摘要:

Two new examples of ‘locked-in’ syndrome are reported. The patients are mute and quadriplegic; they present a bilateral horizontal gaze palsy. Contact can be established through preserved vertical eye movements demonstrating therefore that the patients are not comatose. Postmortem examination reveals in both cases a thrombosis of the basilar artery with an infarction of the ventral rostral pons extending dorsally into the paramedian tegmental area. The main clinical features of this syndrome and their anatomical correlates are discus

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000114730

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A case of tuberculous radiculitis in the lumbosacral region resulting in flaccid paresis of the lower limbs is presented. The primary site of tuberculosis was the intestine. Hematogenic dissemination resulted in organ tuberculosis of the third lumbar vertebra and left kidney. The infection spread locally into the lumbosacral dura and nerve roots. A decline in general immunological resistance lead to fatal dissemination of the disease into the meninges, lungs, liver, left adrenal and right kidney. Differential diagnostic problems, especially the Guillain-Barré syndrome, are discussed

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000114731

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Cyclic adenosine 3’,5’-monophosphate (cAMP) concentration and aspartate amino transferase (ASAT or GOT) activity were measured from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of rabbits before and after electrically induced convulsions. The convulsions caused a significant increase in CSF cAMP concentration. The treatment with phenobarbital, diphenylhydantoin and carbamazepine for 7 days decreased the basal cAMP values in CSF and partly inhibited the rise after the convulsions. The alterations in ASAT activity were parallel, but less striking. The present results suggest the involvement of cAMP in epileptic discharge and in the mechanism of action of anticonvulsa

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000114732

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

An autoptic case of facial myokymia in glioma of the pons is described. The facial myokymia was the only symptom for many years. The authors emphasize the importance of the facial myokymia as a precocious sign of pons tumor and stress the meaning of the EMG in the differential diagnosis between facial myokymia in brain stem tumor and facial hyperkinesa in other diseases.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000114733

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000219320

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1903

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The surgical results obtained with a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt operation in 13 patients considered to be suffering from normal pressure hydrocephalus have been correlated with the findings of the constant manometric infusion test (IT) and of prolonged intracranial pressure recordings. A positive IT, high amplitude CSF pulse pressure and large transitory increases of CSF pressure during sleep seem to be useful criteria for the surgical prognosis. Ten more patients affected by primary cerebral atrophy have also been studied. The data obtained in both groups of patients have been utilized for a possible pathogenetic interpretation of the syndrome.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000114734

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000219321

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1903

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Concentration of cyclic adenosine 3’,5’-monophosphate (cAMP) and activities of some enzymes were measured in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 38 patients with various cerebrovascular diseases. Cerebral infarction of the carotid area <14 days after the attack) revealed a significant increase in CSF cAMP level in comparison to a transient ischemic attack (TIA) and cephalalgia without any pathological findings (control group). A trend towards elevated values was observed also in cerebral hemorrhage, whereas the CSF cAMP concentrations in subarachnoid hemorrhage, TIA, syncope, and cerebral infarction of at least 2 months of duration were in the range of control values. A significant rise in CSF enzyme activities was observed only in hemorrhagic disorders. Hypertensive patients with TIA showed significantly higher CSF cAMP values than normotensive ones. A similar positive correlation between blood pressure and CSF cAMP concentrations was found also in subarachnoid hemorrhage and syncope groups. On the basis of the present results it is suggested that in cerebrovascular diseases CSF cAMP concentration reflects the size and the time of the destruction of cerebral cells, and correlates with hypertension of the patient possibly indicating an increased sympathetic activ

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000114735

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Serial binary dilutions of amyl acetate and nitrobenzene were used in a double-blind test to determine olfactory acuity of 40 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Similar determinations were made on 24 age- and sex-matched controls. Results of repeated measurements on 18 patients indicated that the methodology was reliably reproducible. When mean olfactory threshold on MS patients was compared with that of the controls no differences could be found. Among the MS patients, olfactory threshold did not vary with the presence or absence of optic involvement and correlated poorly with the degree of disability. These results are in disagreement with those of Wender and Szmeja who reported olfactory dysfunction in 18 out of 52 MS patients. Our findings are compatible with the observations of Zimmerman and Netsky who failed to find any plaques in olfactory tracts of MS brains. The significance of this disparity between involvement of optic and olfactory systems, both of which contain central myelin, is discussed. Available biochemical evidence suggests that, as postulated by Lumsden, sparing of olfactory tracts may in part be related to the relatively lower basic protein content of these structures.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000114736

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1976

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000219322

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1903

数据来源: Karger