摘要:

A study was carried out on 100 cases with the clinical diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Several clinical and analytical factors were considered and correlated. Special attention was paid to data obtained from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) electrophoresis. The degree of severity of the disease does not affect the selective elevation frequency of γ-globulin or its average values. A greater frequency of definite γ-globulin increase is observed in patients with a stationary development than in those a progressive development although, in both instances, the average values of γ-globulin do not show any significant difference. There is no correlation between the CSF data and the presumed clinical site of the lesion. Those patients with a single lesion have a lower incidence of pathological data in CSF than those with multiple lesions. A higher proportion of pathological results is seen in CSF of patients with a chronic evolution from the onset than in chronic-intermittent cases. The cases studied during a relapse show a marked decrease in the frequency of definite γ-globulin increase and paretic colloidal curves. This group of patients gives lower average values of γ-globulin, total protein and cells, than those patients examined out of relapse. These results are in agreement with recent immunopathological observat

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000114791

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A case of Kleine-Levin syndrome with true hypersomnia and a case of sub-wakefulness are described. In both patients lumbar cerebrospinal fluid homovanillic acid, 5-hydroxy-indoleacetic acid, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethylene glycol levels have been assayed during episodes of hypersomnia and normal sleep-waking cycles. Besides an increased 5-hydroxytrypta-mine turnover, mainly an increased dopamine turnover has been detected in both kinds of hypersomnia, and this finding was more remarkable in the case with sub-wakefulness. The probable role of dopamine in abnormalities in the sleep-waking cycle is discussed on the basis of results in experimental animal hypersomnias.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000114792

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In 53 chronic epileptics with severe EEG abnormalities and under treatment with barbituric anticonvulsants, little or no fast activity was found in 44 patients. The serum concentration level (mostly phenobarbital) was in the therapeutic range in 11 and in the excessive range in 14 patients while no levels were obtained in the remaining 19 patients. Despite the lack of drug-induced fast activity, fast repetitive spike discharges and seizures with prolonged fast spike activity were demonstrated. The absence of the fast drug response is regarded as a sign of serious cerebral impairment due to the severity of the epileptic condition. The latter could be further enhanced by toxic drug levels.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000114793

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000219258

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1904

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

150 sural nerves from 150 probands 10–70 years of age were investigated by applying supramaximal paired electric stimuli and recording the action potentials with needle electrodes. The responses to the first and second stimulus were evaluated with respect to latency and amplitude. Correlation of the electrophysiological findings with the age of the probands gave the following results: (1) Slight but statistical insignificant reduction of conduction velocity with advancing age up to 70 years. (2) Statistical significant decrease of amplitudes and prolongation of potential duration with advancing age. (3) No significant relationship between refractory period (latency and amplitude of the test response) and advancing age up to 70 years. The results are discussed in terms of their clinical meanin

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000114794

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000219259

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1904

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

3 patients suffering from long-lasting ‘cryptogenetic’ hemifacial spasm in association with dolichomegavertebrobasilar anomaly, are described. The angiographic examinations confirm the anomaly and put in evidence the pathophysiologic value of segment V4 of the vertebral artery at the same side of the spasm. Classical electromyographic examinations, and methods used to study the blink reflex, seem to rule out the hypothesis of a brain stem involvement as the only and sufficient pathologic mechanism. The peripheral pathogenesis is the most likely

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000114795

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In the occlusion of the internal carotid artery, the change occurring in the internal-external carotid pressure gradient may cause flow reversal within the ophthalmic artery and its branches. Ophthalmodynamographic, Doppler directional sonographic and angiographic investigations were performed in 21 cases (11 total occlusions, 6 severe and 4 moderate stenoses of the internal carotid artery). The authors compare the results of these investigations and discuss the practical importance of Doppler directional sonography and the significance of flow reversal in the ophthalmic artery.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000114796

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A catamnestic study of 50 patients with Wernicke’s disease showed that nearly all patients retained residual symptoms and that the prognosis as to life expectancy and social functioning was poor, even after early institution of vitamin B-complex medication. It is advisable to give vitamin B-complex prophylactically in cases of chronic alcoholism combined with insufficient nutritio

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000114797

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000219260

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1904

数据来源: Karger