ISSN:0884-5336    

DOI:10.1177/0115426594009005163

出版商:Sage Publications    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Clinical and experimental evidence confirms that delivery of nutrients via the gastrointestinal tract reduces septic morbidity in critically injured patients. Early enteral feeding seems to maintain mucosal integrity and to support the gut as an important immunologic organ that may affect other areas of the body. There is increasing evidence to suggest that specific nutrients are especially beneficial in maintaining intestinal host‐defense function in times of critical illness and injury.

ISSN:0884-5336    

DOI:10.1177/0115426594009005165

出版商:Sage Publications    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The enteral route is the preferred method of nutrition support in patients with functional gastrointestinal tracts. Many techniques for obtaining enteral access are available, and the decision regarding which one to use depends on several issues, including anticipated duration of support, aspiration risk, and local expertise. Using laparotomy, laparoscopy, fluoroscopy, or endoscopy, tubes can be placed into the stomach, the duodenum, and the jejunum. Nasogastric and nasoenteric tubes are useful for short‐term supplementation; however, patients needing support for more than 6 weeks may be better served with a more permanent tube. In this review, specific methods for obtaining enteral access are discussed along with their advantages and disadvantages.

ISSN:0884-5336    

DOI:10.1177/0115426594009005172

出版商:Sage Publications    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Although radiologic confirmation of tube placement remains the “gold standard,” there is growing evidence that pH testing of feeding‐tube aspirates can reduce (although not totally eliminate) reliance on x‐rays used for this purpose. This article describes that evidence and tells how it was obtained. Reducing the number of x‐rays needed to confirm tube position can have far‐reaching financial benefits.

ISSN:0884-5336    

DOI:10.1177/0115426594009005185

出版商:Sage Publications    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We present a report of markedly elevated calcium and magnesium requirements in an AIDS patient receiving central venous nutrition. These increased requirements were attributed to urinary magnesium losses associated with intravenous pentamidine therapy. The combination of intravenous pentamidine and electrolyte abnormalities resulted in the development of the dysrhythmia, torsade de pointes, in the patient. A review of literature presenting similar cases is included. Nutrition practitioners should be aware of the often prolonged effect of intravenous pentamidine on magnesium and calcium homeostasis so that adequate supplementation will be provided, perhaps preventing the development of life‐threatening torsade de pointes.

ISSN:0884-5336    

DOI:10.1177/0115426594009005191

出版商:Sage Publications    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

It is important that health care professionals be aware of the potential for medications to interfere with clinical laboratory tests. Medications can cause in vivo effects when the concentration or activity of the analyte is altered before the analysis and therefore the assay result is true and accurate. An in vitro effect occurs when the medication interferes with the assay, and the result is erroneous and cannot be interpreted. This report describes a recently identified case of interference of acetylcysteine with the urine test for ketones and demonstrates the importance of a thorough medication review in evaluating abnormal laboratory tests.

ISSN:0884-5336    

DOI:10.1177/0115426594009005196

出版商:Sage Publications    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0884-5336    

DOI:10.1177/088453369400900507

出版商:Sage Publications    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0884-5336    

DOI:10.1177/088453369400900508

出版商:Sage Publications    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0884-5336    

DOI:10.1177/088453369400900510

出版商:Sage Publications    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0884-5336    

DOI:10.1177/088453369400900512

出版商:Sage Publications    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY