摘要:

(1) Epileptic myoclonus may persist, though decreasing, for the entire duration of sleep (Jacksonian epilepsy, epilepsia partialis continuans) or disappear in the lightest phases of sleep (degenerative myoclonic epilepsy, rhythmic myoclonus in the course of encephalitis). It is probable that the different sites of the lesion and/or the different nature (pyramidal-extra-pyramidal) of the myoclonus are responsible for this different evolution during sleep. (2) The oro-velo-palatal, the skeletal myoclonus and the opsoclonus disappear early during sleep behaving as other disorders of movements of extra-pyramidal origin (Parkinsonian tremor, choreo-athetoid movements, etc.). (3) Myoclonus of spinal cord origin and facial spasm persist unchanged for the entire duration of sleep, as do the fasciculations of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000113987

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1970

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The supraspinatus muscle contracts in response to the loading of the upper arm. Twenty patients with Parkinson''s disease and 10 matched normals, underwent EMG examination of the supraspinatus muscle on both sides, with the arms held in the normal dependent position parallel to the body. In all the normals, these muscles responded by slight contraction while no activity was recorded in any of the patients. During abduction of the arm, the supraspinatus contracted adequately and the EMG recording was normal in all the patients. The results show that impairment of postural reflexes is very common in Parkinson''s disease. EMG testing of the supraspinatus muscle may therefore serve as an additional diagnostic tool in this disease.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000113988

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1970

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A doctor''s medical knowledge gives him no special right to decide how far he should go in the salvaging of children who are victims of congenital deformity. The final test of successful therapeutics is the acceptance of the patient as a member of society. The individual, or his parents, must judge whether the chance of this will be increased by the treatment proposed, in the light of an honest assessment of its results by the doctor. Application of this principle to the graver forms of spina bifida involves a special difficulty, however, in that the decision to institute treatment must be made when the parents are too emotionally disturbed to consider the implications, and the child is too young to give consent at all. In considering how to surmount this difficulty, the surgeon is left face-to-face with his conscience. The author quotes from Spinozaa passage which may help him in his decision.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000113989

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1970

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Double-blind and non-blind therapeutic trials of orally administered L-Dopa in the long-term treatment of Parkinsonism were carried out with 126 patients. For correlative studies the amount of hornovanillic acid (HVA) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was analysed. A double-blind cross-over trial with 1.5 g of L-Dopa for 2 months was performed in 10 patients. During L-Dopa treatment 8 patients showed improvement but only 2 patients benefited with placebo. In a double-blind study 40 patients were treated with a daily dosage of 5 g of L-Dopa for 2 months. All patients showed benefit on L-Dopa during this trial period and L-Dopa induced highly significantly more improvement than placebo. During non-blind treatment with optimal dosage of L-Dopa followed up for 1 to 9 months, all but one of 76 parkinsonian patients showed overall improvement. The average dose needed for optimal improvement was usually between 4 and 5 g daily. 41 % of the patients were markedly or very markedly improved and 48 °/o moderately improved; only 11 % showed minimal benefit or none. All the cardinal symptoms of Parkinson’s disease were significantly alleviated. Patients with severe disease and with duration of disease of 15 years or more showed less marked improvement. In some patients changing of anticholinergic drug therapy during L-Dopa treatment indicated a synergistic effect. Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, postural hypotension and involuntary movements were the most frequent clinical side effects. L-Dopa treatment had to be discontinued in 2 patients after 2 months treatment because of mental disturbances. An increase in libido was reported by 25 % of the patients and 5 postmenopausal female patients had renewed menstrual bleeding. During L-Dopa treatment the amount of HVA in the CSF rose significantly in all patients and was correlated with the dose of L-Dopa but not clearly with the clinical improvement. The results indicated the significant value of high oral doses of L-Dopa in the long-term treatment of parkinsonian patients. It is concluded that the therapeutic response to L-Dopa is associated with an increase in brain dopamine metabolism but that there is not always a direct correlati

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000113990

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1970

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Clinical neurological and electrophysiological examinations were performed on 20 patients suffering from carcinoma of various localizations. A high percentage of involvement of peripheral nerves was found by motor nerve conduction studies. Severe reduction of the motor nerve conduction was demonstrated in patients who received irradiation treatment. 50 % of the patients exhibited clinical signs of corticospinal tract involvement.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000113991

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1970

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000113992

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1970

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000113993

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1970

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000113994

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1970

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000228765

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1898

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000228766

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1898

数据来源: Karger