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1915

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The diagnostic and therapeutic management of selected neurological diseases requiring intensive treatment is summarized with special regard for current standards and new developments in therapy. Ischemic stroke is an emergency since the outcome can be improved by immediate and adequate general supporting as well as specific (thrombolytic) therapy in specialized stroke units. Surgical evacuation of supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage is still controversial. We give an overview of conditions in which surgical therapy such as cerebellar hemorrhage and large, nondominant ganglionic hemorrhage might be advisable. Cerebral venous thrombosis is treated with full-dose intravenous heparin even if hemorrhage is present. In acute bacterial meningitis, early treatment of foci and empiric antibiotic therapy is crucial in order to prevent complications. The outcome of herpes simplex encephalitis can be favorably influenced by treatment with aciclovir and aggressive therapy of elevated ICP and seizures. Acute Guillain-Barré syndrome requires daily monitoring of vital functions in order to recognize the need for intensive care; intravenous immunoglobulins and plasmapheresis are equally recommended for clinical and financial reasons

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000113369

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000190959

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1915

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000190960

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1915

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Recent PET studies performed in humans during migraine attacks revealed a ''spreading depression-like'' oligemia in the occipital cortex during the aura phase and a region of increased blood flow in the brainstem during the headache phase. Animal models were established to test new migraine drugs. A number of 5-HT agonists, the so-called ''triptans'', will be available in future besides sumatriptan to treat acute migraine attacks. Migraine prophylaxis is still hampered by the fact that we do not understand the action of drugs used for this purpose and do not have an animal model. Nevertheless, new substances were introduced recently into the prophylaxis of migraine.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000113370

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1997

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000190961

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1915

数据来源: Karger