摘要:

A deficit of nigrostriatal, mesocortical and mesolimbic dopamine systems in Parkinson’s disease is well known. We know less about the involvement of tuberoinfundibular dopamine (TID) systems. In untreated (naive or wash-out) men with Parkinson’s disease, we studied TID function through basal and stimulated plasma levels of growth hormone, prolactin and thyrotropin. Only minor abnormalities in prolactin responses to thyrotropin-releas-ing hormone were found, probably reflecting denervation hypersensitivity. TID function is preserved in men with Parkinson’s di

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116245

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

On examination in the first weeks after onset of the disease, cell-mediated cytotoxicity against encephalitogenic peptide, myelin basic protein (MBP), cerebrosides and gangliosides was demonstrable in 32 (76%) of 42 patients with optic neuritis (ON). 14 patients with ON and concomitant neurological symptoms (ON/MS) had positive findings with all antigens, especially with the encephalitogenic peptide. The cytotoxic reactions against all antigens showed a close correlation with the course of ON: when the disease improved, the cytotoxicity decreased and became negative on average 4 months after ON onset. As previously reported, cell-mediated cytotoxicity against the above-mentioned antigens, especially the encephalitogenic peptide, may be considered as a pathogenetic factor in multiple sclerosis (MS). A positive reaction with this antigen in patients with ON only probably indicates the first manifestation of MS.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116246

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A patient with a 9-year history of primary writing tremor is described. Spontaneous postural tonic abduction and tremor of the right index finger was also present. Atypical features included unidirectionality of the tremor, writing-associated and independent, bilateral proximal upper limb myoclonus. No clinical response was obtained after intravenous benztropine and subtotal lidocaine infiltration of the right first dorsal interosseous muscle motor point. There was no dystonia present. This case illustrates the sporadic occurrence of writing tremor of the primary type in the absence of dystonia, otherwise a common feature of writer’s cram

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116247

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In 19 patients with definite multiple sclerosis (MS) brainstem auditory-evoked potentials (BAEP) with paired stimuli were recorded. Only hearing pathways without abnormalities in usual BAEP were examined. The latencies of wave III and wave V were significantly increased with the paired-stimulus technique (using paired-click intervals of 1.5 and 4.0 ms duration) compared to single clicks. In 4 patients (21%) paired-click BAEP latencies exceeded the critical values of normal subjects. This technique might give new possibilities in detecting minor lesions in MS patients.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116248

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Five patients with monomelic spinal muscular atrophy are described. Clinical features included insidious onset of wasting and weakness of one limb, lack of involvement of the cranial nerves, brain stem, pyramidal tracts and sensory system, and a stable condition over a period of 4–20 years. Clinical findings, electromyography and/or muscle biopsy were consistent with anterior horn cell lesion. Central cavities were excluded by magnetic resonance imaging studies of the spinal cord. Computed tomography of skeletal musculature and electromyography indicated more diffuse lower motor neuron involvement by revealing abnormalities in clinically unaffected muscles in 4 of the 5 patients. Myokymic discharges were found in the affected limb of 1 patien

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116249

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A young woman with oral apraxia and a well-defined brain lesion on CT scan developed buccolingual dyskinesia lasting 40 days after low phenobarbital (PB) doses. Disruption of the corticostriatal glutamatergic pathway from areas 6 and 4 may have been important both in causing oral apraxia and in lowering the threshold for PB-induced buccolingual dyskinesia.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116250

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The successful application of immunostaining on smear preparations from 34 tumours of the central nervous system using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique and the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex technique with commercially available antibodies is described. When combined with conventional smear preparations, the technique contributed to a rapid and accurate diagnosis in 79% of cases and is advocated to be a useful adjunct in neurosurgical diagnosis.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116251

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Three patients, 2 with tardive dyskinesia and 1 with senile chorea, were successfully treated with corticosteroids during an observation period of up to 5 months. Permanent complete relief or pronounced improvement of the dyskinesias was observed at a dosage of 5 mg prednisolone/day. Possible interactions between the putatively hyperactive dopaminergic system and corticosteroids are discussed.

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116252

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A patient developed typical features of Fisher’s syndrome after an infection with Campylobacter jejuni as ascertained by positive serology both in the blood and spinal fluid. This may be the first case of this association describe

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116253

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A retrospective study of the treatment of 148 patients with severe parkinsonism is reported. After dopa preparation was introduced as a treatment for Parkinson’s disease the progress of the disease has changed. More patients with first signs after 1970 had mild progression of disease compared to patients with a debut before 1970. In addition, the population with manifestations after 1970 had fewer cases of severe progression. Adverse effects of dopa treatment had been observed in 70% of the patients. After 5 years of treatment with dopa preparation, 62.1 % of the patients had momentary peak-dose dyskinesia. After 2 years of treatment 14.2% of the patients had on-off effects with higher incidence after further treatment. One hundred and fifteen patients have been treated with bromocriptine, 27 patients for more than 5 year

ISSN:0014-3022    

DOI:10.1159/000116254

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger