摘要:

All-night spectral power and coherence analysis of six channels of EEG data from 6 healthy volunteers was performed. Integrated power and integrated coherence for the frequency bands of 0.1–7 and 7–12 Hz in 20 s epochs was plotted over the entire nights. Power and coherence increased with deepening slow wave sleep. With the onset of REM periods, power expectedly decreased, whereas coherence showed a further increase or maintained levels. With post-REM phase awakenings, power showed further reductions, and coherence decreased. The REM coherence results were most pronounced in interhemispheric right to left parietal comparisons (recorded vs. a Cz reference) in the 0.1–7 Hz band. It is hypothesized that the high interhemispheric coherence facilitates or reflects right-left transfer of inform

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000115274

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The pathogenesis of myasthenia gravis is autoimmune, the real etiology, however, remains unknown. Virus has been suggested as an etiological agent of the disease. In this study we present 5 myasthenic patients, whose symptoms began a few weeks after a proven viral infection. The possibility of viral infection as etiology of myasthenia gravis is raised, and the mechanisms discussed.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000115275

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The case of a 66-year-old woman with progressive external ophthalmoplegia and involvement of the proximal muscles of the upper and lower limbs is described. EMG examinations show signs of myopathic involvement. Histochemical and biochemical studies exclude a primary defect in glycogenosis. The authors stress the peculiarity of the histochemical findings, characterized by the rare associated appearance of both mitochondrial changes and glycogen accumulation in muscle fibres. The most prominent ultrastructural findings are evidence of increased glycogen, usually present in vescicles or in mitochondria, and changes in number, size and structure of mitochondria. Quantitative biochemical examination of muscle homogenates confirmed the increased content of glycogen in muscle fibres.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000115276

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Clinical experience with freeze-dried cadaveric dura mater has suggested that it is an acceptable dural substitute which does not seem to provoke a significant immune response in the host. A patient is described in whom a cadaveric dural graft provoked an immune reaction leading to meningitis, long after any bacterial contamination or ‘chemical’ reaction would have declared itself. Removal of the graft resulted in full recovery of the patient in parallel with abatement of the immune response as measured in the cerebrospinal fluid. We discuss the experimental basis for claims that this material is not immunogenic and point out that the mechanism for a damaging immune response does ex

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000115277

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Rhythmic activity was observed in over 100 pial vessels in 58 cats with a photometric technique through a cranial window. Diameter oscillations with a frequency of mostly 5/min were present at normal mean arterial pressure (MAP) in about half of the animals. When spontaneous activity was absent the same type of oscillations could be provoked by varying MAP, mostly by lowering it to a level of around 60 mm Hg. If a rhythmic activity was present, it could be abolished by increasing and decreasing MAP. Likewise, rhythmic activity ceased during strong vasodilatation caused by hypercapnia, hypoxia, Ca antagonists or other vasoactive drugs. Rhythmic activity also decreased in amplitude or disappeared with vasoconstriction accompanied by a stable MAP. Rhythmic activity of pial vessels thus seemed to occur within an as yet unspecified range of vessel wall tensions mediated via intraluminal pressure and a state of constriction or dilatation. This rhythmic activity was not primarily influenced by sympathetic stimulation, alpha-sympathetic blockade, hyper- or hypocapnia, hypo- or hyperoxygenation. Moreover, the vascular activity fits well with the description of rhythmic smooth muscle activity in other vascular beds and organs in vitro and in vivo, ascribed to myogenic regulatory processes. Therefore, it is suggested that the rhythmic activity of pial vessels might be an expression of myogenic blood flow regulatory activity in the brain.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000115278

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We report the clinical and post-mortem data of a patient with lumbar plexus neuropathy due to haemorrhage. While the neuropathy may be due to haemorrhage with the nerve, the present case provides pathological evidence that neuropathies in the lower limbs may also be due to haemorrhage which compress the peripheral nerves from the outside.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000115279

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Blink reflex functions of comatose patients and the autopsy findings were compared, in order to conclude for diagnostic, localization and prognostic values of them. It was found that the blink reflex studies allow us to obtain conclusions of the same value as based on the pupillary light, the corneal reflexes as well as on the labyrinth response to caloric stimulation: nevertheless, the blink reflex parameters are of more objective character regarding the estimation of the damage of the lower brain stem and also in the prognosis.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000115280

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A case of a carpal tunnel syndrome in a patient with chronic renal insufficiency undergoing hemodialysis by means of a Cimino-Brescia arteriovenous fistula is reported. Surgical decompression of the median nerve at the wrist was followed by the immediate and complete relief of the patient’s symptoms. Ischemia related to a vascular ‘steal’ phenomenon or increased venous pressure have been proposed as primary alterations which can cause a damage of the median nerve at the wrist. In our case, we found symptoms relating to both of these pathogenetic hypot

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000115281

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Sciatic nerve damage by intragluteal injections tends to injure the peroneal nerve trunk more severely than the other components of the sciatic nerve. 2 patients with predominant or sole damage to the posterior tibial nerve trunk were observed. This distribution was documented electrophysiologically. Our cases are unusual and point to a wider spectrum of such injuries. It is also suggested that internal fibrosis of the nerve is of greatest importance as a pathogenetic mechanism in these injuries.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000115282

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy of late onset is a rare variety of motor neuron disease. In this report a Greek family with 2 affected brothers is described. It is interesting that all Greek cases of this disease originate from a small group of Greek islands. Transient fatigue is an additional feature of the disease which is manifested sometimes before other symptoms are apparent. The progression of the disease appears to be faster than in spinal muscular atrophy of Wohlfart-Kugelberg-Welander. Regarding the name of this disorder, we propose the descriptive term, ‘X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy of late onset’ or ‘Kennedy-Stefanis dis

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000115283

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1981

数据来源: Karger