摘要:

Transplanted autogenous muscles were electrophysiologically studied in 2 patients with forearm crush injury. Only fibrillation action potentials and positive sharp waves were seen at 1 month after the operation. Low-amplitude and short-duration muscular unit potentials (MUPs) appeared at 3 months and high-amplitude, long-duration and polyphasic MUPs were frequently seen at 6–7 months after the transplantation. The distal latencies of the evoked motor responses were gradually shortened from time to time and eventually became normal at about 1 year after the grafting. The mean consecutive difference became normal at about 6 months after the normalization of the distal latencies. We conclude that the motor endplate is functionally completed at about half a year after the completion of the myelination of the grafted nerv

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116276

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Neuro-ophthalmological assessment, including red-free light retinography, in conjunction with simultaneous visual evoked potential (VEP) and pattern electroretinogram (PERG) recordings were performed in 10 Friedreich’s ataxia patients: 9 patients showed marked VEP abnormalities. Moderate PERG amplitude reduction, with normal latencies, was related to mild and scattered fiber loss revealed by red-free light retinography. The initial part of the visual pathways does not seem to be the main site of electrophysiological abnormalities as demonstrated by the greater extent and relative independence of VEP versus PERG alterations. Primary axonal degeneration of the optic nerve and tracts cannot account for all features of VEP abnormalities, thus implying some dysfunction in succeeding visual structures as wel

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116277

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The concentrations of cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP were estimated in plasma of 26 patients with definite multiple sclerosis (MS) in relapse, and compared to that of 26 sex- and age-matched healthy controls. MS patients had significantly lower levels of both nucleotides. The levels of c-GMP correlated negatively to the Disability Status Scale score.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116278

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We studied a case of focal status epilepticus with aphasia as the sole manifestation, lasting 21 days. A 77-year-old woman developed aphasic seizures followed by aphasic status epilepticus 10 months after a left temporo-occipital hemorrhage. The diagnosis was made only after EEG, and seizures were stopped by anticonvulsant medication. Aphasic status epilepticus may be only a reflection of cerebral irritability, suggesting the possibility of a functional etiology for prolonged language disorders also in adults.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116279

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A 39-year-old intravenous drug user presented with dysarthria and a syndrome of the left cerebellar hemisphere. While in hospital, he developed progressive brainstem findings. Repeated CT scans revealed a lucency in the white matter of the left cerebellar hemisphere. Brainstem auditory and short-latency somatosensory evoked potentials provided evidence of brainstem dysfunction without corresponding lesions on CT. Biopsy of the cerebellum established the diagnosis of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Postmortem examination revealed brainstem lesions appropriate to the evoked potential findings and a radiographically inapparent lesion in the right internal capsule. Based on this case and a review of the literature we conclude that: (1) PML occurs with significant prevalence in AIDS patients and may involve the posterior fossa; (2) the diagnosis of posterior fossa PML is suggested by certain clinical and radiographic criteria and may be confirmed by brain biopsy; (3) evoked potentials may be abnormal in PML and can reveal functional abnormalities of white matter without apparent CT abnormalities.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116280

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) has been carried out in 66 sural nerve biopsies using antibodies against human IgG, IgA, IgM, C3, C4, albumin, fibrinogen, and ĸ- and λ-chains. In 37 out of 63 (59%) different neuropathies immunoglobulins or other plasma proteins were found within the peripheral nerves. IgM along the myelin sheaths were found in monoclonal IgM-K-associated demyelinating peripheral neuropathy and chronic inflammatory demyelinating peripheral neuropathy. IgM within the perineurium were detected in hereditary, diabetic, paraneoplastic, paraproteinemic and neuropathies of unknown cause. In inflammatory, vasculitic, hereditary and toxic neuropathies fibrinogen, albumin, IgG and IgA were variably observed in endoneurium, endoneurial vessels, perineurium and epineurial vessels. In our experience DIF appears to be just an unspecific marker of sural nerve pathology. In selected cases however DIF may be helpful in the diagnosis or in better understanding the pathogenetic mechanisms of the diseas

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116281

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The present study examined non-bedridden survival in 105 patients diagnosed as demented (Alzheimer’s disease, multi-infarct dementia, mixed dementia) in a neurological ward. Follow-up observations were made. During the first year, the cumulative mortality rate was 69% compared to a rate of 44% in the second year. The initial disability stage, as assessed by the Dementia Disability Scale, was found to be the only significant predictor of non-bedridden survival. The type of dementia, age, type of diagnosis, and post-hospitalization placement in an institution have not been found to be significant predictors of this evolutio

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116282

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A polysomnographic study with noninvasive oxyhemoglobin saturation (HbSaO2) monitoring has been conducted in 11 consecutive male nonobese subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The patients with a high arterial CO2 level and markedly reduced functional residual capacity appeared to be more prone to undergo HbSaO2 desaturation during sleep compared to patients with less severe functional and clinical respiratory impairment. The HbSaO2 desaturations were mostly linked to REM sleep and appeared to be concomitant to the inhibition of the tone of the intercostal muscles. Regarding sleep architecture, the patients with less severe COPD and scarce or absent tendency to HbSaO2 desaturation during sleep showed light and fragmented sleep with a marked tendency to arousals and awakenings.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116283

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Twenty-five children with post-hemiconvulsive hemiplegia, who had had epileptiform discharges on EEG, were followed for over 5 years. Twenty-two of them developed the hemiconvulsion-hemiplegia-epilepsy syndrome. The computed tomographic (CT) findings were: marked hemispheric atrophy in 13 cases; moderate or slight hemispheric atrophy in 4; focal atrophy or porencephaly in 4, and a normal scan in 4. The electroencephalographic (EEG) findings showed residual asymmetry of hemispheric amplitudes in 15 cases. Epileptiform discharges on EEG were found on the ipsilateral side (the damaged hemisphere) in 13 cases, the contralateral side (the undamaged hemisphere) in 9, and on both sides in 3. As to the correlation between CT and EEG abnormalities, 8 of 13 cases with marked hemiatrophy on CT had contralateral epileptiform discharges on EEG, and the converse was more pronounced: 8 of 9 cases with contralateral epileptiform discharges had marked hemiatrophy on CT. Contralateral epileptiform EEG abnormalities were observed in the patients with severe hemispheric brain damage.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116284

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Two elderly siblings with myotonic dystrophy (MD) were admitted with symptoms and signs of normal pressure hydrocephalus, the diagnosis being confirmed by CT scan and infusion test. A further 11 younger members of the family also had MD; in 2 of these, none of whom had cerebral symptoms, CT scan showed cerebral ventricular enlargement. Based on these findings, together with earlier reports on progressive cerebral ventricular enlargement in patients with MD, it is suggested that in some cases normal pressure hydrocephalus may be a late complication of MD.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116285

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger