ISSN:1040-0435    

DOI:10.1080/10400435.1995.10132245

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Evaluating assistive technology (AT) services to demonstrate quality or to measure outcomes is the ethical obligation of the entire AT community. Accountability must be accepted by all stakeholders in order to evaluate all aspects of service delivery. Developing an integrated system will require addressing issues that the AT community has not previously had to face. These challenges have been highlighted.

ISSN:1040-0435    

DOI:10.1080/10400435.1995.10132246

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:1040-0435    

DOI:10.1080/10400435.1995.10132247

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The purpose of this article is to review the published research evidence for the efficacy and effectiveness of adaptive seating in the management of children with cerebral palsy. This review is undertaken to determine whether adaptive seating outcomes proposed in the clinical literature have been substantiated. The literature search was confined to English-language publications between 1982 and 1994. Thirty-seven research studies were identified through: 1) on-line search of Index Medicus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Psychological Abstracts; 2) scanning conference proceedings and article reference lists; and, 3) tracking of author citations through the Science Citations Index. Eight studies met the selection criteria of using subjects who were children with cerebral palsy, including adaptive seating as an independent variable, and including an unsupported sitting comparison condition. Study quality was evaluated using an adaptation of Sackett's validity criteria. Sackett's classification system was utilized to identify levels of evidence and to grade recommendations. Grade A, B, and C recommendations were generated from Level I to Level V evidence for some of the clinically proposed seating outcomes. Additional seating research is required to strengthen the recommendations and investigate unexplored outcomes. Limitations of the review are potential reviewer and publication bias.

ISSN:1040-0435    

DOI:10.1080/10400435.1995.10132248

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The physical characteristics assessment (PCA), a newly developed illustrated checklist, is designed for use by allied health and education professionals to identify a viable method for an individual with cerebral palsy to access a computer. The PCA was developed in response to a documented void of such assessments in the literature. The value of PCA was assessed with respect to content validity, clinical utility, reliability (inter-rater), and opinion of persons with cerebral palsy and health and education professionals. Professionals (n = 72) and persons with cerebral palsy (n = 78) from 20 sites in Canada, Chile, England, Israel, Spain, and the United States participated in the study. Statistically, the PCA produced a highly significant (p< 0.001) assessment time savings compared with non-PCA methods. A statistically significant difference in the number of user/computer interface changes during five post-assessment computer training sessions was not shown between the PCA and non-PCA methods. Inter-rater reliability ranged between 90% and 100% (n = 33 pairs). Both persons with cerebral palsy assessed via the PCA and professionals using the PCA gave positive opinions. Overall results support the value of the PCA.

ISSN:1040-0435    

DOI:10.1080/10400435.1995.10132249

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper reports the findings of a study that evaluated the ability of 66 ambulatory and 50 nonambulatory older people to toilet independently and safely. A repeated measures research design included eight test trials in which participants got on and off a toilet using four different grab bar configurations each at two different toilet seat heights. Each trial was videotaped in order to determine patterns of grab bar use for each toilet height/grab bar configuration. In addition, pretrial and posttrial interviews were conducted to determine participant preferences and perceived safety. Results of this study indicate that some grab bar configurations that were not code-compliant were preferred and were used more often than configurations that were designed to meet Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines. These findings raise questions as to whether legally mandated grab bar requirements are appropriate for older individuals.

ISSN:1040-0435    

DOI:10.1080/10400435.1995.10132250

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This project examined the effectiveness of an assistive technology preventive maintenance service for consumers. Sixteen independent living centers that offer mobility equipment repair services for consumers were surveyed. Thirty-seven consumers and 22 vendors supplying mobility equipment and repair services within the Houston area were interviewed. Problems identified included lack of available services to maintain mobility equipment in good working order, no centralized information and evaluation system, denials of needed equipment by third party payers, and high equipment costs. A collaborative effort between the Independent Living Research Utilization Research and Training Center on Independent Living at The Institute for Rehabilitation and Research in the Texas Medical Center, and the Houston Center for Independent Living designed and implemented a model preventive maintenance service—The Wheelchair Maintenance Clinic. Evaluation after the first year of operating the clinic showed 111 service visits were delivered to 50 consumers. Consumers reported high levels of satisfaction with the service.

ISSN:1040-0435    

DOI:10.1080/10400435.1995.10132251

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A focus group comprised of persons who use power wheelchairs and professionals working in the field were asked to participate in a brainstorming session to determine priorities for the development and application of power mobility input devices and control concepts. The group consensus was that durability and reliability are the most important criteria. Essentially, the expectation is that a power wheelchair must work everyday in the way a person needs it and wants it. At the same time, there is a desire to enhance and advance the features of input devices and control systems. Many would say these changes constitute designing “smarter” power wheelchairs, such as systems that can independently detect obstacles and can provide users with more feedback. This paper presents the rationale behind forming this focus group and details of the results of a brainstorming session where ideas were generated and prioritized. The five most important issues as determined by the group are discussed in depth.

ISSN:1040-0435    

DOI:10.1080/10400435.1995.10132252

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:1040-0435    

DOI:10.1080/10400435.1995.10132253

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:1040-0435    

DOI:10.1080/10400435.1995.10132254

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1995

数据来源: Taylor