ISSN:1056-6163    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The long-term maintenance of a rigid bone-implant interface (osseointegration) is the clinical goal of most dental implant systems, although the biological mechanism for retaining a foreign object in living bone is unclear. Little data are available on the physiological turnover (remodeling) of the supporting osseous tissue. The objective of this study was to histomorphometrically assess bone remodeling surrounding rigidly integrated titanium implants in multiple species. Implants, in place from 6 months to 5 years, were recovered from human, monkey, dog, and rabbit subjects. With the use of stereological point-hit and linear-intercept methods, indices of bone formation and resorption were determined. Remarkably similar patterns emerged among all investigated species. Repeated-measures ANOVA showed a 3 to 9 fold increase in remodeling within 1 mm of the bone-implant interface (P<0.001; data expressed as percent turnover/month, mean ± SEM for n = 3–11). All morphometric indices (percent new bone, percent fluorochrome-labeled bone, percent resorption space) showed similar trends. These data suggest that the physiological mechanism for maintaining rigid osseous integration (osseointegration) is a sustained elevation of remodeling adjacent to the bone-implant interface. (Implant Dent 1995;4:235–243)

ISSN:1056-6163    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1056-6163    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Three finite element models were created to investigate the potential of rigid osseous fixation (osseointegration) for orthodontic anchorage: a mandible without an implant; a mandible with an implant; and a mandible and implant with a superimposed orthodontic load. Force was applied to different locations and the stresses were computed. The mechanical stress distributions adjacent to the implant were not affected by different biting forces, hence only one case needed to be analyzed. The stresses adjacent to the bone-implant interface changed drastically due to implantation, with major changes occurring on the buccal and mesiobuccal sides. A strong, concordant gradient for intraosseous stress and bone remodeling rate was observed that reflects a mismatch in the moduli of elasticity between the implant and the supporting bone. These results suggest important clinical implications. Osseointegration of symmetrically threaded titanium implants appears to be maintained by a sustained elevation of the mechanical stresses that continuously stimulate the bone remodeling activity within 1 mm of the implant surface. It is unlikely that a rigidly fixed (osseointegrated) implant will lose integration due to an orthodontic load superimposed on normal function. (Implant Dent 1995;4:246–258)

ISSN:1056-6163    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1056-6163    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Severe alveolar deficiencies can prevent ideal implant placement. Management of osseous defects often necessitates autogenous bone grafting. The mandibular symphysis graft technique offers ease of access, good bone quantity for localized repair, a corticocancellous block graft morphology, low morbidity, and minimal graft resorption. An improved bone density results along with a shorter healing time as compared with other methods for bone repair. An understanding of graft management and implant placement is essential for clinical success. (Implant Dent 1995;4:261–267)

ISSN:1056-6163    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A data subset from an ongoing prospective multicenter clinical study of threaded hydroxyapatite-coated implants was evaluated to assess safety and efficacy of the implants in anterior maxillary regions when used to support fixed prostheses. Observations were recorded before surgery, at first-stage surgery, at second-stage surgery, at loading, and at quarterly post-restoration prophylactic exams and annual comprehensive patient visits. Of 2,062 implants restored in 720 patients in the parent study, a total of 95 implants in 54 patients met the criteria for inclusion into this portion. Implant failure criteria included mobility, radiographic evidence of bone loss greater than one-third the length of the implant or peri-implant radiolucency, fracture, exfoliation, removal for any reason, and patient reported pain upon palpation. Soft tissue indices were monitored as part of the study. Post-restoration implant performance was analyzed using life-table methodology. No failures were observed before prosthodontic rehabilitation. Three implants failed during an observation period of up to 5 years after completion of prosthodontic treatment. The Cutler-Ederer life table success rate after 5 years was 93.4 percent. Results of this investigation suggest that threaded hydroxyapatite-coated implants are safe and effective when placed in anterior maxillary regions to support fixed prostheses. (Implant Dent 1995;4:272–275)

ISSN:1056-6163    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1056-6163    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1056-6163    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1056-6163    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID