ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116954

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116955

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000203097

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1913

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in 25 patients with Behçet’s disease, of whom 15 had clinical involvement of the central nervous system (CNS). Brain MRI was abnormal in 11/15 with and in 1/10 without CNS involvement. The most common sites of MR lesions were the cerebral white matter and brainstem. Lesions were also seen in the basal ganglia, cerebellum, optic nerves and spinal cord. The cerebral white matter lesions were always asymptomatic and usually small, whereas the brainstem lesions were often symptomatic and sometimes extensive. Follow-up MRI in 2 patients presenting with brainstem syndromes and treated with immunosuppression showed resolution of a large lesion in 1 patient in whom there was clinical remission, and the development of marked brainstem atrophy in the other who became severely disabled. The pattern of MRI abnormalities may assist the diagnosis and suggests a role for MRI in monitoring the effect of treatment in patients with neurological Behçet’s di

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116956

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000203098

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1913

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Low birth weight and intrauterine growth retardation are well-recognized risk factors for increased mortality, morbidity and poor neurologic outcome. Risk assessment is different considering true preterm (appropriate-for-gestational-age, AGA) or growth-retarded (small-for-gestational-age, SGA) infants. Therefore, we carried out a study on the incidence of hemorrhagic (peri-intraven-tricular hemorrhage, PIVH) and ischemic (periventricular leukomalacia) brain lesions in two groups of AGA and SGA very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants. In the study period (1987-1990), 111 VLBW babies (3 mm) adjacent to the lateral border of the ventricular body. We noted a higher incidence of PIVH in the AGA group (36.8%) than in SGA babies (18.5%; p < 0.01, Fisher test). The AGA subgroup 1,000 g (20.5%; p < 0.01). The same relationship was observed in SGA babies (34.8% in 0.5) independently of body weight category. We conclude that VLBW infants are a heterogeneous group of babies with different distribution of hemorrhagic and ischemic brain lesions, extremely low birth weight being a risk factor for PIVH.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116958

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We measured simple visual and auditory reaction time (RT) and movement time (MT) in 32 patients with olivopontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA) in comparison to 32 control subjects. In addition, we followed 2 approaches to radiologic assessment by computed tomographic scans: subjective (by inspection of films) and objective (by measurement of 4 radiologic ratios at the level of the posterior fossa and 1 ratio at the supratentorial level). All OPCA patients had various degrees of cerebellar atrophy and lengthened RT and MT in comparison to their controls. There were no significant differences in RT and MT performances in patients with mild-moderate versus those with severe cerebellar atrophy as assessed by inspection of their films. OPCA patients with severe versus mild-moderate atrophy evaluated by 3 measures, i.e., brainstem, brachium pontis and fourth ventricle ratios, presented few significantly lengthened RT and MT performances. In contrast, patients with severe atrophy revealed by the midbrain ratio had significantly lengthened RT and MT performances compared to those with mild-moderate atrophy assessed by this ratio on 7 of 8 measures; the 8th measure showed a borderline significant difference. This could be explained by the fact that atrophy at the midbrain level is the only one which involves dopaminergic, noradrenergic and gluta-matergic structures and pathways.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116959

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000203099

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1913

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

This paper retrospectively analyses the clinical data of 65 consecutive cases of hemifacial spasm. A benign etiology was clinically evident in the majority of cases. Neuroradiologic investigation ruled out serious intracranial pathology in atypical cases. Trials of oral medication in 26 patients were consistently unsuccessful. Fifty-one patients had repeated lid and facial muscle injections of botulinum toxin during a period of 8 years. The mean duration of effective relief from spasm following an initial treatment was 18.9 weeks. This effect did not diminish with repeated injections.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116961

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Clinicopathological data of a woman with a 3-year course of concurrent amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and dementia are presented. Dementia had occurred at time of onset of motor disturbances and presented as typical frontal lobe dementia. Pathology confirmed motor neuron disease of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontal lobe atrophy. Multiple senile plaques were distributed cortically and in the hippocampus, where diffuse spread of neurofibrillary tangles was seen. Hence, this Alzheimer’s dementia in a patient with sporadic amyotrophic lateral raises the question of a possible association between the two condition

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116962

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1993

数据来源: Karger